javascript - 在用户脚本中使用 XMLHttpRequest 下载图像

Question

首先有一个question在 SO 上具有相同的标题，但它不是我要找的，它也没有完整的答案。

所以这是我的问题。假设我有这个指向图像的 URL。

https://fbcdn-photos-a.akamaihd.net/hphotos-ak-ash4/299595_10150290138650735_543370734_8021370_355110168_n.jpg

一旦我将这个参数 ?dl=1 放到 URL 的末尾，它就可以下载了。

https://fbcdn-photos-a.akamaihd.net/hphotos-ak-ash4/299595_10150290138650735_543370734_8021370_355110168_n.jpg?dl=1

我正在尝试通过用户脚本完成这项任务。所以我为此使用了 XMLHttpRequest。

var url = "https://fbcdn-photos-a.akamaihd.net/hphotos-ak-ash4/299595_10150290138650735_543370734_8021370_355110168_n.jpg?dl=1";

var request = new XMLHttpRequest();  
request.open("GET", url, false);   
request.send(null);  

if (request.status === 200) 
{  
    alert(request.statusText);
}

这是一个fiddle .

但它不起作用。

Answer 1

XMLHttpRequest 不能跨域工作，但由于这是一个用户脚本，Chrome 现在仅支持用户脚本中的GM_xmlhttpRequest()。

像这样的东西应该可以工作，注意它是异步的:

GM_xmlhttpRequest ( {
    method:         'GET',
    url:            'https://fbcdn-photos-a.akamaihd.net/hphotos-ak-ash4/299595_10150290138650735_543370734_8021370_355110168_n.jpg?dl=1',
    onload:         function (responseDetails) {
                        alert(responseDetails.statusText);
                    }
} );

---

---

至于获取和使用实际的图像数据，这是一个非常棘手的问题。

• 您可以在 Firefox 中使用新的 .responseType = "blob"; 功能，但 Chrome does not yet support it 。

• 在 Chrome 或 Firefox 中，仅针对同一域，您可以像这样使用新的 XHR2:
  See it in action at jsBin.

  BlobBuilder             = window.MozBlobBuilder || window.WebKitBlobBuilder || window.BlobBuilder;
  
  var url                 = "http://jsbin.com/images/gear.png";
  var request             = new XMLHttpRequest();
  request.open ("GET", url, false);
  request.responseType    = "arraybuffer";
  request.send (null);
  
  if (request.status === 200) {
      var bb              = new BlobBuilder ();
      bb.append (request.response); // Note: not request.responseText
  
      var blob            = bb.getBlob ('image/png');
      var reader          = new FileReader ();
      reader.onload       = function (zFR_Event) {
          $("body").prepend ('<p>New image: <img src="' + zFR_Event.target.result + '"></p>')
      };
  
      reader.readAsDataURL (blob);
  }
  

  
  

• 不幸的是，GM_xmlhttpRequest()(目前)还不支持设置responseType。

---

因此，对于 GM 脚本或用户脚本应用程序，我们必须使用像 "Javascript Hacks: Using XHR to load binary data" 中那样的自定义 base64 编码方案。

脚本代码变成这样:

var imgUrl              = "http://jsbin.com/images/gear.png";

GM_xmlhttpRequest ( {
    method:         'GET',
    url:            imgUrl,
    onload:         function (respDetails) {
                        var binResp     = customBase64Encode (respDetails.responseText);

                        /*-- Here, we just demo that we have a valid base64 encoding
                            by inserting the image into the page.
                            We could just as easily AJAX-off the data instead.
                        */
                        var zImgPara    = document.createElement ('p');
                        var zTargetNode = document.querySelector ("body *"); //1st child

                        zImgPara.innerHTML = 'Image: <img src="data:image/png;base64,'
                                           + binResp + '">';
                        zTargetNode.parentNode.insertBefore (zImgPara, zTargetNode);
                    },
    overrideMimeType: 'text/plain; charset=x-user-defined'
} );


function customBase64Encode (inputStr) {
    var
        bbLen               = 3,
        enCharLen           = 4,
        inpLen              = inputStr.length,
        inx                 = 0,
        jnx,
        keyStr              = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
                            + "0123456789+/=",
        output              = "",
        paddingBytes        = 0;
    var
        bytebuffer          = new Array (bbLen),
        encodedCharIndexes  = new Array (enCharLen);

    while (inx < inpLen) {
        for (jnx = 0;  jnx < bbLen;  ++jnx) {
            /*--- Throw away high-order byte, as documented at:
              https://developer.mozilla.org/En/Using_XMLHttpRequest#Handling_binary_data
            */
            if (inx < inpLen)
                bytebuffer[jnx] = inputStr.charCodeAt (inx++) & 0xff;
            else
                bytebuffer[jnx] = 0;
        }

        /*--- Get each encoded character, 6 bits at a time.
            index 0: first  6 bits
            index 1: second 6 bits
                        (2 least significant bits from inputStr byte 1
                         + 4 most significant bits from byte 2)
            index 2: third  6 bits
                        (4 least significant bits from inputStr byte 2
                         + 2 most significant bits from byte 3)
            index 3: forth  6 bits (6 least significant bits from inputStr byte 3)
        */
        encodedCharIndexes[0] = bytebuffer[0] >> 2;
        encodedCharIndexes[1] = ( (bytebuffer[0] & 0x3) << 4)   |  (bytebuffer[1] >> 4);
        encodedCharIndexes[2] = ( (bytebuffer[1] & 0x0f) << 2)  |  (bytebuffer[2] >> 6);
        encodedCharIndexes[3] = bytebuffer[2] & 0x3f;

        //--- Determine whether padding happened, and adjust accordingly.
        paddingBytes          = inx - (inpLen - 1);
        switch (paddingBytes) {
            case 1:
                // Set last character to padding char
                encodedCharIndexes[3] = 64;
                break;
            case 2:
                // Set last 2 characters to padding char
                encodedCharIndexes[3] = 64;
                encodedCharIndexes[2] = 64;
                break;
            default:
                break; // No padding - proceed
        }

        /*--- Now grab each appropriate character out of our keystring,
            based on our index array and append it to the output string.
        */
        for (jnx = 0;  jnx < enCharLen;  ++jnx)
            output += keyStr.charAt ( encodedCharIndexes[jnx] );
    }
    return output;
}