java - 参数在 TestNG 中传递默认值

Question

我遇到了一个奇怪的问题。在写这篇文章之前，我对此做了一些研究，但无法解决问题。

我正在传递参数，但它采用参数的默认值，即“no-Value”。

这是我的代码

package rough;import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;import org.testng.annotations.Optional;import org.testng.annotations.Parameters;import org.testng.annotations.Test;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;import org.testng.Assert;import java.util.regex.Pattern;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;import org.junit.*;import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.*;import org.openqa.selenium.*;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver;import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.Select;public class Browsers {    private WebDriver driver;    private String baseUrl;    private boolean acceptNextAlert = true;    private StringBuffer verificationErrors = new StringBuffer();    @BeforeMethod    public void tearDown1() throws Exception {        System.out.println("Hello starting");    }    @Test    @Parameters({ "BROWSER" })    public void setUp(@Optional String BROWSER) throws Exception {        if(BROWSER.equalsIgnoreCase("FF"))        {               driver = new FirefoxDriver();        }        else        if(BROWSER.equalsIgnoreCase("IE"))        {                System.setProperty("webdriver.ie.driver", "g:/Selenium Jar Files/IEDriverServer.exe");            driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();        }        baseUrl = "http://book.theautomatedtester.co.uk/";        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);        System.out.println("Hello starting1111");        driver.get(baseUrl+"/chapter1");        driver.findElement(By.id("radiobutton")).click();        Select(driver.findElement(By.id("selecttype"))).selectByVisibleText("Selenium RC");    }    @AfterMethod    public void tearDown() throws Exception {        String verificationErrorString = verificationErrors.toString();        if (!"".equals(verificationErrorString)) {            Assert.fail(verificationErrorString);        }    }    private boolean isElementPresent(By by) {        try {            driver.findElement(by);            return true;        } catch (NoSuchElementException e) {            return false;        }    }    private boolean isAlertPresent() {        try {            driver.switchTo().alert();            return true;        } catch (NoAlertPresentException e) {            return false;        }    }    private String closeAlertAndGetItsText() {        try {            Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert();            String alertText = alert.getText();            if (acceptNextAlert) {                alert.accept();            } else {                alert.dismiss();            }            return alertText;        } finally {            acceptNextAlert = true;        }    }}

The XML used here is

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd">
<suite name="Suite" parallel="True">
  <test name="Test">
  <parameter name = "BROWSER" value="FF"/>
    <classes>
          <class name="rough.Browsers"/>
    </classes>
    <test name="Test">
    <parameter name = "BROWSER" value="IE"/>
    <classes>
       <class name="rough.Browsers"/>
    </classes>
  </test> <!-- Test -->
</suite> <!-- Suite -->

当我运行代码时出现此错误:

[TestNG] Running:
  C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Temp\testng-eclipse-2137105747\testng-customsuite.xml

Hello starting
FAILED: setUp("not-found")
java.lang.NullPointerException
    at rough.Browsers.setUp(Browsers.java:55)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
    at org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethod(MethodInvocationHelper.java:84)
    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeMethod(Invoker.java:714)
    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethod(Invoker.java:901)
    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeTestMethods(Invoker.java:1231)
    at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeTestMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:127)
    at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:111)
    at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:767)
    at org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:617)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:334)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:329)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:291)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:240)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:86)
    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1224)
    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1149)
    at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1057)
    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.run(RemoteTestNG.java:111)
    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.initAndRun(RemoteTestNG.java:204)
    at org.testng.remote.RemoteTestNG.main(RemoteTestNG.java:175)

Answer 1

根据testng文档，@optional是这样使用的。

@Parameters("db")
@Test
public void testNonExistentParameter(@Optional("mysql") String db) { ... }

If no parameter named "db" is found in your testng.xml file, your test method will receive the default value specified inside the @Optional annotation: "mysql".

尝试相应地更正您的代码。我认为这应该可以解决问题。如果仍然没有，则在 testng.xml 中的套件标记级别声明参数并进行测试。