java - 模拟存储库返回 null

Question

我正在使用 springMVC，我想测试我的服务，但是我的 @Mock 存储库不工作，所以我永远不会得到我的用户，因为我的存储库是空的，我该如何解决这个问题？我在注释中做错了什么吗？

存储库接口(interface):

package br.com.api.model.data;

import br.com.api.model.resources.User;

import java.util.List;

public interface UserDao {
    User findByLoginAndPassword(String login, String password);
    List<User> listAll();
}

存储库实现:

package br.com.api.model.repository;
import br.com.api.model.data.UserDao;
import br.com.api.model.resources.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;


@Repository
public class UserRepository implements UserDao {

    public User findByLoginAndPassword(String login, String password) {
        System.out.println("lets find:");
        User userMatch = new User();
        List<User> users = usersMockup();

        for (User user : users) {
            if(user.getLogin().equals(login)
                    && user.getPassword().equals(password)){
                userMatch = user;
            }
        }

        return userMatch;
    }

    public List<User> listAll() {
        List<User> users = usersMockup();

        return users;
    }


    private List<User> usersMockup(){
        List<User> users = new ArrayList<User>();

        User first = new User();
        first.setLogin("first");
        first.setPassword("teste");

        User scnd = new User();
        scnd.setLogin("second");
        scnd.setPassword("teste");

        users.add(first);
        users.add(scnd);

        return users;
    }
}

这是我的服务:

package br.com.api.model.services;


import br.com.api.model.data.UserDao;
import br.com.api.model.resources.User;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class UserService {

    @Autowired
    private UserDao userRepository;

    public User findUser(String login, String password) {
        User userMatch;
        userMatch = userRepository.findByLoginAndPassword(login, password);

        return  userMatch;
    }
}

这是我的测试:

package br.com.api.model.services;


import br.com.api.model.repository.UserRepository;
import br.com.api.model.resources.User;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
import org.mockito.Mock;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.mockito.InjectMocks;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
public class UserServiceTest {

    @Mock
    UserDao userRepository;

    @InjectMocks
    UserService userService;

    @Before
    public void setUp(){
        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
    }

    @Test
    public void findUser(){

        User user;
        user = userService.findUser("first", "teste");

        assertNotNull(user.getLogin());

    }

}  

Answer 1

我相信您错过了单元测试和模拟的整个概念。

1. 当您对 UserService 进行单元测试时，您不想使用真正的 UserRepository 实现。
2. 您模拟了一个 UserRepository，您不希望模拟对象立即表现得像真实对象一样。您需要弥补它的行为(又名 stub )。
3. 您应该很少需要在单元测试中使用 Spring Runner。

为了决定模拟对象的行为，您必须知道被测系统(SUT，在您的情况下是 UserService)及其依赖项(UserRepository)

在你的情况下，测试应该看起来像(还没有编译，只是告诉你这个想法)

public class UserServiceTest {

    @InjectMocks
    UserService userService;

    @Mock
    UserDao mockUserRepository;

    @Before
    public void setUp(){
        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
    }

    @Test
    public void testFindUser(){
        // Given
        User dummyUser = new User();
        when(mockUserRepository.findByLoginAndPassword(anyString(), anyString()).thenReturn(dummyUser);

        // When
        User result = userService.findUser("first", "teste");

        // Then
        // you are expecting service to return whatever returned by repo
        assertThat("result", result, is(sameInstance(dummUser)));

        // you are expecting repo to be called once with correct param
        verify(mockUserRepository).findByLoginAndPassword("first", "teste");
    }
}