ios - 在没有内存峰值的情况下旋转 UIImage

Question

我目前正在使用 CGContextDrawImage 旋转图像，但是每当调用它时都会出现巨大的内存峰值。较新的设备可以处理它，但内存较低的设备(如 iPhone 4s)则不能。该图像是用户在 AVCaptureSessionPresetHigh

拍摄的大文件

我目前正在使用 UIImage 的扩展旋转图像

func rotate(orientation: UIImageOrientation) -> UIImage{
    if(orientation == UIImageOrientation.Up){return self}

    var transform: CGAffineTransform = CGAffineTransformIdentity

    if(orientation == UIImageOrientation.Down || orientation == UIImageOrientation.DownMirrored){
        transform = CGAffineTransformTranslate(transform, self.size.width, self.size.height)
        transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(transform, CGFloat(M_PI))
    }
    else if(orientation == UIImageOrientation.Left || orientation == UIImageOrientation.LeftMirrored){
        transform = CGAffineTransformTranslate(transform, self.size.width, 0)
        transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(transform, CGFloat(M_PI_2))
    }
    else if(orientation == UIImageOrientation.Right || orientation == UIImageOrientation.RightMirrored){
        transform = CGAffineTransformTranslate(transform, 0, self.size.height)
        transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(transform,  CGFloat(-M_PI_2))
    }


    if(orientation == UIImageOrientation.UpMirrored || orientation == UIImageOrientation.DownMirrored){
        transform = CGAffineTransformTranslate(transform, self.size.width, 0)
        transform = CGAffineTransformScale(transform, -1, 1)
    }
    else if(orientation == UIImageOrientation.LeftMirrored || orientation == UIImageOrientation.RightMirrored){
        transform = CGAffineTransformTranslate(transform, self.size.height, 0)
        transform = CGAffineTransformScale(transform, -1, 1);
    }

    let ref: CGContextRef = CGBitmapContextCreate(nil, Int(self.size.width), Int(self.size.height), CGImageGetBitsPerComponent(self.CGImage), 0, CGImageGetColorSpace(self.CGImage), CGImageGetBitmapInfo(self.CGImage))
    CGContextConcatCTM(ref, transform)

    if(orientation == UIImageOrientation.Left || orientation == UIImageOrientation.LeftMirrored || orientation == UIImageOrientation.Right || orientation == UIImageOrientation.RightMirrored){
        CGContextDrawImage(ref, CGRectMake(0, 0, self.size.height, self.size.width), self.CGImage)
    }
    else{
        CGContextDrawImage(ref, CGRectMake(0, 0, self.size.width, self.size.height), self.CGImage)
    }


    let cgImg: CGImageRef = CGBitmapContextCreateImage(ref)
    let rotated: UIImage = UIImage(CGImage: cgImg)!

    return rotated
}

此代码在 iPhone 5 和 6 等设备上完美运行，但几乎总是导致 iPhone 4s 由于内存不足而崩溃。

我知道我可以上传带有指定方向的 EXIF 数据的图像，但我觉得在上传之前旋转图像可以防止进一步的问题。

iOS 如何使用 EXIF 数据旋转图像进行显示？例如，虽然使用

UIImage(image.CGImage, scale: 1.0, orientation: UIImageOrientation.Right)

更改 EXIF 数据后，图像仍会以正确的方向显示在屏幕上，对内存的影响要小得多。是否有一些非常低级的代码可以像上面的代码一样通过使用 GPU 来实现这一点？

我还想避免在上传之前缩小图像。

有什么方法可以减少旋转图像的影响，例如将其旋转成几 block ，还是我必须找到替代方案？

Answer 1

我能够(大部分)通过在上述代码末尾调用 UIGraphicsEndImageContext() 来解决这个问题，并且在上传之前不旋转图像(用户可以旋转他们的照片在上传之前，所以在上传之前不要旋转它们会大大减少内存使用量)。

因此，每当用户旋转照片时，我都会调用我创建的这个 rotateExif(orientation) 函数

extension UIImage{
    func rotateExif(orientation: UIImageOrientation) -> UIImage{

        if(orientation == UIImageOrientation.Up){return self}

        let current = self.imageOrientation
        let currentDegrees: Int = (
            current == UIImageOrientation.Down || current == UIImageOrientation.DownMirrored ? 180 : (
                current == UIImageOrientation.Left || current == UIImageOrientation.LeftMirrored ? 270 : (
                    current == UIImageOrientation.Right || current == UIImageOrientation.RightMirrored ? 90 : 0
                )
            )
        )
        let changeDegrees: Int = (
            orientation == UIImageOrientation.Down || orientation == UIImageOrientation.DownMirrored ? 180 : (
                orientation == UIImageOrientation.Left || orientation == UIImageOrientation.LeftMirrored ? 270 : (
                    orientation == UIImageOrientation.Right || orientation == UIImageOrientation.RightMirrored ? 90 : 0
                )
            )
        )


        let mirrored: Bool = (
            current == UIImageOrientation.DownMirrored || current == UIImageOrientation.UpMirrored ||
            current == UIImageOrientation.LeftMirrored || current == UIImageOrientation.RightMirrored ||
            orientation == UIImageOrientation.DownMirrored || orientation == UIImageOrientation.UpMirrored ||
            orientation == UIImageOrientation.LeftMirrored || orientation == UIImageOrientation.RightMirrored
        )

        let degrees: Int = currentDegrees + changeDegrees

        let newOrientation: UIImageOrientation = (
            degrees == 270 || degrees == 630 ? (mirrored ? UIImageOrientation.LeftMirrored : UIImageOrientation.Left) : (
                degrees == 180 || degrees == 540 ? (mirrored ? UIImageOrientation.DownMirrored : UIImageOrientation.Down) : (
                    degrees == 90 || degrees == 450 ? (mirrored ? UIImageOrientation.RightMirrored : UIImageOrientation.Right) : (
                        mirrored ? UIImageOrientation.UpMirrored : UIImageOrientation.Up
                    )
                )
            )
        )

        return UIImage(CGImage: self.CGImage!, scale: 1.0, orientation: newOrientation)
    }
}

这会根据在 orientation 中输入的量旋转图像的 EXIF。因此，例如，如果原始方向是右，然后旋转右，则新方向将是下。如果原始方向是 RightMirrored，并且它被旋转到Left，则新的方向将是 UpMirrored。

然后，在上传照片之前，通过调用问题中的代码作为 UIImage 的扩展来旋转实际像素，image.rotate(image.imageOrientation) .