php - Array to SVG，灵活的PHP算法

Question

问题:我有几个不同的数组 - 例如:

• [0.21, 0.001, 0.0245, 0.31, 0.05, ...]

• [1234, 1342, 1232, 1625, 2200, 2205, 1804, ...]

• [5, 12, 42, 2, 32, 42, ...]

我现在的问题是:我正在寻找一种算法来计算简单图表的 SVG 路径，例如:

我目前的问题是通用算法和每个 SVG 的 View 框的计算。

目前我已经存储了一个例子:

{
  "path": ".....",
  "min_value": 2, // min. value of array
  "max_value": 31, // max. value of array
  "raw_data": [2, 3, 3, 5, 25, 31],
}

编辑:现在我添加了动态步长计算，例如:$step = (($width/$height) * (max($points)-min($points)))/count($points);

所以现在的代码是这样的:

$width=200;
$height=50;
$paths = '';
$i= 0;
$j = 0;
$step = (($width/$height) * (max($points)-
min($points)))/count($points);
foreach($points as $point) {
    if($j == 0) {
        $paths = 'M 0 '.$point;
    }
     else if($j == 1) {
        $paths .= ' L '.$i.' '.$point;
     }
     else {
        $paths .= ' '.$i.' '.$point;
     }
     $i+=$step;
     $j++;
 }
 $viewbox = '0 0 '.(count($points)+1).' '.(max($points)+1);

现在看起来好多了 - 但仍然存在以下问题:小值(全部 < 1.0)和 stroke-width=1px:

<svg width="200" height="50" viewBox="0 0 31 1.99" style="background-color: white;">
        <path fill="none" stroke="blue" stroke-width="1px" d="M 0 0.91 L 0.12333333333333 0.16 0.24666666666667 0.285 0.37 0.845 0.49333333333333 0.87 0.61666666666667 0.14 0.74 0.935 0.86333333333333 0.955 0.98666666666667 0.51 1.11 0.855 1.2333333333333 0.41 1.3566666666667 0.97 1.48 0.115 1.6033333333333 0.095 1.7266666666667 0.885 1.85 0.49 1.9733333333333 0.83 2.0966666666667 0.115 2.22 0.555 2.3433333333333 0.99 2.4666666666667 0.23 2.59 0.21 2.7133333333333 0.14 2.8366666666667 0.265 2.96 0.435 3.0833333333333 0.11 3.2066666666667 0.485 3.33 0.725 3.4533333333333 0.48 3.5766666666667 0.065"/>
    </svg>

大值(全部 >1000.0)和 stroke-width=100px:

<svg width="200" height="50" viewBox="0 0 31 4797.885" style="background-color: white;">
        <path fill="none" stroke="blue" stroke-width="1px" d="M 0 3401.91 L 185.99666666667 3515.16 371.99333333333 4007.285 557.99 4149.845 743.98666666667 4141.87 929.98333333333 4176.14 1115.98 4227.935 1301.9766666667 4416.955 1487.9733333333 4594.51 1673.97 4486.855 1859.9666666667 4302.41 2045.9633333333 4413.97 2231.96 4584.115 2417.9566666667 4740.095 2603.9533333333 4796.885 2789.95 4629.49 2975.9466666667 4567.83 3161.9433333333 4484.115 3347.94 4383.555 3533.9366666667 4363.99 3719.9333333333 4362.23 3905.93 4352.21 4091.9266666667 4236.14 4277.9233333333 4120.265 4463.92 4049.435 4649.9166666667 4046.11 4835.9133333333 4138.485 5021.91 4165.725 5207.9066666667 4242.48 5393.9033333333 4358.065"/>
    </svg>

所有图表都应使用 100% 的宽度和高度空间，并具有相同的笔划宽度。

Answer 1

生成 SVG 路径有什么难的？这里是 SVG 的例子:

