gpt4 book ai didi

node.js - 如何使用 Sinon 对 Node API 进行单元测试(Express with Mongodb)

转载 作者:搜寻专家 更新时间:2023-10-31 23:20:30 25 4
gpt4 key购买 nike

我正在使用 Node 创建一个 API,但我很难理解如何正确地对该 API 进行单元测试。 API 本身使用 Express 和 Mongo(带有 Mongoose)。

到目前为止,我已经能够为 API 端点本身的端到端测试创建集成测试。我使用 supertest、mocha 和 chai 进行集成测试,并使用 dotenv 在运行时使用测试数据库。 npm 测试脚本在集成测试运行之前设置要测试的环境。它运行良好。

但我还想为 Controller 功能等各种组件创建单元测试。

我很想使用 Sinon 进行单元测试,但我很难知道接下来要采取什么步骤。

我将详细介绍 API 的通用版本,该 API 被重写为每个人最喜欢的 Todos。

该应用程序具有以下目录结构:

api
|- todo
| |- controller.js
| |- model.js
| |- routes.js
| |- serializer.js
|- test
| |- integration
| | |- todos.js
| |- unit
| | |- todos.js
|- index.js
|- package.json

package.json

{
"name": "todos",
"version": "1.0.0",
"description": "",
"main": "index.js",
"directories": {
"doc": "docs"
},
"scripts": {
"test": "mocha test/unit --recursive",
"test-int": "NODE_ENV=test mocha test/integration --recursive"
},
"author": "",
"license": "ISC",
"dependencies": {
"body-parser": "^1.15.0",
"express": "^4.13.4",
"jsonapi-serializer": "^3.1.0",
"mongoose": "^4.4.13"
},
"devDependencies": {
"chai": "^3.5.0",
"mocha": "^2.4.5",
"sinon": "^1.17.4",
"sinon-as-promised": "^4.0.0",
"sinon-mongoose": "^1.2.1",
"supertest": "^1.2.0"
}
}

index.js

var express = require('express');
var app = express();
var mongoose = require('mongoose');
var bodyParser = require('body-parser');

// Configs
// I really use 'dotenv' package to set config based on environment.
// removed and defaults put in place for brevity
process.env.NODE_ENV = process.env.NODE_ENV || 'development';

// Database
mongoose.connect('mongodb://localhost/todosapi');

//Middleware
app.set('port', 3000);
app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded({extended: true}));
app.use(bodyParser.json());

// Routers
var todosRouter = require('./api/todos/routes');
app.use('/todos', todosRouter);

app.listen(app.get('port'), function() {
console.log('App now running on http://localhost:' + app.get('port'));
});

module.exports = app;

serializer.js

(这纯粹是从 Mongo 获取输出并将其序列化为 JsonAPI 格式。所以它对于这个示例来说有点多余,但我保留了它,因为它是我目前在 api 中使用的东西。)

'use strict';

var JSONAPISerializer = require('jsonapi-serializer').Serializer;

module.exports = new JSONAPISerializer('todos', {
attributes: ['title', '_user']
,
_user: {
ref: 'id',
attributes: ['username']
}
});

routes.js

var router = require('express').Router();
var controller = require('./controller');

router.route('/')
.get(controller.getAll)
.post(controller.create);

router.route('/:id')
.get(controller.getOne)
.put(controller.update)
.delete(controller.delete);

module.exports = router;

model.js

var mongoose = require('mongoose');
var Schema = mongoose.Schema;

var todoSchema = new Schema({
title: {
type: String
},

_user: {
type: Schema.Types.ObjectId,
ref: 'User'
}
});

module.exports = mongoose.model('Todo', todoSchema);

controller.js

var Todo = require('./model');
var TodoSerializer = require('./serializer');

module.exports = {
getAll: function(req, res, next) {
Todo.find({})
.populate('_user', '-password')
.then(function(data) {
var todoJson = TodoSerializer.serialize(data);
res.json(todoJson);
}, function(err) {
next(err);
});
},

getOne: function(req, res, next) {
// I use passport for handling User authentication so assume the user._id is set at this point
Todo.findOne({'_id': req.params.id, '_user': req.user._id})
.populate('_user', '-password')
.then(function(todo) {
if (!todo) {
next(new Error('No todo item found.'));
} else {
var todoJson = TodoSerializer.serialize(todo);
return res.json(todoJson);
}
}, function(err) {
next(err);
});
},

create: function(req, res, next) {
// ...
},

update: function(req, res, next) {
// ...
},

delete: function(req, res, next) {
// ...
}
};

测试/单元/todos.js

var mocha = require('mocha');
var sinon = require('sinon');
require('sinon-as-promised');
require('sinon-mongoose');
var expect = require('chai').expect;
var app = require('../../index');

var TodosModel = require('../../api/todos/model');

describe('Routes: Todos', function() {
it('getAllTodos', function (done) {
// What goes here?
});

it('getOneTodoForUser', function (done) {
// What goes here?
});
});

