php - 即时更改时区

Question

我有一个小型 PHP 服务器端应用程序，允许用户更改他们的时区。我已经在 ini 文件中设置了默认时区，但需要即时更改它，以便我可以将用户定义的时间传递到数据库查询中以获得正确的结果。处理这个问题的最佳方法是什么？我应该使用 date_default_timezone_set() 吗？

编辑:这是一项艰巨的任务，还是我没有充分解释我的需求？

Answer 1

这是一种模式:

1. 为每个用户存储时区(例如字符串 $userTimezone = 'America/Los_Angeles')。

2. 设置 MySQL 连接 session 的时区

   在任何 CRUD 语句之前发出此 MySQL 命令:

   "SET SESSION time_zone=$userTimezone ;"

3. 将日期时间(以用户时区提供)存储在 MySQL TIMESTAMP 字段中(内部以 UTC 格式存储 - 它会在存储和检索时根据 MySQL session 时区为您进行转换)。

4. 当您选择(只要 SET SESSION 已经发出)包装在 DATE_FORMAT() 中的日期时间时，它将处于用户的时区、格式化并准备好显示给用户。

这是用户选择时区的用户友好的 SELECT:

<option value="Pacific/Midway">(GMT-11:00) Midway Island, Samoa</option>
<option value="America/Adak">(GMT-10:00) Hawaii-Aleutian</option>
<option value="Etc/GMT+10">(GMT-10:00) Hawaii</option>
<option value="Pacific/Marquesas">(GMT-09:30) Marquesas Islands</option>
<option value="Pacific/Gambier">(GMT-09:00) Gambier Islands</option>
<option value="America/Anchorage">(GMT-09:00) Alaska</option>
<option value="America/Ensenada">(GMT-08:00) Tijuana, Baja California</option>
<option value="Etc/GMT+8">(GMT-08:00) Pitcairn Islands</option>
<option value="America/Los_Angeles">(GMT-08:00) Pacific Time (US & Canada)</option>
<option value="America/Denver">(GMT-07:00) Mountain Time (US & Canada)</option>
<option value="America/Chihuahua">(GMT-07:00) Chihuahua, La Paz, Mazatlan</option>
<option value="America/Dawson_Creek">(GMT-07:00) Arizona</option>
<option value="America/Belize">(GMT-06:00) Saskatchewan, Central America</option>
<option value="America/Cancun">(GMT-06:00) Guadalajara, Mexico City, Monterrey</option>
<option value="Chile/EasterIsland">(GMT-06:00) Easter Island</option>
<option value="America/Chicago">(GMT-06:00) Central Time (US & Canada)</option>
<option value="America/New_York">(GMT-05:00) Eastern Time (US & Canada)</option>
<option value="America/Havana">(GMT-05:00) Cuba</option>
<option value="America/Bogota">(GMT-05:00) Bogota, Lima, Quito, Rio Branco</option>
<option value="America/Caracas">(GMT-04:30) Caracas</option>
<option value="America/Santiago">(GMT-04:00) Santiago</option>
<option value="America/La_Paz">(GMT-04:00) La Paz</option>
<option value="Atlantic/Stanley">(GMT-04:00) Faukland Islands</option>
<option value="America/Campo_Grande">(GMT-04:00) Brazil</option>
<option value="America/Goose_Bay">(GMT-04:00) Atlantic Time (Goose Bay)</option>
<option value="America/Glace_Bay">(GMT-04:00) Atlantic Time (Canada)</option>
<option value="America/St_Johns">(GMT-03:30) Newfoundland</option>
<option value="America/Araguaina">(GMT-03:00) UTC-3</option>
<option value="America/Montevideo">(GMT-03:00) Montevideo</option>
<option value="America/Miquelon">(GMT-03:00) Miquelon, St. Pierre</option>
<option value="America/Godthab">(GMT-03:00) Greenland</option>
<option value="America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires">(GMT-03:00) Buenos Aires</option>
<option value="America/Sao_Paulo">(GMT-03:00) Brasilia</option>
<option value="America/Noronha">(GMT-02:00) Mid-Atlantic</option>
<option value="Atlantic/Cape_Verde">(GMT-01:00) Cape Verde Is.</option>
<option value="Atlantic/Azores">(GMT-01:00) Azores</option>
<option value="Europe/Belfast">(GMT) Greenwich Mean Time : Belfast</option>
<option value="Europe/Dublin">(GMT) Greenwich Mean Time : Dublin</option>
<option value="Europe/Lisbon">(GMT) Greenwich Mean Time : Lisbon</option>
