c++ - 文件是为不受支持的文件格式构建的？

Question

我在 OS X 上，当我尝试在终端中执行此命令时出现编译错误

g++ -Wall -o test_E test_E.cpp dynamic_array.cpp oracle.o

我的其他 c++ 文件，例如 test_A.cpp 和 test_B.cpp 在同一命令上运行良好，但没有最后一部分，例如

g++ -Wall -o test_A test_A.cpp dynamic_array.cpp

我也试过在没有 oracle.o 的情况下运行命令，它给出了同样的错误，但没有不支持的文件格式

我该如何解决这个问题？

ld: warning: ignoring file oracle.o, file was built for unsupported file 
format ( 0x7F 0x45 0x4C 0x46 0x02 0x01 0x01 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x00 
0x00 0x00 ) which is not the architecture being linked (x86_64): oracle.o
Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64:
"oracle::insert(int, int)", referenced from:
  generate_oracle(oracle&, int, int, int) in test_E-2b7bb8.o
  run_tests(dynamic_array&, oracle&) in test_E-2b7bb8.o
 "oracle::operator[](unsigned int)", referenced from:
  print_state(dynamic_array&, oracle&) in test_E-2b7bb8.o
  compare_content(dynamic_array&, oracle&) in test_E-2b7bb8.o
"oracle::get_allocated_size() const", referenced from:
  print_state(dynamic_array&, oracle&) in test_E-2b7bb8.o
  compare_content(dynamic_array&, oracle&) in test_E-2b7bb8.o
 "oracle::get_size() const", referenced from:
  print_state(dynamic_array&, oracle&) in test_E-2b7bb8.o
  compare_exceptions(dynamic_array&, oracle&) in test_E-2b7bb8.o
  compare_content(dynamic_array&, oracle&) in test_E-2b7bb8.o
  ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64
  clang: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)

这是test_E.cpp

 #include <iostream>

 #include "dynamic_array.h"
 #include "oracle.h"

 using namespace std;

void generate_cut(dynamic_array &cut, int start, int delta, int count) {
 for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
    cut.insert(start, i);
    start += delta;
   }
}

void generate_oracle(oracle &orc, int start, int delta, int count) {
  for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
    orc.insert(start, i);
    start += delta;
     }
  }

void print_state(dynamic_array &cut, oracle &orc) {
 cout << "***** cut" << endl;
 cout << "size: " << cut.get_size() << endl;
 cout << "allocated size: " << cut.get_allocated_size() << endl;
 for (int i = 0; i < cut.get_size(); i++) {
    cout << cut[i] << " ";
    if (i > 50) { // avoid lengthy output
        cout << " ...";
        break;
    }
  }
 cout << endl;

 cout << "***** oracle" << endl;
 cout << "size: " << orc.get_size() << endl;
 cout << "allocated size: " << orc.get_allocated_size() << endl;
 for (int i = 0; i < orc.get_size(); i++) {
    cout << orc[i] << " ";
    if (i > 50) { // avoid lengthy output
        cout << " ...";
        break;
    }
 }
 cout << endl;
 }

int const_f(const dynamic_array &cut, int i) {
  return cut[i];
 }

int compare_exceptions(dynamic_array &cut, oracle &orc) {
{
// ********** operator[]
int indexes[] = {orc.get_size(), orc.get_size()+1000};
int N = sizeof(indexes)/sizeof(int);
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
    int caught = 0;
    try {
        cut[indexes[i]];
    } catch (dynamic_array::exception) {
        caught = 1;
    }
    if (!caught) {
        cout << "operator[]: uncaught index range exception at: ";
        cout << indexes[i] << endl;
        return 0;
    }
   }
  }

  {
   // ********** operator[] const
  int indexes[] = {orc.get_size(), orc.get_size()+1000};
  int N = sizeof(indexes)/sizeof(int);
  for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
    int caught = 0;
    try {
        cut[indexes[i]];
    } catch (dynamic_array::exception) {
        caught = 1;
    }
    if (!caught) {
        cout << "operator[] const: uncaught index range exception at: ";
        cout << indexes[i] << endl;
        return 0;
    }
   }
  }

 {
  // ********** insert(int,int)
 int indexes[] = {-1000, -1, orc.get_size()+1, orc.get_size()+1000};
 int N = sizeof(indexes)/sizeof(int);
 for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
    int caught = 0;
    try {
        cut.insert(0, indexes[i]);
    } catch (dynamic_array::exception) {
        caught = 1;
    }
    if (!caught) {
        cout << "insert(int,int): uncaught index range exception at: ";
        cout << indexes[i] << endl;
        return 0;
    }
   }
  }

