java - 如何从命令行(没有 Maven/Gradle)启动 JUnit 5(平台)？

Question

我想从命令行运行一个包含 JUnit 5 测试的类。不幸的是，我有一些外部依赖项阻止我使用 Maven、Gradle 或其他构建系统。

在 JUnit 4 中，我可以这样完成

java .:"lib/*" org.junit.runner.JUnitCore TestClass

是否有 JUnit 5 的等效项？我只是想知道测试是否像在 IntelliJ 中运行时一样成功。

TestClass.java

import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;

import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;

public class TestClass {

    private static ArrayList<Student> students;
    private static ArrayList<Student> inAgeOrderStudents;
    private static ArrayList<Student> inNameOrderStudents;

    @BeforeAll
    static void setUp(){
        initializeStudents();
        initSortedAgeStudents();
        initSortedNameStudents();
    }

    @BeforeEach
    void reloadStudents() {
        Collections.shuffle(students);
    }

   static void initializeStudents(){
        students = new ArrayList<Student>();

        students.add(new Student(18, "Tim"));
        students.add(new Student(18, "Tim"));
        students.add(new Student(16, "Jean"));
        students.add(new Student(14, "Lin"));
        students.add(new Student(19, "Sam"));
    }

    static void initSortedAgeStudents(){
        inAgeOrderStudents = new ArrayList<Student>();
        inAgeOrderStudents.add(new Student(14, "Lin"));
        inAgeOrderStudents.add(new Student(16, "Jean"));
        inAgeOrderStudents.add(new Student(18, "Tim"));
        inAgeOrderStudents.add(new Student(18, "Tim"));
        inAgeOrderStudents.add(new Student(19, "Sam"));
    }

    static void initSortedNameStudents(){
        inNameOrderStudents = new ArrayList<Student>();
        inNameOrderStudents.add(new Student(16, "Jean"));
        inNameOrderStudents.add(new Student(14, "Lin"));
        inNameOrderStudents.add(new Student(19, "Sam"));
        inNameOrderStudents.add(new Student(18, "Tim"));
        inNameOrderStudents.add(new Student(18, "Tim"));
    }



    @Test
    void testMergeSort() {
        assertNotEquals(students, inAgeOrderStudents);
        StudentSortSearch.mergesort(students,StudentSortSearch.SortSearchCriteria.AGE);
        assertEquals(14,students.get(0).getAge());
        assertEquals(19,students.get(4).getAge());
        assertEquals(students, inAgeOrderStudents);

        assertEquals(true,students.equals(inAgeOrderStudents));
    }

    @Test
    void testQuickSort() {
        StudentSortSearch.quickSort(students,StudentSortSearch.SortSearchCriteria.NAME);
        assertEquals("Jean",students.get(0).getName());
        assertEquals("Tim",students.get(4).getName());

        assertEquals(students, inNameOrderStudents);
    }

    @Test
    void testBinarySearch() {
        StudentSortSearch searcher = new StudentSortSearch();
        ArrayList<Student> searchResults = searcher.binarySearch(students, 18);
        assertEquals(2, searchResults.size());
        assertEquals(18,searchResults.get(1).getAge());
        assertEquals(18,searchResults.get(0).getAge());

        searchResults = searcher.binarySearch(students, "Lin");
        assertEquals(1, searchResults.size());
        assertEquals(14,searchResults.get(0).getAge());
    }
}

Answer 1

当然，使用 ConsoleLauncher .

The ConsoleLauncher is a command-line Java application that lets you launch the JUnit Platform from the console. For example, it can be used to run JUnit Vintage and JUnit Jupiter tests and print test execution results to the console.

An executable *junit-platform-console-standalone-<version>.jar* with all dependencies included is published in the central Maven repository under the junit-platform-console-standalone directory. You can run the standalone ConsoleLauncher as shown below.

java -jar junit-platform-console-standalone-<version>.jar <Options>

有关选项的详细信息，请咨询 https://junit.org/junit5/docs/current/user-guide/#running-tests-console-launcher请。

根据您的示例量身定制并使用 JUnit 平台版本 1.3.1 ，命令可能如下所示:

$ mkdir out
$ javac -d out Student.java StudentSortSearch.java
$ javac -d out -cp out:junit-platform-console-standalone-1.3.1.jar TestClass.java
$ java -jar junit-platform-console-standalone-1.3.1.jar --class-path out --scan-class-path
╷
├─ JUnit Jupiter ✔
│  └─ TestClass ✔
│     └─ test() ✔
└─ JUnit Vintage ✔

Test run finished after 67 ms
...