<option value="Europe/London">(GMT) Greenwich Mean Time : London</option>
<option value="Africa/Abidjan">(GMT) Monrovia, Reykjavik</option>
<option value="Europe/Amsterdam">(GMT+01:00) Amsterdam, Berlin, Bern, Rome, Stockholm, Vienna</option>
<option value="Europe/Belgrade">(GMT+01:00) Belgrade, Bratislava, Budapest, Ljubljana, Prague</option>
<option value="Europe/Brussels">(GMT+01:00) Brussels, Copenhagen, Madrid, Paris</option>
<option value="Africa/Algiers">(GMT+01:00) West Central Africa</option>
<option value="Africa/Windhoek">(GMT+01:00) Windhoek</option>
<option value="Asia/Beirut">(GMT+02:00) Beirut</option>
<option value="Africa/Cairo">(GMT+02:00) Cairo</option>
<option value="Asia/Gaza">(GMT+02:00) Gaza</option>
<option value="Africa/Blantyre">(GMT+02:00) Harare, Pretoria</option>
<option value="Asia/Jerusalem">(GMT+02:00) Jerusalem</option>
<option value="Europe/Minsk">(GMT+02:00) Minsk</option>
<option value="Asia/Damascus">(GMT+02:00) Syria</option>
<option value="Europe/Moscow">(GMT+03:00) Moscow, St. Petersburg, Volgograd</option>
<option value="Africa/Addis_Ababa">(GMT+03:00) Nairobi</option>
<option value="Asia/Tehran">(GMT+03:30) Tehran</option>
<option value="Asia/Dubai">(GMT+04:00) Abu Dhabi, Muscat</option>
<option value="Asia/Yerevan">(GMT+04:00) Yerevan</option>
<option value="Asia/Kabul">(GMT+04:30) Kabul</option>
<option value="Asia/Yekaterinburg">(GMT+05:00) Ekaterinburg</option>
<option value="Asia/Tashkent">(GMT+05:00) Tashkent</option>
<option value="Asia/Kolkata">(GMT+05:30) Chennai, Kolkata, Mumbai, New Delhi</option>
<option value="Asia/Katmandu">(GMT+05:45) Kathmandu</option>
<option value="Asia/Dhaka">(GMT+06:00) Astana, Dhaka</option>
<option value="Asia/Novosibirsk">(GMT+06:00) Novosibirsk</option>
<option value="Asia/Rangoon">(GMT+06:30) Yangon (Rangoon)</option>
<option value="Asia/Bangkok">(GMT+07:00) Bangkok, Hanoi, Jakarta</option>
<option value="Asia/Krasnoyarsk">(GMT+07:00) Krasnoyarsk</option>
<option value="Asia/Hong_Kong">(GMT+08:00) Beijing, Chongqing, Hong Kong, Urumqi</option>
<option value="Asia/Irkutsk">(GMT+08:00) Irkutsk, Ulaan Bataar</option>
<option value="Australia/Perth">(GMT+08:00) Perth</option>
<option value="Australia/Eucla">(GMT+08:45) Eucla</option>
<option value="Asia/Tokyo">(GMT+09:00) Osaka, Sapporo, Tokyo</option>
<option value="Asia/Seoul">(GMT+09:00) Seoul</option>
<option value="Asia/Yakutsk">(GMT+09:00) Yakutsk</option>
<option value="Australia/Adelaide">(GMT+09:30) Adelaide</option>
<option value="Australia/Darwin">(GMT+09:30) Darwin</option>
<option value="Australia/Brisbane">(GMT+10:00) Brisbane</option>
<option value="Australia/Hobart">(GMT+10:00) Hobart</option>
<option value="Asia/Vladivostok">(GMT+10:00) Vladivostok</option>
<option value="Australia/Lord_Howe">(GMT+10:30) Lord Howe Island</option>
<option value="Etc/GMT-11">(GMT+11:00) Solomon Is., New Caledonia</option>
<option value="Asia/Magadan">(GMT+11:00) Magadan</option>
<option value="Pacific/Norfolk">(GMT+11:30) Norfolk Island</option>
<option value="Asia/Anadyr">(GMT+12:00) Anadyr, Kamchatka</option>
<option value="Pacific/Auckland">(GMT+12:00) Auckland, Wellington</option>
<option value="Etc/GMT-12">(GMT+12:00) Fiji, Kamchatka, Marshall Is.</option>
<option value="Pacific/Chatham">(GMT+12:45) Chatham Islands</option>
<option value="Pacific/Tongatapu">(GMT+13:00) Nuku\'alofa</option>
<option value="Pacific/Kiritimati">(GMT+14:00) Kiritimati</option>

