php - Laravel 在测试时无法连接到 sqlite 并使用开发 postgresql 设置

Question

我有以下 phpunit 测试:

namespace  Test\Database\Integration\Repositories;

use Tests\TestCase;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\RefreshDatabase;
use App\Repositories\RoverRepository;
use App\Model\Rover;
use App\Model\Grid;

class RoverRepositoryTest extends TestCase
{
    use RefreshDatabase;

    /**
     * Undocumented variable
     *
     * @var RoverRepository|null
     */
    private $repository=null;

    /**
     * Undocumented variable
     *
     * @var Grid|null;
     */
    private $grid=null;

    public function setUp(): void
    {
        parent::setUp();

        $this->runDatabaseMigrations();

        $grid=factory(Grid::class)->create([
            'width'=>5,
            'height'=>5
        ]);

        $rover=factory(Rover::class, 5)->create([
            'grid_id' => $grid->id,
            'grid_pos_x' => rand(0, $grid->width),
            'grid_pos_y' => rand(0, $grid->height),
        ]);

        $this->grid=$grid;
        //How do I run Migrations and generate the db?

        $this->repository = new RoverRepository();
    }

    public function tearDown(): void
    {
        parent::tearDown();
        //How do I nuke my Database?
    }

   /**
     * Testing Base Search
     *
     * @return void
    */
    public function testBasicSearch(): void
    {
        $this->assertTrue(true);
    }
}

我的 phpunit.xml 设置为:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<phpunit backupGlobals="false"
         backupStaticAttributes="false"
         bootstrap="vendor/autoload.php"
         colors="true"
         convertErrorsToExceptions="true"
         convertNoticesToExceptions="true"
         convertWarningsToExceptions="true"
         processIsolation="false"
         stopOnFailure="false">
    <testsuites>
        <testsuite name="Unit">
            <directory suffix="Test.php">./tests/Unit</directory>
        </testsuite>

        <testsuite name="Feature">
            <directory suffix="Test.php">./tests/Feature</directory>
        </testsuite>
        <testsuite name="Database">
            <directory suffix="Test.php">./tests/Database</directory>
        </testsuite>
    </testsuites>
    <filter>
        <whitelist processUncoveredFilesFromWhitelist="true">
            <directory suffix=".php">./app</directory>
        </whitelist>
    </filter>
    <php>
        <env name="APP_ENV" value="testing"/>
        <env name="BCRYPT_ROUNDS" value="4"/>
        <env name="CACHE_DRIVER" value="array"/>
        <env name="MAIL_DRIVER" value="array"/>
        <env name="QUEUE_CONNECTION" value="sync"/>
        <env name="SESSION_DRIVER" value="array"/>
        <env name="DB_CONNECTION" value="sqlite"/>
        <env name="DATABASE_URL" value="localhost"/>
        <env name="DB_DATABASE" value=":memory:"/>
    </php>
</phpunit>

但出于某种原因，当我使用以下命令启动测试时:

1) Test\Database\Integration\Repositories\RoverRepositoryTest::testBasicSearch
Illuminate\Database\QueryException: SQLSTATE[08006] [7] FATAL:  password authentication failed for user "laravel" (SQL: select tablename from pg_catalog.pg_tables where schemaname = 'public')

/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Connection.php:664
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Connection.php:624
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Connection.php:333
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Schema/PostgresBuilder.php:108
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Schema/PostgresBuilder.php:35
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Console/Migrations/FreshCommand.php:79
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Console/Migrations/FreshCommand.php:46
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/BoundMethod.php:32
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/BoundMethod.php:90
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/BoundMethod.php:34
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/Container.php:576
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Console/Command.php:183
/var/www/html/vendor/symfony/console/Command/Command.php:255
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Console/Command.php:170
/var/www/html/vendor/symfony/console/Application.php:921
/var/www/html/vendor/symfony/console/Application.php:273
/var/www/html/vendor/symfony/console/Application.php:149
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Console/Application.php:90
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Console/Application.php:182
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Console/Kernel.php:275
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Testing/PendingCommand.php:136
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Testing/PendingCommand.php:220
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Testing/Concerns/InteractsWithConsole.php:56
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Testing/RefreshDatabase.php:55
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Testing/RefreshDatabase.php:18
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Testing/TestCase.php:105
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Testing/TestCase.php:72
/var/www/html/tests/Database/Integration/Repositories/RoverRepositoryTest.php:31

Caused by
PDOException: SQLSTATE[08006] [7] FATAL:  password authentication failed for user "laravel"

