swift - osx Metal 不渲染

Question

我关注了this tutorial ，从 iOS 推断到 OS X，一切都编译得很好，除了我没有得到任何渲染(甚至是清晰的颜色)而没有任何错误。谁能看看并告诉我我在这里做错了什么？我无法像教程中那样在 iOS 上对此进行测试，因为 iOS 模拟器尚不支持 Metal。

我有一个用于 Metal Rendering 的自定义 View 。我没有添加子层(就像在教程中那样)，因为该层是nil。我想我需要以某种方式激活它，但我不知道如何。

import Cocoa
import Metal
import QuartzCore

class MetalView: NSView {

    var device: MTLDevice!
    var pipelineState: MTLRenderPipelineState!
    var commandQueue: MTLCommandQueue!
    var renderPassDescriptor: MTLRenderPassDescriptor!
    var vertexBuffer: MTLBuffer!

    var drawable: CAMetalDrawable {
        return (layer as! CAMetalLayer).nextDrawable()!
    }

    override func awakeFromNib() {
        // Device
        device = MTLCreateSystemDefaultDevice()

        // Layer
        let metalLayer = CAMetalLayer()
        metalLayer.device = device
        metalLayer.pixelFormat = .BGRA8Unorm
        metalLayer.framebufferOnly = true
        metalLayer.frame = frame
        layer = metalLayer

        // Pipeline State
        let defaultLibrary = device.newDefaultLibrary()
        let fragmentProgram = defaultLibrary!.newFunctionWithName("basic_fragment")
        let vertexProgram = defaultLibrary!.newFunctionWithName("basic_vertex")

        let pipelineStateDescriptor = MTLRenderPipelineDescriptor()
        pipelineStateDescriptor.vertexFunction = vertexProgram
        pipelineStateDescriptor.fragmentFunction = fragmentProgram
        pipelineStateDescriptor.colorAttachments[0].pixelFormat = .BGRA8Unorm

        do
        {
            try pipelineState = device.newRenderPipelineStateWithDescriptor(pipelineStateDescriptor)

        }
        catch let error as NSError {
            NSLog("Failed to create pipeline state, error \(error)")
        }

        // Command Queue
        commandQueue = device.newCommandQueue()

        // Render Pass Descriptor
        renderPassDescriptor = MTLRenderPassDescriptor()
        renderPassDescriptor.colorAttachments[0].texture = drawable.texture
        renderPassDescriptor.colorAttachments[0].loadAction = .Clear
        renderPassDescriptor.colorAttachments[0].clearColor = MTLClearColor(red: 0.75, green: 0.5, blue: 0.0, alpha: 1.0)

        // Vertex Buffer
        let vertexData:[Float] = [
             0.0,  1.0, 0.0,
            -1.0, -1.0, 0.0,
             1.0, -1.0, 0.0
        ]
        vertexBuffer = device.newBufferWithBytes(vertexData, length: vertexData.count * sizeofValue(vertexData[0]), options: MTLResourceOptions())
    }

    override func drawRect(dirtyRect: NSRect) {
        let commandBuffer = commandQueue.commandBuffer()
        let renderEncoder = commandBuffer.renderCommandEncoderWithDescriptor(renderPassDescriptor)
        renderEncoder.setRenderPipelineState(pipelineState)
        renderEncoder.setVertexBuffer(vertexBuffer, offset: 0, atIndex: 0)
        renderEncoder.drawPrimitives(.Triangle, vertexStart: 0, vertexCount: 3, instanceCount: 1)
        renderEncoder.endEncoding()

        commandBuffer.presentDrawable(drawable)
        commandBuffer.commit()
    }

}

我有以下着色器代码:

#include <metal_stdlib>
using namespace metal;

struct VertexIn
{
    packed_float3 position;
};

vertex float4 basic_vertex(
    const device VertexIn* vertex_array [[ buffer(0) ]],
    unsigned int vertex_id [[ vertex_id ]])
{
    return float4(vertex_array[vertex_id].position, 1.0);
}

fragment half4 basic_fragment()
{
    return half4(1.0);
}

Answer 1

直接设置 View 的 layer 属性是必要的，但不足以创建所谓的 layer-hosting view。您可以阅读层托管和层支持之间的区别 here .

您几乎肯定想要一个layer-backed View 。为此，请覆盖 makeBackingLayer 方法，您将在该方法中创建和配置 Metal 层，然后将其返回。然后，在 View 生命周期的早期(最好是在其初始化程序中)，将 wantsLayer 属性设置为 YES。这应该足以让您的图层出现在屏幕上。