<svg width="512" height="512" viewBox="-3.775377 -42.30107 144.356959 147.801089" >
 <path fill="none" stroke="blue" stroke-width="1px" transform="matrix(1,0,0,1,0,0)" d="M 70 30 q 0.466506 0.468696 1.055021 -0.160683 q 0.529113 -0.764957 -0.278312 -1.82735 q -0.968481 -1.043055 -2.776709 -0.511966 q -1.848076 0.710151 -2.220084 3.142734 q -0.198986 2.550856 2.278312 4.32735 q 2.680178 1.650105 5.941772 0.029915 q 3.229646 -1.888998 3.385148 -6.124785 q -0.13114 -4.336754 -4.278312 -6.82735 q -4.391875 -2.257156 -9.106836 0.452135 q -4.611215 3.067846 -4.550211 9.106836 q 0.461267 6.122652 6.278312 9.32735 q 6.103572 2.864207 12.2719 -0.934186 q 5.992785 -4.246694 5.715275 -12.088886 q -0.791394 -7.908551 -8.278312 -11.82735 q -7.815269 -3.471258 -15.436963 1.416237 q -7.374355 5.425541 -6.880338 15.070937 q 1.121521 9.694449 10.278312 14.32735 q 9.526965 4.078309 18.602026 -1.898287 q 8.755925 -6.604389 8.045402 -18.052988 q -1.451648 -11.480347 -12.278312 -16.82735 q -11.238662 -4.685359 -21.76709 2.380338 q -10.137495 7.783236 -9.210465 21.035039 q 1.781775 13.266246 14.278312 19.32735 q 12.950359 5.29241 24.932153 -2.862389 q 11.519065 -8.962084 10.375529 -24.01709 q -2.111902 -15.052144 -16.278312 -21.82735 q -14.662056 -5.899461 -28.097217 3.34444 q -12.900635 10.140931 -11.540592 26.99914 q 2.442029 16.838043 18.278312 24.32735 q 16.373753 6.506512 31.26228 -3.826491 q 14.282204 -11.319779 12.705656 -29.981191 q -2.772156 -18.623941 -20.278312 -26.82735 q -18.08545 -7.113563 -34.427344 4.308541 q -15.663774 12.498627 -13.870719 32.963242 q 3.102283 20.409839 22.278312 29.32735 q 19.797147 7.720613 37.592407 -4.790592 q 17.045344 -13.677474 15.035783 -35.945293 q -3.43241 -22.195738 -24.278312 -31.82735 q -21.508844 -8.327664 -40.757471 5.272643 q -18.426914 14.856322 -16.200846 38.927344 q 3.762537 23.981636 26.278312 34.32735 q 23.22054 8.934715 42.922534 -5.754694 q 19.808484 -16.035169 17.36591 -41.909394 q -4.092664 -25.767535 -28.278312 -36.82735 q -24.932237 -9.541766 -47.087598 6.236745 q -21.190054 17.214017 -18.530973 44.891445 q 4.422791 27.553433 30.278312 39.32735 q 26.643934 10.148817 50.252661 -6.718795 q 22.571624 -18.392864 19.696037 -47.873496 q -4.752918 -29.339331 -32.278312 -41.82735 q -28.355631 -10.755867 -53.417725 7.200846 q -23.953193 19.571712 -20.8611 50.855547 q 5.083045 31.12523 34.278312 44.32735 q 30.067328 11.362918 56.582788 -7.682897 q 25.334763 -20.75056 22.026164 -53.837598 q -5.413172 -32.911128 -36.278312 -46.82735 q -31.779025 -11.969969 -59.747852 8.164948 q -26.716333 21.929407 -23.191227 56.819648 q 5.7433 34.697026 38.278312 49.32735 q 33.490722 12.57702 62.912915 -8.647 "/>
</svg>

如此硬编码标题和标签......然后只创建包含路径点的 d="" 部分......从命令 M move 开始，然后剩下的只使用 L(行到，你不需要重复L 命令，直到使用不同的命令)。大写表示绝对坐标，小写命令表示相对坐标。此处预览:

请参阅 SVG 规范以了解路径命令的用法...如果您的数据包含 x,y 点，那么它将是这样的:

d="M x0,y0 L x1 y1 x2 y2 x3 y3 ... xn yn"

因此，只需创建 php 脚本即可从您的数组中生成此类内容。

重要的部分是定义浏览器 View 的 viewBox 和 View 。如果设置不正确或根本没有设置，某些浏览器将无法正确呈现您的 SVG。

使用您的示例数组和 x-step = 1 我得到:

x = { 0,1,2,3, 4, 5 }
y = { 2,3,3,5,25,31 }

所以让我们使用 x=<-1,+6> 和 y=<1,32> 作为 View 框(最小最大 + 一些边框):

<svg width="512" height="512" viewBox="-1 1 6 32" >
     <path fill="none" stroke="blue" stroke-width="1px" transform="matrix(1,0,0,1,0,0)" d="M 0 2 L 1 3 2 3 3 5 4 25 5 31"/>
    </svg>

如您所见，Y 轴向下，您可以调整 y 轴位置或使用矩阵...