/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Connectors/Connector.php:70
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Connectors/Connector.php:46
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Connectors/PostgresConnector.php:33
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Connectors/ConnectionFactory.php:182
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Connection.php:918
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Connection.php:943
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Connection.php:399
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Connection.php:325
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Connection.php:657
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Connection.php:624
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Connection.php:333
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Schema/PostgresBuilder.php:108
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Schema/PostgresBuilder.php:35
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Console/Migrations/FreshCommand.php:79
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Console/Migrations/FreshCommand.php:46
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/BoundMethod.php:32
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/BoundMethod.php:90
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/BoundMethod.php:34
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/Container.php:576
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Console/Command.php:183
/var/www/html/vendor/symfony/console/Command/Command.php:255
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Console/Command.php:170
/var/www/html/vendor/symfony/console/Application.php:921
/var/www/html/vendor/symfony/console/Application.php:273
/var/www/html/vendor/symfony/console/Application.php:149
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Console/Application.php:90
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Console/Application.php:182
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Console/Kernel.php:275
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Testing/PendingCommand.php:136
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Testing/PendingCommand.php:220
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Testing/Concerns/InteractsWithConsole.php:56
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Testing/RefreshDatabase.php:55
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Testing/RefreshDatabase.php:18
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Testing/TestCase.php:105
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Testing/TestCase.php:72
/var/www/html/tests/Database/Integration/Repositories/RoverRepositoryTest.php:31

ERRORS!
Tests: 1, Assertions: 0, Errors: 1.

对于生产设置，我为 thw 数据库使用以下 .env 文件:

DB_CONNECTION=pgsql
DB_HOST=postgresql
DB_PORT=5432
DB_DATABASE=laravel
DB_USERNAME=laravel
DB_PASSWORD=IDontTellYouThisIsNotAnActuallPassword

所以我有这两个问题:

• 为什么我的 sqlite 设置被忽略了？
• 如何在测试时强制使用内存中的 sqlite？

编辑 1

我创建了一个名为 .env.testing 的文件:

DB_CONNECTION=sqlite
DATABASE_URL=localhost
DB_DATABASE=:memory:

并将我的 phpunit.xml 更改为:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<phpunit backupGlobals="false"
         backupStaticAttributes="false"
         bootstrap="vendor/autoload.php"
         colors="true"
         convertErrorsToExceptions="true"
         convertNoticesToExceptions="true"
         convertWarningsToExceptions="true"
         processIsolation="false"
         stopOnFailure="false">
    <testsuites>
        <testsuite name="Unit">
            <directory suffix="Test.php">./tests/Unit</directory>
        </testsuite>

        <testsuite name="Feature">
            <directory suffix="Test.php">./tests/Feature</directory>
        </testsuite>
        <testsuite name="Database">
            <directory suffix="Test.php">./tests/Database</directory>
        </testsuite>
    </testsuites>
    <filter>
        <whitelist processUncoveredFilesFromWhitelist="true">
            <directory suffix=".php">./app</directory>
        </whitelist>
    </filter>
    <php>
        <env name="APP_ENV" value="testing"/>
        <env name="BCRYPT_ROUNDS" value="4"/>
        <env name="CACHE_DRIVER" value="array"/>
        <env name="MAIL_DRIVER" value="array"/>
        <env name="QUEUE_CONNECTION" value="sync"/>
        <env name="SESSION_DRIVER" value="array"/>
    </php>
</phpunit>

此外，laravel 中 sqlite 的设置是:

'sqlite' => [
            'driver' => 'sqlite',
            'url' => env('DATABASE_URL'),
            'database' => env('DB_DATABASE', database_path('database.sqlite')),
            'prefix' => '',
            'foreign_key_constraints' => env('DB_FOREIGN_KEYS', true),
        ],

编辑2

我按照建议尝试了:

namespace  Test\Database\Integration\Repositories;

use Tests\TestCase;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\RefreshDatabase;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\DatabaseMigrations;
use App\Repositories\RoverRepository;
use App\Model\Rover;
use App\Model\Grid;

class RoverRepositoryTest extends TestCase
{
    use RefreshDatabase;
    use DatabaseMigrations;

    /**
     * Undocumented variable
     *
     * @var RoverRepository|null
     */
    private $repository=null;

    /**
     * Undocumented variable
     *
     * @var Grid|null;
     */
    private $grid=null;

    public function setUp(): void
    {
        parent::setUp();

        $this->runDatabaseMigrations();

        $grid=factory(Grid::class)->create([
            'width'=>5,
            'height'=>5
        ]);

        $rover=factory(Rover::class, 5)->create([
            'grid_id' => $grid->id,
            'grid_pos_x' => rand(0, $grid->width),
            'grid_pos_y' => rand(0, $grid->height),
        ]);

        $this->grid=$grid;
        //How do I run Migrations and generate the db?

