Java CMYK 到带配置文件的 RGB。输出太暗

Question

类似的问题已经问过很多次了。但是我仍然不明白为什么我用ICC_Profile 转换图片后输出太暗。我尝试了很多配置文件:来自 Adob​​e 网站，以及图片本身。

前像

后像

代码

Iterator<ImageReader> readers = ImageIO.getImageReadersByFormatName("jpeg");
ImageReader reader = null;
while (readers.hasNext()){
      reader = readers.next();
      if (reader.canReadRaster()){
          break;
      }
}
// read
ImageInputStream ios = ImageIO.createImageInputStream(new FileInputStream(new File(myPic.jpg)));
reader.setInput(ios);
Raster r = reader.readRaster(0, null);

BufferedImage result = new BufferedImage(r.getWidth(), r.getHeight(), bufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
WritableRaster resultRaster = result.getRaster();
ICC_Profile iccProfile = ICC_Profile.getInstance(new File("profile_name.icc");
ColorSpace cs = new ICC_ColorSpace(iccProfile);
ColorConvertOp cmykToRgb = new ColorConvertOp(cs, result.getColorModel().getColorSpace(), null);
cmykToRgb.filter(r, resultRaster);

// write
ImageIo.write(resul, "jpg", new File("myPic.jpg"));

转换图片后还需要做其他事情吗？

Answer 1

这个问题并不新鲜。但是因为我花了很多时间解决这个问题并提出了一个可行的解决方案，所以我想我会把它贴在这里。该解决方案需要 Sanselan(或现在称为 Apache Commons Imaging)并且需要合理的 CMYK 颜色配置文件(.icc 文件)。您可以从 Adob​​e 或 eci.org 获得后者。 .

基本问题是 Java - 开箱即用 - 只能读取 RGB 格式的 JPEG 文件。如果您有 CMYK 文件，则需要区分常规 CMYK、Adobe CMYK(具有反转值，即 255 表示无墨水，0 表示最大墨水)和 Adob​​e CYYK(某些变体也具有反转颜色)。

public class JpegReader {

    public static final int COLOR_TYPE_RGB = 1;
    public static final int COLOR_TYPE_CMYK = 2;
    public static final int COLOR_TYPE_YCCK = 3;

    private int colorType = COLOR_TYPE_RGB;
    private boolean hasAdobeMarker = false;

    public BufferedImage readImage(File file) throws IOException, ImageReadException {
        colorType = COLOR_TYPE_RGB;
        hasAdobeMarker = false;

        ImageInputStream stream = ImageIO.createImageInputStream(file);
        Iterator<ImageReader> iter = ImageIO.getImageReaders(stream);
        while (iter.hasNext()) {
            ImageReader reader = iter.next();
            reader.setInput(stream);

            BufferedImage image;
            ICC_Profile profile = null;
            try {
                image = reader.read(0);
            } catch (IIOException e) {
                colorType = COLOR_TYPE_CMYK;
                checkAdobeMarker(file);
                profile = Sanselan.getICCProfile(file);
                WritableRaster raster = (WritableRaster) reader.readRaster(0, null);
                if (colorType == COLOR_TYPE_YCCK)
                    convertYcckToCmyk(raster);
                if (hasAdobeMarker)
                    convertInvertedColors(raster);
                image = convertCmykToRgb(raster, profile);
            }

            return image;
        }

        return null;
    }

    public void checkAdobeMarker(File file) throws IOException, ImageReadException {
        JpegImageParser parser = new JpegImageParser();
        ByteSource byteSource = new ByteSourceFile(file);
        @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
        ArrayList segments = parser.readSegments(byteSource, new int[] { 0xffee }, true);
        if (segments != null && segments.size() >= 1) {
            UnknownSegment app14Segment = (UnknownSegment) segments.get(0);
            byte[] data = app14Segment.bytes;
            if (data.length >= 12 && data[0] == 'A' && data[1] == 'd' && data[2] == 'o' && data[3] == 'b' && data[4] == 'e')
            {
                hasAdobeMarker = true;
                int transform = app14Segment.bytes[11] & 0xff;
                if (transform == 2)
                    colorType = COLOR_TYPE_YCCK;
            }
        }
    }

