android - 如何在 BroadcastReceiver 中测试对 PendingIntent.getBroadcast(...) 的静态调用

Question

我真的迷失在这个问题上。我确实构建了以下 BroadcastReceiver

package ch.pas.smslistenerservice.receiver;

import ch.pas.smslistenerservice.service.SMSListenerService;
import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.util.Log;

public class Resend extends BroadcastReceiver {
    private static String logTag = "ch.pas.smslistenerservice.resend";

    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        if(intent.getAction().equals("android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED")) { return; }

        Log.i(logTag, "Resend received");

        PendingIntent pIntent = getPendingIntent(context);
        if(pIntent != null) { 
            Log.d(logTag, "Canceling intent");
            pIntent.cancel(); 
        }

        Log.d(logTag, "Starting service...");
        Intent serviceIntent = new Intent(context, SMSListenerService.class);
        serviceIntent.putExtra(SMSListenerService.EXTRA_TYPE, SMSListenerService.TYPE_RESEND);
        context.startService(serviceIntent);
    }

    protected PendingIntent getPendingIntent(Context context) {
        return PendingIntent.getBroadcast(context, 0, 
                new Intent("ch.pas.smslistenerservice.RESEND"), 
                PendingIntent.FLAG_NO_CREATE);
    }
}

我尝试测试 if 语句，我很想测试 PendingIntent 对象是否收到取消消息。

if(pIntent != null) { 
    Log.d(logTag, "Canceling intent");
    pIntent.cancel(); 
 }

我尝试的是:

1. 分解出检索待定 Intent 的方法，然后使用 mockito 模拟返回的 PendingIntent。这没有成功，因为 Mockito 无法模拟最终类(如 PendingIntent)。
2. 使用 PowerMock 模拟静态调用 PendingIntent.getBroadcast(...) 但这没有成功，因为 PowerMock 不能在 Android 上运行，如果我在 JVM 上运行这个测试，我会得到一个带有“Stub!”的 RuntimeException。因为我正在扩展仅适用于 Android 的 BroadcastReceiver。

我知道在那种情况下测试它没有太大意义，因为在 if 语句中没有太多逻辑要测试，但如果有更多怎么办？

Answer 1

通过结合使用 PowerMock、Mockito 和 Robolectric(<= 这是缺少的变量)解决了这个问题。使用 Robolectric 来隐藏(模拟)对 PendingIntent.getBroadcast(...) 的静态调用并注入(inject)模拟的 PendingIntent。

import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.mockito.ArgumentCaptor;
import org.mockito.Mockito;

import static org.junit.Assert.*;
import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;

import org.powermock.api.mockito.PowerMockito;
import org.robolectric.*;
import org.robolectric.annotation.Config;

import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;

import ch.pas.smslistenerservice.receiver.Resend;
import ch.pas.smslistenerservice.service.SMSListenerService;

@Config(shadows=CustomShadowPendingIntent.class)
@RunWith(RobolectricTestRunner.class)
public class ResendTest {
    Resend receiver;
    Context context;
    PendingIntent pendingIntent;

    @Before
    public void before() {
        context = Mockito.mock(Context.class);
        pendingIntent = PowerMockito.mock(PendingIntent.class);
        receiver = new Resend();
    }

    @Test
    public void testStartServiceWithoutExistingPendingIntent() {
        CustomShadowPendingIntent.setPendingIntent(null);

        Intent intent = new Intent("ch.pas.smslistenerservice.RESEND");
        receiver.onReceive(context, intent);      

        ArgumentCaptor<Intent> argument = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(Intent.class);
        verify(context).startService(argument.capture());
        Intent capturedIntent = argument.getValue();
        assertFalse(-1 == capturedIntent.getIntExtra(SMSListenerService.EXTRA_TYPE, -1));
        assertEquals(SMSListenerService.TYPE_RESEND, 
                capturedIntent.getIntExtra(SMSListenerService.EXTRA_TYPE, -1));
    }

    @Test
    public void testStartServiceWithExistingPendingIntent() {
        CustomShadowPendingIntent.setPendingIntent(pendingIntent);

        Intent intent = new Intent("ch.pas.smslistenerservice.RESEND");
        receiver.onReceive(context, intent);      

        verify(pendingIntent, times(1)).cancel();

        ArgumentCaptor<Intent> argument = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(Intent.class);
        verify(context).startService(argument.capture());
        Intent capturedIntent = argument.getValue();
        assertFalse(-1 == capturedIntent.getIntExtra(SMSListenerService.EXTRA_TYPE, -1));
        assertEquals(SMSListenerService.TYPE_RESEND, 
                capturedIntent.getIntExtra(SMSListenerService.EXTRA_TYPE, -1));
    }
}

还有阴影的 PendingIntent:

import org.robolectric.annotation.Implementation;
import org.robolectric.annotation.Implements;

import android.app.PendingIntent;

@Implements(PendingIntent.class)
public class CustomShadowPendingIntent 
    extends org.robolectric.shadows.ShadowPendingIntent {
    private static PendingIntent pendingIntentMock;

    public static void setPendingIntent(PendingIntent intent) {
        pendingIntentMock = intent;
    }

    @Implementation
    public static PendingIntent getBroadcast(android.content.Context context, 
            int requestCode, android.content.Intent intent, int flags) {
        return pendingIntentMock;
    }
}