 {
  // ********** insert(dynamic_array&,int)
  int indexes[] = {-1000, -1, orc.get_size()+1, orc.get_size()+1000};
  int N = sizeof(indexes)/sizeof(int);
  dynamic_array a;
  for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
    int caught = 0;
    try {
        cut.insert(a, indexes[i]);
    } catch (dynamic_array::exception) {
        caught = 1;
    }
    if (!caught) {
        cout << "insert(dynamic_array&,int): uncaught index range exception  at: ";
        cout << indexes[i] << endl;
        return 0;
    }
   }
  }

 {
  // ********** remove(int)
  int indexes[] = {-1000, -1, orc.get_size(), orc.get_size()+1000};
  int N = sizeof(indexes)/sizeof(int);
  for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
    int caught = 0;
    try {
        cut.remove(indexes[i]);
    } catch (dynamic_array::exception) {
        caught = 1;
    }
    if (!caught) {
        cout << "remove(int): uncaught index range exception at: ";
        cout << indexes[i] << endl;
        return 0;
    }
   }
  }

 {
  // ********** remove(int,int)
  // start out of range
  int start_indexes[] = {-1000, -1, orc.get_size()+1, orc.get_size()+1000};
  int N = sizeof(start_indexes)/sizeof(int);
  for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
    int caught = 0;
    try {
        cut.remove(start_indexes[i], orc.get_size());
    } catch (dynamic_array::exception) {
        caught = 1;
    }
    if (!caught) {
        cout << "remove(int,int): uncaught index range exception at: ";
        cout << start_indexes[i] << "," << orc.get_size() << endl;
        return 0;
    }
   }

   // end out of range
   int end_indexes[] = {orc.get_size()+1, orc.get_size()+1000};
   N = sizeof(end_indexes)/sizeof(int);
   for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
    int caught = 0;
    try {
        cut.remove(0, end_indexes[i]);
    } catch (dynamic_array::exception) {
        caught = 1;
    }
    if (!caught) {
        cout << "remove(int,int): uncaught index range exception at: ";
        cout << end_indexes[i] << "," << orc.get_size() << endl;
        return 0;
    }
   }

   // special case: 0 <= end < start < size
   int caught = 0;
   try {
    cut.remove(1, 0);
   } catch (dynamic_array::exception) {
    caught = 1;
   }
   if (!caught) {
    cout << "remove(int,int): uncaught index range exception at: 1,0" << endl;
    return 0;
  }
  }

  return 1; // no failures detected
  }

   int compare_content(dynamic_array &cut, oracle &orc) {
  // check size
  if (cut.get_size() != orc.get_size()) {
    cout << "ERROR. ";
    cout << "size. cut: " << cut.get_size();
    cout << " orc:" << orc.get_size() << endl;

    print_state(cut, orc);
    return 0;
   }

   // check get_allocated_size
   if (cut.get_allocated_size() != orc.get_allocated_size()) {
    cout << "ERROR. ";
    cout << "allocated_size. cut:" << cut.get_allocated_size();
    cout << " orc:" << orc.get_allocated_size() << endl;

    print_state(cut, orc);
    return 0;
   }

  // check operator[] and operator[] const
  for (int i = 0; i < orc.get_size(); i++) {
    if (cut[i] != orc[i]) {
        cout << "ERROR. ";
        cout << "cut[" << i << "]:" << cut[i];
        cout << " orc[" << i << "]:" << orc[i] << endl;

        print_state(cut, orc);
        return 0;
    }

    int x = const_f(cut, i);
    if (x != orc[i]) {
        cout << "ERROR. ";
        cout << "cut[" << i << "]:" << cut[i];
        cout << " orc[" << i << "]:" << x << endl;

        print_state(cut, orc);
        return 0;
    }
   }

  return 1;
   }

void run_tests(dynamic_array &cut, oracle &orc) {
compare_content(cut, orc);
compare_exceptions(cut, orc);

cut.insert(1, 0);
orc.insert(1, 0);

compare_content(cut, orc);
compare_exceptions(cut, orc);

 }

int main() {
 dynamic_array cut;
 generate_cut(cut, 0, 2, 5);

 oracle orc;
 generate_oracle(orc, 0, 2, 5);

 run_tests(cut, orc);
 }

Answer 1

在这种情况下，您的问题是您正在尝试链接 Linux ELF 二进制文件，它输出的 header 的十六进制转储证明了这一点 (0x45 0x4C 0x46 = ELF).

基于您可用资源的可能解决方案:

1. 使用与编译目标文件相同的平台(在本例中为您的解决方案)。
2. 为您的平台获取目标文件(对于 OS X，您需要一个与您的架构相匹配的 Mach-O，在您的情况下为 x86_64)。
3. 获取目标文件的源代码，并针对您的平台进行编译。
4. 反汇编，必要时转换汇编，然后汇编一个新的二进制文件(可能不可行，除非它非常小且实现未知)。