现在我不想自己测试路由(我在此处未详述的集成测试中进行测试)。

我目前的想法是,下一个最好的办法是实际对 controller.getAll 或 controller.getOne 函数进行单元测试。然后使用 Sinon stub 通过 Mongoose 模拟对 Mongo 的调用。

但尽管已经阅读了 sinon 文档,但我不知道下一步该做什么:/

问题

  • 如果需要 req、res、next 作为参数,我该如何测试 Controller 功能?
  • 我是否将模型的查找和填充(当前在 Controller 函数中)移动到 todoSchema.static 函数中?
  • 如何模拟填充函数来执行 Mongoose JOIN?
  • 基本上是什么进入 test/unit/todos.js 以在可靠的单元测试状态下获得以上内容:/

最终目标是运行 mocha test/unit 并让它对该 API 部分的各个部分进行单元测试

最佳答案

您好,我已经为您创建了一些测试以了解如何使用模拟。

完整示例 github/nodejs_unit_tests_example

controller.test.js

const proxyquire = require('proxyquire')
const sinon = require('sinon')
const faker = require('faker')
const assert = require('chai').assert

describe('todo/controller', () => {
describe('controller', () => {

let mdl
let modelStub, serializerStub, populateMethodStub, fakeData
let fakeSerializedData, fakeError
let mongoResponse

before(() => {
fakeData = faker.helpers.createTransaction()
fakeError = faker.lorem.word()
populateMethodStub = {
populate: sinon.stub().callsFake(() => mongoResponse)
}
modelStub = {
find: sinon.stub().callsFake(() => {
return populateMethodStub
}),
findOne: sinon.stub().callsFake(() => {
return populateMethodStub
})
}

fakeSerializedData = faker.helpers.createTransaction()
serializerStub = {
serialize: sinon.stub().callsFake(() => {
return fakeSerializedData
})
}

mdl = proxyquire('../todo/controller.js',
{
'./model': modelStub,
'./serializer': serializerStub
}
)
})

beforeEach(() => {
modelStub.find.resetHistory()
modelStub.findOne.resetHistory()
populateMethodStub.populate.resetHistory()
serializerStub.serialize.resetHistory()
})

describe('getAll', () => {
it('should return serialized search result from mongodb', (done) => {
let resolveFn
let fakeCallback = new Promise((res, rej) => {
resolveFn = res
})
mongoResponse = Promise.resolve(fakeData)
let fakeRes = {
json: sinon.stub().callsFake(() => {
resolveFn()
})
}
mdl.getAll(null, fakeRes, null)

fakeCallback.then(() => {
sinon.assert.calledOnce(modelStub.find)
sinon.assert.calledWith(modelStub.find, {})

sinon.assert.calledOnce(populateMethodStub.populate)
sinon.assert.calledWith(populateMethodStub.populate, '_user', '-password')

sinon.assert.calledOnce(serializerStub.serialize)
sinon.assert.calledWith(serializerStub.serialize, fakeData)

sinon.assert.calledOnce(fakeRes.json)
sinon.assert.calledWith(fakeRes.json, fakeSerializedData)
done()
}).catch(done)
})

it('should call next callback if mongo db return exception', (done) => {
let fakeCallback = (err) => {
assert.equal(fakeError, err)
done()
}
mongoResponse = Promise.reject(fakeError)
let fakeRes = sinon.mock()
mdl.getAll(null, fakeRes, fakeCallback)
})

})

describe('getOne', () => {

it('should return serialized search result from mongodb', (done) => {
let resolveFn
let fakeCallback = new Promise((res, rej) => {
resolveFn = res
})
mongoResponse = Promise.resolve(fakeData)
let fakeRes = {
json: sinon.stub().callsFake(() => {
resolveFn()
})
}

let fakeReq = {
params: {
id: faker.random.number()
},
user: {
_id: faker.random.number()
}
}
let findParams = {
'_id': fakeReq.params.id,
'_user': fakeReq.user._id
}
mdl.getOne(fakeReq, fakeRes, null)

fakeCallback.then(() => {
sinon.assert.calledOnce(modelStub.findOne)
sinon.assert.calledWith(modelStub.findOne, findParams)

sinon.assert.calledOnce(populateMethodStub.populate)
sinon.assert.calledWith(populateMethodStub.populate, '_user', '-password')

sinon.assert.calledOnce(serializerStub.serialize)
sinon.assert.calledWith(serializerStub.serialize, fakeData)

sinon.assert.calledOnce(fakeRes.json)
sinon.assert.calledWith(fakeRes.json, fakeSerializedData)
done()
}).catch(done)
})

it('should call next callback if mongodb return exception', (done) => {
let fakeReq = {
params: {
id: faker.random.number()
},
user: {
_id: faker.random.number()
}
}
let fakeCallback = (err) => {
assert.equal(fakeError, err)
done()
}
mongoResponse = Promise.reject(fakeError)
let fakeRes = sinon.mock()
mdl.getOne(fakeReq, fakeRes, fakeCallback)
})

it('should call next callback with error if mongodb return empty result', (done) => {
let fakeReq = {
params: {
id: faker.random.number()
},
user: {
_id: faker.random.number()
}
}
let expectedError = new Error('No todo item found.')

