java - 如何在 Java Swing 中编写此 GUI

Question

我目前正在使用以下 GUI 开发一个小型实用程序:

现在我有一个带有 BorderLayout 布局的容器 (JPanel)，可以将所有内容固定到位。我在 BorderLayout.NORTH 和 BorderLayout.SOUTH 上分别放置了另外 2 个 JPanel，每个都有 GridLayout(2 列乘 1 行)。该表位于位于其中心的主容器上。

您认为这是最好的方法吗？我很难处理组件和框架边框之间的间距。

现在我有这段代码:

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.GridLayout;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JMenu;
import javax.swing.JMenuBar;
import javax.swing.JMenuItem;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JSeparator;
import javax.swing.JTable;
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;

public class GUI extends JFrame {

    private JButton loadFileBtn = new JButton("Load File");
    private JButton generateReportBtn = new JButton("Generate Report");
    private JButton exitBtn = new JButton("Exit");
    private JLabel fileNameLbl = new JLabel("File Name Here");
    private JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar();
    private JMenu fileMI = new JMenu("File");
    private JMenuItem openFileMenu = new JMenuItem("Open File");
    private JSeparator separator = new JSeparator();
    private JMenuItem exitMenu = new JMenuItem("Exit");
    private JMenu reportMI = new JMenu("Report");
    private JMenuItem generateReportMenu = new JMenuItem("Generate Report");
    private JMenu helpMI = new JMenu("Help");
    private JMenuItem aboutMenu = new JMenuItem("About");
    private JTable table = new JTable(5, 2);
    private JPanel mainPanel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout(10, 10));
    private JPanel panel1 = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
    private JPanel panel2 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 2));
    private JPanel panel3 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 2));

    public GUI() {

        super("Sample GUI");

        setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        setSize(new Dimension(300, 300));
        setResizable(false);

        setLayout(new BorderLayout(10, 10));

        fileMI.add(openFileMenu);
        fileMI.add(separator);
        fileMI.add(exitMenu);

        reportMI.add(generateReportMenu);

        helpMI.add(aboutMenu);

        menuBar.add(fileMI);
        menuBar.add(reportMI);
        menuBar.add(helpMI);

        setJMenuBar(menuBar);

        panel1.add(table, BorderLayout.CENTER);

        panel2.add(fileNameLbl);
        panel2.add(loadFileBtn);

        panel3.add(generateReportBtn);
        panel3.add(exitBtn);

        mainPanel.add(panel2, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        mainPanel.add(panel1, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        mainPanel.add(panel3, BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        add(mainPanel);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                GUI app = new GUI();
                app.setVisible(true);
            }
        });
    }
}

您认为最好的方法是什么？

如有任何帮助，我们将不胜感激。谢谢。

更新:

现在，我有以下 GUI

我希望组件与边界均匀隔开，就像在模型中一样。

Answer 1

您可以使用 2 件事来实现这一目标:

1. 使用 BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(int, int, int, int)
2. 使用 GridLayout 的 4-args 构造函数>

还有其他 LayoutManager 可以带来相同的功能(如 GridBagLayout，或使用嵌套的 BorderLayout)，但如果您对当前的 LayoutManager's，没有迫切需要更改为那些。你的做法也是可以接受的。

您可以考虑将表格包装在 JScrollPane 中以使其更好，如果需要，还可以添加标题和滚动条。

小示例代码:

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.GridLayout;

import javax.swing.BorderFactory;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JMenu;
import javax.swing.JMenuBar;
import javax.swing.JMenuItem;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JSeparator;
import javax.swing.JTable;
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;

public class GUI extends JFrame {

    private JButton loadFileBtn = new JButton("Load File");
    private JButton generateReportBtn = new JButton("Generate Report");
    private JButton exitBtn = new JButton("Exit");
    private JLabel fileNameLbl = new JLabel("File Name Here");
    private JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar();
    private JMenu fileMI = new JMenu("File");
    private JMenuItem openFileMenu = new JMenuItem("Open File");
    private JSeparator separator = new JSeparator();
    private JMenuItem exitMenu = new JMenuItem("Exit");
    private JMenu reportMI = new JMenu("Report");
    private JMenuItem generateReportMenu = new JMenuItem("Generate Report");
    private JMenu helpMI = new JMenu("Help");
    private JMenuItem aboutMenu = new JMenuItem("About");
    private JTable table = new JTable(5, 2);
    private JPanel mainPanel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout(10, 10));
    private JPanel panel1 = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
    private JPanel panel2 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 2, 10, 10));
    private JPanel panel3 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 2, 10, 10));

    public GUI() {

        super("Sample GUI");

        setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        setSize(new Dimension(300, 300));
        setResizable(false);

        setLayout(new BorderLayout(10, 10));

        fileMI.add(openFileMenu);
        fileMI.add(separator);
        fileMI.add(exitMenu);

        reportMI.add(generateReportMenu);

        helpMI.add(aboutMenu);

        menuBar.add(fileMI);
        menuBar.add(reportMI);
        menuBar.add(helpMI);

        setJMenuBar(menuBar);

        panel1.add(table, BorderLayout.CENTER);

        panel2.add(fileNameLbl);
        panel2.add(loadFileBtn);

        panel3.add(generateReportBtn);
        panel3.add(exitBtn);

        mainPanel.add(panel2, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        mainPanel.add(panel1, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        mainPanel.add(panel3, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        mainPanel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(10, 10, 10, 10));
        add(mainPanel);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                GUI app = new GUI();
                app.setVisible(true);
            }
        });
    }
}