java - spring-boot 属性不是@Autowired

Question

我正在尝试启动一个 Spring-boot 应用程序，但我不确定我在这里做错了什么。我在 src/main/resources & src/test/resources 有一个 application.properties 文件。我的 ConfigurationSettings 有一个 @Bean，这样我就可以在整个应用程序中使用它们:

@Component
public class ConfigurationSettings {

private String product;
private String version;
private String copyright;
private String appName;
private String appDescription;
... 
// getters and setters

}

以下是我启动应用程序的方式:

@Configuration
@EnableJpaRepositories
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@EnableConfigurationProperties
@PropertySources(value = {@PropertySource("classpath:application.properties")})
@ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.product")
@EnableScheduling
public class OFAC {

public static void main(String[] args) {
    ApplicationContext ctx = SpringApplication.run( OFAC.class, args );        
}

这是我的配置类:

@Configuration
@ComponentScan(basePackages = {"com.product"})
@PropertySources(value = {@PropertySource("classpath:application.properties")})
public class OFAConfiguration {

     @Autowired
     private Environment env;

     @Bean
     public ConfigurationSettings configurationSettings() {
         ConfigurationSettings configurationSettings = new ConfigurationSettings();
         configurationSettings.setAppDescription( env.getRequiredProperty("app.description" ) );
         configurationSettings.setAppName( env.getRequiredProperty( "app.name" ) );
         configurationSettings.setServerPort( env.getRequiredProperty( "server.port" ) );
         return configurationSettings;
    }

我正在尝试在 Controller 中使用它:

@RestController
public class AboutController {

   @Autowired
   private ConfigurationSettings configurationSettings;

   @RequestMapping(value = "/about", method = RequestMethod.GET)
   public About index() {

     String product = configurationSettings.getProduct();
     String version = configurationSettings.getVersion();
     String copyright = configurationSettings.getCopyright();
    return new About( product, version, copyright );
   }
}

但是，当执行此操作时，ConfigurationSettings 的所有值均为空。我确实有一个成功加载值的测试:

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = {OFAConfiguration.class})
public class OFAConfigurationTest {
  @Autowired
  private Environment environment;

  @Autowired
  private ConfigurationSettings configurationSettings;

  @Test
  public void testConfigurationLoads() {
    assertNotNull(environment);
    Assert.assertNotNull(configurationSettings);
  }

  @Test
  public void testConfigurationSettingValues() {
     assertEquals("Product Name", configurationSettings.getProduct());
    assertEquals("0.0.1", configurationSettings.getVersion());
    assertEquals("2014 Product", configurationSettings.getCopyright());
 }

谁能看出为什么 ConfigurationSettings 没有填充到我的 Controller 中？

Answer 1

您的配置导致 ConfigurationSettings 类的 2 个实例，并且可能一个实例覆盖了另一个。

“ConfigurationSettings”具有 @Component 注释，因为您正在扫描组件 (@ComponentScan)，这将导致一个实例。您还有一个带注释的 @Bean 方法，它也指向一个实例。后者被第一个覆盖。

简而言之，删除不需要的 @Component 注释，因为您已经有了此类的工厂方法。

public class ConfigurationSettings { ... }

您还应该删除 @PropertySource 注释，因为 Spring-Boot 已经为您加载了 application.properties。

最后，你不应该在你的测试类上使用 @ContextConfiguration 注释，而是 @SpringApplicationConfiguration 并传入你的应用程序类(而不是你的配置类!)。

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes=OFAC.class)
public class OFAConfigurationTest {

    @Autowired
    private Environment environment;

    @Autowired
    private ConfigurationSettings configurationSettings;

    @Test
    public void testConfigurationLoads() {
        assertNotNull(environment);
        assertNotNull(configurationSettings);
    }

    @Test
    public void testConfigurationSettingValues() {
        assertEquals("Product Name", configurationSettings.getProduct());
        assertEquals("0.0.1", configurationSettings.getVersion());
        assertEquals("2014 Product", configurationSettings.getCopyright());
    } 

这将解决您的运行时配置问题，并让您的测试使用 Spring Boot 的强大功能来配置您的应用程序。