来自数组:

$timezone_pairs = array(
'Pacific/Midway'=>'(GMT-11:00) Midway Island, Samoa',
'America/Adak'=>'(GMT-10:00) Hawaii-Aleutian',
'Etc/GMT+10'=>'(GMT-10:00) Hawaii',
'Pacific/Marquesas'=>'(GMT-09:30) Marquesas Islands',
'Pacific/Gambier'=>'(GMT-09:00) Gambier Islands',
'America/Anchorage'=>'(GMT-09:00) Alaska',
'America/Ensenada'=>'(GMT-08:00) Tijuana, Baja California',
'Etc/GMT+8'=>'(GMT-08:00) Pitcairn Islands',
'America/Los_Angeles'=>'(GMT-08:00) Pacific Time (US & Canada)',
'America/Denver'=>'(GMT-07:00) Mountain Time (US & Canada)',
'America/Chihuahua'=>'(GMT-07:00) Chihuahua, La Paz, Mazatlan',
'America/Dawson_Creek'=>'(GMT-07:00) Arizona',
'America/Belize'=>'(GMT-06:00) Saskatchewan, Central America',
'America/Cancun'=>'(GMT-06:00) Guadalajara, Mexico City, Monterrey',
'Chile/EasterIsland'=>'(GMT-06:00) Easter Island',
'America/Chicago'=>'(GMT-06:00) Central Time (US & Canada)',
'America/New_York'=>'(GMT-05:00) Eastern Time (US & Canada)',
'America/Havana'=>'(GMT-05:00) Cuba',
'America/Bogota'=>'(GMT-05:00) Bogota, Lima, Quito, Rio Branco',
'America/Caracas'=>'(GMT-04:30) Caracas',
'America/Santiago'=>'(GMT-04:00) Santiago',
'America/La_Paz'=>'(GMT-04:00) La Paz',
'Atlantic/Stanley'=>'(GMT-04:00) Faukland Islands',
'America/Campo_Grande'=>'(GMT-04:00) Brazil',
'America/Goose_Bay'=>'(GMT-04:00) Atlantic Time (Goose Bay)',
'America/Glace_Bay'=>'(GMT-04:00) Atlantic Time (Canada)',
'America/St_Johns'=>'(GMT-03:30) Newfoundland',
'America/Araguaina'=>'(GMT-03:00) UTC-3',
'America/Montevideo'=>'(GMT-03:00) Montevideo',
'America/Miquelon'=>'(GMT-03:00) Miquelon, St. Pierre',
'America/Godthab'=>'(GMT-03:00) Greenland',
'America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires'=>'(GMT-03:00) Buenos Aires',
'America/Sao_Paulo'=>'(GMT-03:00) Brasilia',
'America/Noronha'=>'(GMT-02:00) Mid-Atlantic',
'Atlantic/Cape_Verde'=>'(GMT-01:00) Cape Verde Is.',
'Atlantic/Azores'=>'(GMT-01:00) Azores',
'Europe/Belfast'=>'(GMT) Greenwich Mean Time : Belfast',
'Europe/Dublin'=>'(GMT) Greenwich Mean Time : Dublin',
'Europe/Lisbon'=>'(GMT) Greenwich Mean Time : Lisbon',
'Europe/London'=>'(GMT) Greenwich Mean Time : London',
'Africa/Abidjan'=>'(GMT) Monrovia, Reykjavik',
'Europe/Amsterdam'=>'(GMT+01:00) Amsterdam, Berlin, Bern, Rome, Stockholm, Vienna',