let fakeCallback = (err) => {
assert.equal(expectedError.message, err.message)
done()
}

mongoResponse = Promise.resolve(null)
let fakeRes = sinon.mock()
mdl.getOne(fakeReq, fakeRes, fakeCallback)
})

})
})
})

模型.test.js

const proxyquire = require('proxyquire')
const sinon = require('sinon')
const faker = require('faker')

describe('todo/model', () => {
describe('todo schema', () => {
let mongooseStub, SchemaConstructorSpy
let ObjectIdFake, mongooseModelSpy, SchemaSpy

before(() => {
ObjectIdFake = faker.lorem.word()
SchemaConstructorSpy = sinon.spy()
SchemaSpy = sinon.spy()

class SchemaStub {
constructor(...args) {
SchemaConstructorSpy(...args)
return SchemaSpy
}
}

SchemaStub.Types = {
ObjectId: ObjectIdFake
}

mongooseModelSpy = sinon.spy()
mongooseStub = {
"Schema": SchemaStub,
"model": mongooseModelSpy
}

proxyquire('../todo/model.js',
{
'mongoose': mongooseStub
}
)
})

it('should return new Todo model by schema', () => {
let todoSchema = {
title: {
type: String
},

_user: {
type: ObjectIdFake,
ref: 'User'
}
}
sinon.assert.calledOnce(SchemaConstructorSpy)
sinon.assert.calledWith(SchemaConstructorSpy, todoSchema)

sinon.assert.calledOnce(mongooseModelSpy)
sinon.assert.calledWith(mongooseModelSpy, 'Todo', SchemaSpy)
})
})
})

routes.test.js

const proxyquire = require('proxyquire')
const sinon = require('sinon')
const faker = require('faker')

describe('todo/routes', () => {
describe('router', () => {
let expressStub, controllerStub, RouterStub, rootRouteStub, idRouterStub

before(() => {
rootRouteStub = {
"get": sinon.stub().callsFake(() => rootRouteStub),
"post": sinon.stub().callsFake(() => rootRouteStub)
}
idRouterStub = {
"get": sinon.stub().callsFake(() => idRouterStub),
"put": sinon.stub().callsFake(() => idRouterStub),
"delete": sinon.stub().callsFake(() => idRouterStub)
}
RouterStub = {
route: sinon.stub().callsFake((route) => {
if (route === '/:id') {
return idRouterStub
}
return rootRouteStub
})
}

expressStub = {
Router: sinon.stub().returns(RouterStub)
}

controllerStub = {
getAll: sinon.mock(),
create: sinon.mock(),
getOne: sinon.mock(),
update: sinon.mock(),
delete: sinon.mock()
}

proxyquire('../todo/routes.js',
{
'express': expressStub,
'./controller': controllerStub
}
)
})

it('should map root get router with getAll controller', () => {
sinon.assert.calledWith(RouterStub.route, '/')
sinon.assert.calledWith(rootRouteStub.get, controllerStub.getAll)
})

it('should map root post router with create controller', () => {
sinon.assert.calledWith(RouterStub.route, '/')
sinon.assert.calledWith(rootRouteStub.post, controllerStub.create)
})

it('should map /:id get router with getOne controller', () => {
sinon.assert.calledWith(RouterStub.route, '/:id')
sinon.assert.calledWith(idRouterStub.get, controllerStub.getOne)
})

it('should map /:id put router with update controller', () => {
sinon.assert.calledWith(RouterStub.route, '/:id')
sinon.assert.calledWith(idRouterStub.put, controllerStub.update)
})

it('should map /:id delete router with delete controller', () => {
sinon.assert.calledWith(RouterStub.route, '/:id')
sinon.assert.calledWith(idRouterStub.delete, controllerStub.delete)
})
})
})

serializer.test.js

const proxyquire = require('proxyquire')
const sinon = require('sinon')

describe('todo/serializer', () => {
describe('json serializer', () => {
let JSONAPISerializerStub, SerializerConstructorSpy

before(() => {
SerializerConstructorSpy = sinon.spy()

class SerializerStub {
constructor(...args) {
SerializerConstructorSpy(...args)
}
}

JSONAPISerializerStub = {
Serializer: SerializerStub
}

proxyquire('../todo/serializer.js',
{
'jsonapi-serializer': JSONAPISerializerStub
}
)
})

it('should return new instance of Serializer', () => {
let schema = {
attributes: ['title', '_user']
,
_user: {
ref: 'id',
attributes: ['username']
}
}
sinon.assert.calledOnce(SerializerConstructorSpy)
sinon.assert.calledWith(SerializerConstructorSpy, 'todos', schema)
})
})
})

enter image description here

关于node.js - 如何使用 Sinon 对 Node API 进行单元测试(Express with Mongodb),我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/38190712/

25 4 0
Copyright 2021 - 2024 cfsdn All Rights Reserved 蜀ICP备2022000587号
广告合作:1813099741@qq.com 6ren.com