Java Swing 模块化配色方案

Question

我正在使用 Java 的 Swing 工具包设置一个大型 GUI(比我以前做过的任何东西都大)，我想设置我自己的自定义配色方案来绘制颜色，以便所有颜色定义都在一个地方。为此，我决定制作一个名为 ColorPalette 的伪静态顶级类(应用自 https://stackoverflow.com/a/7486111/4547020 帖子)，其中包含一个 SchemeEnum 程序员在其中设置整个 GUI 的配色方案。

我希望颜色选择独立于配色方案知识。有谁知道设计模式或有效的方法来做到这一点？我不完全相信我当前的设置是实现此目的的最佳方式，但我想设置一个模块化设计，在其中添加更多 ColorEnums 或 SchemeEnums(在编译时，而非运行时)。

为了清楚起见，我希望程序员能够简单地选择一个 ColorEnum 并返回一个 java.awt.Color 对象基于 ColorEnum 和定义的 SchemeEnum。

例如:

        // Use the BASIC color scheme
        ColorPalette.setCurrentScheme(ColorPalette.SchemeEnum.BASIC);

        // Set button backgrounds
        testButton.setBackground(ColorPalette.ColorEnum.DARK_RED.getColor());
        testButton2.setBackground(ColorPalette.ColorEnum.BLUE.getColor());

应该返回不同于

的 Color对象

        // Use the DARK color scheme
        ColorPalette.setCurrentScheme(ColorPalette.SchemeEnum.DARK);

        // Set button backgrounds
        testButton.setBackground(ColorPalette.ColorEnum.DARK_RED.getColor());
        testButton2.setBackground(ColorPalette.ColorEnum.BLUE.getColor());

因为它们有不同的 SchemeEnums，即使它们从 ColorPalette 请求相同的颜色。这样，更改 SchemeEnum 只需更改一行代码即可更改 GUI 中的每种颜色(或者甚至可以在运行时更改颜色)。

我听说过 HashTables 被用于像这样的大数据存储，但我不知道它们是如何工作的。这可能适用于此吗？

到目前为止，这是我的代码。提前致谢!

package common.lookandfeel;

import java.awt.Color;

/**
 * Class which contains the members for the color scheme used throughout the project.
 * <p>This class is essentially static (no constructor, class is final, all members static) and
 * should not be instantiated.
 */
public final class ColorPalette
{
    /**
     * The list of color schemes to choose from.
     */
    public static enum SchemeEnum
    {
        BASIC, DARK, METALLIC
    }

    /**
     * The list of color descriptions to choose from.
     */
    public static enum ColorEnum
    {
        LIGHT_RED(256,0,0), RED(192,0,0), DARK_RED(128,0,0),
        LIGHT_GREEN(0,256,0), GREEN(0,192,0), DARK_GREEN(0,128,0),
        LIGHT_BLUE(0,0,256), BLUE(0,0,192), DARK_BLUE(0,0,128),
        LIGHT_ORANGE(256,102,0), ORANGE(256,102,0), DARK_ORANGE(192,88,0),
        LIGHT_YELLOW(256,204,0), YELLOW(256,204,0), DARK_YELLOW(192,150,0),
        LIGHT_PURPLE(136,0,182), PURPLE(102,0,153), DARK_PURPLE(78,0,124);

        private int red;
        private int green;
        private int blue;

        private ColorEnum(int r, int g, int b)
        {
            this.red = r;
            this.green = g;
            this.blue = b;
        }

        /**
         * Get the selected color object for this Enum.
         * @return The color description as a Color object.
         */
        public Color getColor()
        {
            // WANT TO RETURN A COLOR BASED ON currentScheme
            return new Color(red, green, blue);
        }
    }

    private static SchemeEnum currentScheme = SchemeEnum.BASIC;

    /**
     * Default constructor is private to prevent instantiation of this makeshift 'static' class.
     */
    private ColorPalette()
    {
    }

    /**
     * Get the color scheme being used on this project.
     * @return The current color scheme in use on this project.
     */
    public static SchemeEnum getCurrentScheme()
    {
        return currentScheme;
    }

    /**
     * Set the overall color scheme of this project.
     * @param currentPalette The color scheme to set for use on this project.
     */
    public static void setCurrentScheme(SchemeEnum cp)
    {
        currentScheme = cp;
    }

    /**
     * Main method for test purposes only.  Unpredictable results.
     * @param args Command line arguments.  Should not be present.
     */
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        // Declare and define swing data members
        JFrame frame = new JFrame("Test Environment");
        CustomButton testButton = new CustomButton ("Hello World");
        CustomButton testButton2 = new CustomButton ("I am a button!");

        // Use a particular color scheme
        ColorPalette.setCurrentScheme(ColorPalette.SchemeEnum.BASIC);

        // Set button backgrounds
        testButton.setBackground(ColorPalette.ColorEnum.DARK_RED.getColor());
        testButton2.setBackground(ColorPalette.ColorEnum.BLUE.getColor());

        // Place swing components in Frame
        frame.getContentPane().setLayout(new BorderLayout());
        frame.getContentPane().add(testButton, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.getContentPane().add(testButton2, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);

        // Set allocated memory to null
        frame = null;
        testButton = null;
        testButton2 = null;

        // Suggest garbage collecting to deallocate memory
        System.gc();
    }
}

Answer 1

看起来和听起来您只需要将 SchemeEnum 组合成由 ColorEnum 组成，就像您让 ColorEnum 由 rgb 值组成一样。

public static enum SchemeEnum
{
    // Don't really know what colors you actually want
    BASIC(ColorEnum.RED, ColorEnum.GREEN, ColorEnum.ORANGE),
    DARK(ColorEnum.DARK_RED, ColorEnum.DARK_GREEN, ColorEnum.DARK_ORANGE),
    METALLIC(ColorEnum.LIGHT_RED, ColorEnum.LIGHT_GREEN, ColorEnum.LIGHT_ORANGE);

    // nor know how many colors make up a scheme
    public ColorEnum mainColor;
    public ColorEnum secondaryColor;
    public ColorEnum borderColor;

    private SchemeEnum(ColorEnum mainColor, ColorEnum secondaryColor, 
                       ColorEnum borderColor)
    {
        this.mainColor = mainColor;
        this.secondaryColor = secondaryColor;
        this.borderColor = borderColor;
    }
}

然后，使用如下代码，其中颜色基于所选方案:

testButton.setBackground(ColorPalette.getCurrentScheme().mainColor.getColor());