'Europe/Belgrade'=>'(GMT+01:00) Belgrade, Bratislava, Budapest, Ljubljana, Prague',
'Europe/Brussels'=>'(GMT+01:00) Brussels, Copenhagen, Madrid, Paris',
'Africa/Algiers'=>'(GMT+01:00) West Central Africa',
'Africa/Windhoek'=>'(GMT+01:00) Windhoek',
'Asia/Beirut'=>'(GMT+02:00) Beirut',
'Africa/Cairo'=>'(GMT+02:00) Cairo',
'Asia/Gaza'=>'(GMT+02:00) Gaza',
'Africa/Blantyre'=>'(GMT+02:00) Harare, Pretoria',
'Asia/Jerusalem'=>'(GMT+02:00) Jerusalem',
'Europe/Minsk'=>'(GMT+02:00) Minsk',
'Asia/Damascus'=>'(GMT+02:00) Syria',
'Europe/Moscow'=>'(GMT+03:00) Moscow, St. Petersburg, Volgograd',
'Africa/Addis_Ababa'=>'(GMT+03:00) Nairobi',
'Asia/Tehran'=>'(GMT+03:30) Tehran',
'Asia/Dubai'=>'(GMT+04:00) Abu Dhabi, Muscat',
'Asia/Yerevan'=>'(GMT+04:00) Yerevan',
'Asia/Kabul'=>'(GMT+04:30) Kabul',
'Asia/Yekaterinburg'=>'(GMT+05:00) Ekaterinburg',
'Asia/Tashkent'=>'(GMT+05:00) Tashkent',
'Asia/Kolkata'=>'(GMT+05:30) Chennai, Kolkata, Mumbai, New Delhi',
'Asia/Katmandu'=>'(GMT+05:45) Kathmandu',
'Asia/Dhaka'=>'(GMT+06:00) Astana, Dhaka',
'Asia/Novosibirsk'=>'(GMT+06:00) Novosibirsk',
'Asia/Rangoon'=>'(GMT+06:30) Yangon (Rangoon)',
'Asia/Bangkok'=>'(GMT+07:00) Bangkok, Hanoi, Jakarta',
'Asia/Krasnoyarsk'=>'(GMT+07:00) Krasnoyarsk',
'Asia/Hong_Kong'=>'(GMT+08:00) Beijing, Chongqing, Hong Kong, Urumqi',
'Asia/Irkutsk'=>'(GMT+08:00) Irkutsk, Ulaan Bataar',
'Australia/Perth'=>'(GMT+08:00) Perth',
'Australia/Eucla'=>'(GMT+08:45) Eucla',
'Asia/Tokyo'=>'(GMT+09:00) Osaka, Sapporo, Tokyo',
'Asia/Seoul'=>'(GMT+09:00) Seoul',
'Asia/Yakutsk'=>'(GMT+09:00) Yakutsk',
'Australia/Adelaide'=>'(GMT+09:30) Adelaide',
'Australia/Darwin'=>'(GMT+09:30) Darwin',
'Australia/Brisbane'=>'(GMT+10:00) Brisbane',
'Australia/Hobart'=>'(GMT+10:00) Hobart',
'Asia/Vladivostok'=>'(GMT+10:00) Vladivostok',
'Australia/Lord_Howe'=>'(GMT+10:30) Lord Howe Island',
'Etc/GMT-11'=>'(GMT+11:00) Solomon Is., New Caledonia',
'Asia/Magadan'=>'(GMT+11:00) Magadan',
'Pacific/Norfolk'=>'(GMT+11:30) Norfolk Island',
'Asia/Anadyr'=>'(GMT+12:00) Anadyr, Kamchatka',
'Pacific/Auckland'=>'(GMT+12:00) Auckland, Wellington',
'Etc/GMT-12'=>'(GMT+12:00) Fiji, Kamchatka, Marshall Is.',
'Pacific/Chatham'=>'(GMT+12:45) Chatham Islands',
'Pacific/Tongatapu'=>'(GMT+13:00) Nuku\'alofa',
'Pacific/Kiritimati'=>'(GMT+14:00) Kiritimati'
);