        $this->repository = new RoverRepository();
    }

    public function tearDown(): void
    {
        parent::tearDown();
        //How do I nuke my Database?
    }

   /**
     * Testing Base Search
     *
     * @return void
    */
    public function testBasicSearch(): void
    {
        $this->assertTrue(true);
    }
}

然后我运行以下命令:

php artisan config:clear
php artisan config:clear --env=testing
php artisan config:clear --env=development
php artisan config:cache

错误仍然存​​在。

编辑3

经过大量测试后，我清空了 .env 文件。然后我运行命令:

php artisan config:cache

错误变成了:

PHPUnit 7.5.13 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors.

E                                                                   1 / 1 (100%)

Time: 111 ms, Memory: 18.00 MB

There was 1 error:

1) Test\Database\Integration\Repositories\RoverRepositoryTest::testBasicSearch
Mockery\Exception\BadMethodCallException: Received Mockery_1_Illuminate_Console_OutputStyle::askQuestion(), but no expectations were specified

/var/www/html/vendor/symfony/console/Style/SymfonyStyle.php:222
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Console/Command.php:332
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Console/ConfirmableTrait.php:31
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Console/Migrations/FreshCommand.php:34
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/BoundMethod.php:32
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/BoundMethod.php:90
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/BoundMethod.php:34
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/Container.php:576
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Console/Command.php:183
/var/www/html/vendor/symfony/console/Command/Command.php:255
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Console/Command.php:170
/var/www/html/vendor/symfony/console/Application.php:921
/var/www/html/vendor/symfony/console/Application.php:273
/var/www/html/vendor/symfony/console/Application.php:149
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Console/Application.php:90
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Console/Application.php:182
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Console/Kernel.php:275
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Testing/PendingCommand.php:136
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Testing/PendingCommand.php:220
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Testing/Concerns/InteractsWithConsole.php:56
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Testing/RefreshDatabase.php:55
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Testing/RefreshDatabase.php:18
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Testing/TestCase.php:105
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Testing/TestCase.php:72

此外，如果我只保留 sqlite 设置并恢复到原始 .env，我会收到错误消息:

PHPUnit 7.5.13 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors.

E                                                                   1 / 1 (100%)

Time: 115 ms, Memory: 18.00 MB

There was 1 error:

1) Test\Database\Integration\Repositories\RoverRepositoryTest::testBasicSearch
InvalidArgumentException: Database [pgsql] not configured.

/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/DatabaseManager.php:152
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/DatabaseManager.php:115
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/DatabaseManager.php:86
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Console/Migrations/FreshCommand.php:77
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Console/Migrations/FreshCommand.php:46
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/BoundMethod.php:32
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/BoundMethod.php:90
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/BoundMethod.php:34
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Container/Container.php:576
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Console/Command.php:183
/var/www/html/vendor/symfony/console/Command/Command.php:255
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Console/Command.php:170
/var/www/html/vendor/symfony/console/Application.php:921
/var/www/html/vendor/symfony/console/Application.php:273
/var/www/html/vendor/symfony/console/Application.php:149
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Console/Application.php:90
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Console/Application.php:182
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Console/Kernel.php:275
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Testing/PendingCommand.php:136
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Testing/PendingCommand.php:220
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Testing/Concerns/InteractsWithConsole.php:56
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Testing/DatabaseMigrations.php:16
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Testing/TestCase.php:109
/var/www/html/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Testing/TestCase.php:72

意味着如果提供了 .env，则 .env.testing 将被完全忽略。

Answer 1

在实现SQLite数据库进行测试时，不需要指定数据库URL，因为它是在内存中运行的。

从 phpunit.xml 中删除该行

<env name="DATABASE_URL" value="localhost"/>

您的配置可能正在缓存。运行命令

php artisan config:clear

现在重新运行测试。

从 setUp() 函数中删除代码

$this->runDatabaseMigrations();

要迁移SQLite中的数据库，可以使用

use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\DatabaseMigrations;

编辑:对于 config/database.php

使用SQLite需要在database.php中配置

//config/database.php 
...
'sqlite' => [
    'driver' => 'sqlite',
    'database' => storage_path('database/database.sqlite'),
    'prefix' => '',
    'foreign_key_constraints' => env('DB_FOREIGN_KEYS', true),
    ],
...