[Edit2] 我为此创建了 C++/VCL 脚本(如 promise 的那样)

    {
    int xs=512,ys=256;  // view resolution
    float x0,x1,y0,y1;  // data bbox
    float x,dx,px;
    AnsiString svg;
    float data[]={ 3401.91, 3515.16, 4007.285, 4149.845, 4141.87, 4176.14, 4227.935, 4416.955, 4594.51, 4486.855, 4302.41, 4413.97, 4584.115, 4740.095, 4796.885, 4629.49, 4567.83, 4484.115, 4383.555, 4363.99, 4362.23, 4352.21, 4236.14, 4120.265, 4049.435, 4046.11, 4138.485, 4165.725, 4242.48, 4358.065 };
//  float data[]={ 0.21, 0.001, 0.0245, 0.31, 0.05 };
//  float data[]={ 1234, 1342, 1232, 1625, 2200, 2205, 1804 };
//  float data[]={ 5, 12, 42, 2, 32, 42 };
    int i,n=sizeof(data)/(sizeof(data[0]));

    y0=data[0]; y1=y0;
    for (i=0;i<n;i++)
        {
        if (y0>data[i]) y0=data[i];
        if (y1<data[i]) y1=data[i];
        }
    x0=0.0; x1=x0+((y1-y0)*float(xs)/float(ys));
    dx=(x1-x0)/float(n);
    px=(x1-x0)/float(xs);

    svg="<svg width=\""+AnsiString(xs)+"\" height=\""+AnsiString(ys)+"\""
       +" viewBox=\""+AnsiString(x0)+" "+AnsiString(y0)+" "+AnsiString(x1-x0)+" "+AnsiString(y1-y0)+"\">\r\n"
       +" <path fill=\"none\" stroke=\"black\" stroke-width=\""+AnsiString(px)+"px\" transform=\"matrix(1,0,0,1,0,0\" d=\"M "+AnsiString(x0)+" "+AnsiString(y0)+" L";
    for (x=x0+dx,i=0;i<n;i++,x+=dx)
        {
        svg+=" "+AnsiString(x)+" "+AnsiString(data[i]);
        if ((i&3)==3) svg+="\r\n ";
        }
    svg+="\"/>\r\n";
    svg+="</svg>\r\n";

    Memo1->Text=svg;
    i=FileCreate("test.svg");
    FileWrite(i,svg.c_str(),svg.Length());
    FileClose(i);
    }

此处输出:

<svg width="512" height="256" viewBox="0 3401.90991210938 2789.94970703125 1394.97485351563">
 <path fill="none" stroke="black" stroke-width="5.44912052154541px" transform="matrix(1,0,0,1,0,0" d="M 0 3401.90991210938 L 92.9983215332031 3401.90991210938 185.996643066406 3515.15991210938 278.994964599609 4007.28491210938 371.993286132813 4149.84521484375
  464.991607666016 4141.8701171875 557.989929199219 4176.14013671875 650.98828125 4227.93505859375 743.986572265625 4416.955078125
  836.98486328125 4594.509765625 929.983154296875 4486.85498046875 1022.9814453125 4302.41015625 1115.97973632813 4413.97021484375
  1208.97802734375 4584.115234375 1301.97631835938 4740.09521484375 1394.974609375 4796.884765625 1487.97290039063 4629.490234375
  1580.97119140625 4567.830078125 1673.96948242188 4484.115234375 1766.9677734375 4383.55517578125 1859.96606445313 4363.990234375
  1952.96435546875 4362.22998046875 2045.96264648438 4352.2099609375 2138.9609375 4236.14013671875 2231.95922851563 4120.26513671875
  2324.95751953125 4049.43505859375 2417.95581054688 4046.11010742188 2510.9541015625 4138.48486328125 2603.95239257813 4165.72509765625
  2696.95068359375 4242.47998046875 2789.94897460938 4358.06494140625"/>
</svg>

您忘记了transform，您还需要正确设置笔划宽度px。