ios - 设置间距时 UIStackView 的约束会中断

Question

当我尝试使用 UIStackView 时，XCode 抛出以下约束错误:

(
    "<NSAutoresizingMaskLayoutConstraint:0x7f87a1dfa360 h=--& v=--& V:[UIStackView:0x7f87a6403a00(0)]>",
    "<NSLayoutConstraint:0x7f87a6410590 'UISV-canvas-connection' UIStackView:0x7f87a6403a00.top == UIView:0x7f87a6409630.top>",
    "<NSLayoutConstraint:0x7f87a6444170 'UISV-canvas-connection' V:[UIView:0x7f87a644d790]-(0)-|   (Names: '|':UIStackView:0x7f87a6403a00 )>",
    "<NSLayoutConstraint:0x7f87a645bec0 'UISV-fill-equally' UIView:0x7f87a6407a10.height == UIView:0x7f87a6409630.height>",
    "<NSLayoutConstraint:0x7f87a6458f40 'UISV-fill-equally' UIView:0x7f87a644d790.height == UIView:0x7f87a6409630.height>",
    "<NSLayoutConstraint:0x7f87a64306d0 'UISV-spacing' V:[UIView:0x7f87a6409630]-(5)-[UIView:0x7f87a6407a10]>",
    "<NSLayoutConstraint:0x7f87a643bea0 'UISV-spacing' V:[UIView:0x7f87a6407a10]-(5)-[UIView:0x7f87a644d790]>"
)

Will attempt to recover by breaking constraint 
<NSLayoutConstraint:0x7f87a643bea0 'UISV-spacing' V:[UIView:0x7f87a6407a10]-(5)-[UIView:0x7f87a644d790]>

我的 View Controller 如下:

public class ExampleController: UIViewController {

    let v1 = UIView(frame: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 250, height: 100))

    let v2 = UIView(frame: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 250, height: 300))

    let v3 = UIView(frame: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 250, height: 200))

    let parent1 = UIStackView()


    public override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()

        v1.backgroundColor = .red
        v2.backgroundColor = .green
        v3.backgroundColor = .blue

        parent1.axis = .vertical
        parent1.distribution = .fillEqually
        parent1.spacing = 5 // TODO: This causes the error!

        parent1.addArrangedSubview(v1)
        parent1.addArrangedSubview(v2)
        parent1.addArrangedSubview(v3)

        view.addSubview(parent1)
    }

    // MARK: Constraints

    private var didUpdateConstraints = false

    override public func updateViewConstraints() {
        if !didUpdateConstraints {

            parent1.snp.makeConstraints { (make) -> Void in
                make.edges.equalToSuperview()
            }

            didUpdateConstraints = true
        }
        super.updateViewConstraints()
    }
}

堆栈 View 的分布似乎没有什么不同。每当设置间距时，我都会收到错误消息。

---

1. 与我的约束有什么冲突？

2. 什么是UISV-canvas-connection？

Answer 1

它实际上并没有因为间距而断裂。它因为您创建 View 的方式而中断 :D

当你创建一个像...这样的 View 时

let v1 = UIView(frame: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 250, height: 100))

当 View 被布局时，它会添加一组默认的约束。 UIStackView 也是如此。

当你创建它时...

let parent1 = UIStackView()

它获得一个 (0, 0, 0, 0) 的框架，然后向其添加约束以保持该框架的位置和高度。

你得到的错误是因为堆栈 View 的高度和宽度。

<NSAutoresizingMaskLayoutConstraint:0x7f87a1dfa360 h=--& v=--& V:[UIStackView:0x7f87a6403a00(0)]>

这一行指的是那些“自动”约束。

您最好的选择是使用约束重新创建 View 的宽度和高度。

像这样...

// using this format means you can create the view and add all the
// other config to it at the same time
let v1: UIView = {
    let u = UIView()

    // this line stops the "automatic" constraints being added
    u.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false

    u.backgroundColor = .red

    // now you have to add your own constraints though
    u.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 100).isActive = true
    u.widthAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 250).isActive = true
    return u
}()

let v2: UIView = {
    let u = UIView()
    u.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
    u.backgroundColor = .green
    u.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 100).isActive = true
    u.widthAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 250).isActive = true
    return u
}()

let v3: UIView = {
    let u = UIView()
    u.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
    u.backgroundColor = .blue
    u.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 100).isActive = true
    u.widthAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 250).isActive = true
    return u
}()

let parent1: UIStackView = {
    let s = UIStackView()
    s.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
    s.spacing = 5
    s.axis = .vertical
    s.distirbution = .fillEqually
    return s
}()

public override func viewDidLoad() {
    super.viewDidLoad()

    // I moved all the config stuff into the creation of each view...
    // No need to have them here.

    parent1.addArrangedSubview(v1)
    parent1.addArrangedSubview(v2)
    parent1.addArrangedSubview(v3)

    view.addSubview(parent1)
}

这里有个警告。

您正在堆栈 View 中使用 .fillEqually。这将使每个 View 的高度彼此相等。这将与您添加到它们的高度约束冲突。也许您应该完全移除每个 View 的约束，让堆栈 View 进行布局。

像这样...

let v2: UIView = {
    let u = UIView()
    u.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
    u.backgroundColor = .green
    return u
}()