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php - WordPress 管理面板中的简单上传表单字段

转载 作者:可可西里 更新时间:2023-10-31 23:07:43 25 4
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根据Simple upload field for WordPress通过 Nicolas Kuttler,可以创建自定义上传表单字段。但是,引入的代码只是函数。我想知道如何使用它。

有人可以提供一个工作示例吗?如果代码提供上传文件的功能,那么代码是否属于该页面对我来说并不重要。我希望能够通过管理面板上传文件。

[编辑]

我想上传除图像之外的文件,包括文本文件和 xml。我也想在没有 javascript 的情况下实现它。目前还没有发布有效的答案。 (不过,我很欣赏已发布的信息作为答案。)

提前致谢。

建议sample plugin不允许用户与上传框交互。我附上了下面的截图。

enter image description here

最佳答案

对于想要了解更多关于文件上传的任何人,这里有一个涵盖主要主题和痛点的快速入门。这是在 Linux 机器上使用 WordPress 3.0 编写的,代码只是教授概念的基本概述——我相信这里的一些人可以提供改进实现的建议。
概述您的基本方法

至少有三种方法可以将图像与帖子相关联:使用 post_meta 字段存储图像路径,使用 post_meta 字段存储图像的媒体库 ID(稍后会详细介绍),或将图像作为附件分配给帖子。此示例将使用 post_meta 字段来存储图像的媒体库 ID。天啊。
多部分编码

默认情况下,WordPress 的创建和编辑表单没有 enctype。如果你想上传一个文件,你需要在表单标签中添加一个“enctype='multipart/form-data'”——否则 $_FILES 集合根本不会被推送。在 WordPress 3.0 中,有一个钩子(Hook)。在某些以前的版本中(不确定细节),您必须用字符串替换表单标签。

function xxxx_add_edit_form_multipart_encoding() 
{

echo ' enctype="multipart/form-data"';

}
add_action('post_edit_form_tag', 'xxxx_add_edit_form_multipart_encoding');

创建元框和上传字段

我不会深入创建元框,因为你们中的大多数人可能已经知道如何去做,但我只想说你只需要一个简单的元框,其中包含一个文件字段。在下面的示例中,我包含了一些代码来查找现有图像,如果存在则显示它。我还包含了一些使用 post_meta 字段传递错误的简单错误/反馈功能。你会想要改变它以使用 WP_Error 类......它只是为了演示。
 // If there is an existing image, show it
if($existing_image) {

echo '<div>Attached Image ID: ' . $existing_image . '</div>';

}

echo 'Upload an image: <input type="file" name="xxxx_image" id="xxxx_image" />';

// See if there's a status message to display (we're using this to show errors during the upload process, though we should probably be using the WP_error class)
$status_message = get_post_meta($post->ID,'_xxxx_attached_image_upload_feedback', true);

// Show an error message if there is one
if($status_message) {

echo '<div class="upload_status_message">';
echo $status_message;
echo '</div>';

}

// Put in a hidden flag. This helps differentiate between manual saves and auto-saves (in auto-saves, the file wouldn't be passed).
echo '<input type="hidden" name="xxxx_manual_save_flag" value="true" />';

}



function xxxx_setup_meta_boxes() {

// Add the box to a particular custom content type page
add_meta_box('xxxx_image_box', 'Upload Image', 'xxxx_render_image_attachment_box', 'post', 'normal', 'high');

}
add_action('admin_init','xxxx_setup_meta_boxes');

处理文件上传

这是最大的一个——实际上是通过连接到 save_post 操作来处理文件上传。我在下面包含了一个被大量评论的函数,但我想注意它使用的两个关键 WordPress 函数:

wp_handle_upload() 完成了处理上传的所有魔法。您只需将一个对 $_FILES 数组中的字段的引用和一组选项传递给它(不要太担心这些——您需要设置的唯一重要的是 test_form=false。相信我)。但是,此功能不会将上传的文件添加到媒体库中。它只执行上传并返回新文件的路径(以及方便的完整 URL)。如果有问题,它会返回一个错误。

wp_insert_attachment() 将图像添加到媒体库,并生成所有适当的缩略图。您只需将一组选项(标题、帖子状态等)和本地路径(不是 URL)传递给您刚刚上传的文件。将图像放入媒体库的好处在于,您可以稍后通过调用 wp_delete_attachment 并将项目的媒体库 ID(我在下面的函数中执行)轻松删除所有文件。使用此函数,您还需要使用 wp_generate_attachment_metadata() 和 wp_update_attachment_metadata(),它们完全符合您的期望——为媒体项目生成元数据。
function xxxx_update_post($post_id, $post) {