    public static void convertYcckToCmyk(WritableRaster raster) {
        int height = raster.getHeight();
        int width = raster.getWidth();
        int stride = width * 4;
        int[] pixelRow = new int[stride];
        for (int h = 0; h < height; h++) {
            raster.getPixels(0, h, width, 1, pixelRow);

            for (int x = 0; x < stride; x += 4) {
                int y = pixelRow[x];
                int cb = pixelRow[x + 1];
                int cr = pixelRow[x + 2];

                int c = (int) (y + 1.402 * cr - 178.956);
                int m = (int) (y - 0.34414 * cb - 0.71414 * cr + 135.95984);
                y = (int) (y + 1.772 * cb - 226.316);

                if (c < 0) c = 0; else if (c > 255) c = 255;
                if (m < 0) m = 0; else if (m > 255) m = 255;
                if (y < 0) y = 0; else if (y > 255) y = 255;

                pixelRow[x] = 255 - c;
                pixelRow[x + 1] = 255 - m;
                pixelRow[x + 2] = 255 - y;
            }

            raster.setPixels(0, h, width, 1, pixelRow);
        }
    }

    public static void convertInvertedColors(WritableRaster raster) {
        int height = raster.getHeight();
        int width = raster.getWidth();
        int stride = width * 4;
        int[] pixelRow = new int[stride];
        for (int h = 0; h < height; h++) {
            raster.getPixels(0, h, width, 1, pixelRow);
            for (int x = 0; x < stride; x++)
                pixelRow[x] = 255 - pixelRow[x];
            raster.setPixels(0, h, width, 1, pixelRow);
        }
    }

    public static BufferedImage convertCmykToRgb(Raster cmykRaster, ICC_Profile cmykProfile) throws IOException {
        if (cmykProfile == null)
            cmykProfile = ICC_Profile.getInstance(JpegReader.class.getResourceAsStream("/ISOcoated_v2_300_eci.icc"));
        ICC_ColorSpace cmykCS = new ICC_ColorSpace(cmykProfile);
        BufferedImage rgbImage = new BufferedImage(cmykRaster.getWidth(), cmykRaster.getHeight(), BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
        WritableRaster rgbRaster = rgbImage.getRaster();
        ColorSpace rgbCS = rgbImage.getColorModel().getColorSpace();
        ColorConvertOp cmykToRgb = new ColorConvertOp(cmykCS, rgbCS, null);
        cmykToRgb.filter(cmykRaster, rgbRaster);
        return rgbImage;
    }
}

代码首先尝试使用适用于 RGB 文件的常规方法读取文件。如果失败，它会读取颜色模型的详细信息(配置文件、Adobe 标记、Adobe 变体)。然后它读取原始像素数据(光栅)并进行所有必要的转换(YCCK 到 CMYK、反色、CMYK 到 RGB)。

我对我的解决方案不太满意。虽然大部分颜色都不错，但暗区有点太亮了，特别是黑色并不是全黑。如果有人知道我可以改进什么，我会很高兴听到。

更新:

我已经找到解决亮度问题的方法了。或者更确切地说:来自 twelvemonkeys-imageio 项目的人有(参见 post )。这与显色意图有关。

修复方法是添加以下对我来说非常有用的行。基本上，颜色配置文件已修改，因为似乎没有其他方法可以告诉 ColorConvertOp 类使用感知颜色渲染意图。

    if (cmykProfile.getProfileClass() != ICC_Profile.CLASS_DISPLAY) {
        byte[] profileData = cmykProfile.getData(); // Need to clone entire profile, due to a JDK 7 bug

        if (profileData[ICC_Profile.icHdrRenderingIntent] == ICC_Profile.icPerceptual) {
            intToBigEndian(ICC_Profile.icSigDisplayClass, profileData, ICC_Profile.icHdrDeviceClass); // Header is first

            cmykProfile = ICC_Profile.getInstance(profileData);
        }
    }

...

static void intToBigEndian(int value, byte[] array, int index) {
    array[index]   = (byte) (value >> 24);
    array[index+1] = (byte) (value >> 16);
    array[index+2] = (byte) (value >>  8);
    array[index+3] = (byte) (value);
}