// Get the post type. Since this function will run for ALL post saves (no matter what post type), we need to know this.
// It's also important to note that the save_post action can runs multiple times on every post save, so you need to check and make sure the
// post type in the passed object isn't "revision"
$post_type = $post->post_type;

// Make sure our flag is in there, otherwise it's an autosave and we should bail.
if($post_id && isset($_POST['xxxx_manual_save_flag'])) {

// Logic to handle specific post types
switch($post_type) {

// If this is a post. You can change this case to reflect your custom post slug
case 'post':

// HANDLE THE FILE UPLOAD

// If the upload field has a file in it
if(isset($_FILES['xxxx_image']) && ($_FILES['xxxx_image']['size'] > 0)) {

// Get the type of the uploaded file. This is returned as "type/extension"
$arr_file_type = wp_check_filetype(basename($_FILES['xxxx_image']['name']));
$uploaded_file_type = $arr_file_type['type'];

// Set an array containing a list of acceptable formats
$allowed_file_types = array('image/jpg','image/jpeg','image/gif','image/png');

// If the uploaded file is the right format
if(in_array($uploaded_file_type, $allowed_file_types)) {

// Options array for the wp_handle_upload function. 'test_upload' => false
$upload_overrides = array( 'test_form' => false );

// Handle the upload using WP's wp_handle_upload function. Takes the posted file and an options array
$uploaded_file = wp_handle_upload($_FILES['xxxx_image'], $upload_overrides);

// If the wp_handle_upload call returned a local path for the image
if(isset($uploaded_file['file'])) {

// The wp_insert_attachment function needs the literal system path, which was passed back from wp_handle_upload
$file_name_and_location = $uploaded_file['file'];

// Generate a title for the image that'll be used in the media library
$file_title_for_media_library = 'your title here';

// Set up options array to add this file as an attachment
$attachment = array(
'post_mime_type' => $uploaded_file_type,
'post_title' => 'Uploaded image ' . addslashes($file_title_for_media_library),
'post_content' => '',
'post_status' => 'inherit'
);

// Run the wp_insert_attachment function. This adds the file to the media library and generates the thumbnails. If you wanted to attch this image to a post, you could pass the post id as a third param and it'd magically happen.
$attach_id = wp_insert_attachment( $attachment, $file_name_and_location );
require_once(ABSPATH . "wp-admin" . '/includes/image.php');
$attach_data = wp_generate_attachment_metadata( $attach_id, $file_name_and_location );
wp_update_attachment_metadata($attach_id, $attach_data);

// Before we update the post meta, trash any previously uploaded image for this post.
// You might not want this behavior, depending on how you're using the uploaded images.
$existing_uploaded_image = (int) get_post_meta($post_id,'_xxxx_attached_image', true);
if(is_numeric($existing_uploaded_image)) {
wp_delete_attachment($existing_uploaded_image);
}

// Now, update the post meta to associate the new image with the post
update_post_meta($post_id,'_xxxx_attached_image',$attach_id);

// Set the feedback flag to false, since the upload was successful
$upload_feedback = false;


} else { // wp_handle_upload returned some kind of error. the return does contain error details, so you can use it here if you want.

$upload_feedback = 'There was a problem with your upload.';
update_post_meta($post_id,'_xxxx_attached_image',$attach_id);

}

} else { // wrong file type

$upload_feedback = 'Please upload only image files (jpg, gif or png).';
update_post_meta($post_id,'_xxxx_attached_image',$attach_id);

}

} else { // No file was passed

$upload_feedback = false;

}

// Update the post meta with any feedback
update_post_meta($post_id,'_xxxx_attached_image_upload_feedback',$upload_feedback);

break;

default:

} // End switch

return;

} // End if manual save flag

return;

}
add_action('save_post','xxxx_update_post',1,2);

权限、所有权和安全性

如果您在上传时遇到问题,可能与权限有关。我不是服务器配置方面的专家,所以如果这部分有问题,请纠正我。

首先,确保您的 wp-content/uploads 文件夹存在,并且归 apache:apache 所有。如果是这样,您应该能够将权限设置为 744,一切都应该正常工作。所有权很重要——如果目录没有正确拥有,即使将 perms 设置为 777 有时也无济于事。

您还应该考虑限制使用 htaccess 文件上传和执行的文件类型。这可以防止人们上传不是图像的文件,以及执行伪装成图像的脚本。您可能应该在谷歌上搜索更多权威信息,但您可以像这样进行简单的文件类型限制:
<Files ^(*.jpeg|*.jpg|*.png|*.gif)>
order deny,allow
deny from all
</Files>

关于php - WordPress 管理面板中的简单上传表单字段,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12876047/

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