java - ECDSA 使用 BouncyCaSTLe 签名并使用 Crypto++ 验证

Question

Java代码如下:

public static String sign(String data) throws Exception {
    KeyPair keyPair = loadKeyPair(System.getProperty("user.dir"), "ECDSA");
    Signature signature = Signature.getInstance("SHA256withECDSA", "BC");
    signature.initSign(keyPair.getPrivate(), new SecureRandom());

    byte[] message = data.getBytes();
    signature.update(message);

    byte[] sigBytes = signature.sign();        
    String signatureStr = new BigInteger(1, sigBytes).toString(16);
    return signatureStr;
}

然后是验证签名的C++代码

bool VerifyMessage( const ECDSA<ECP, SHA256>::PublicKey& key, const string& message, const string& signature )
{
    bool result = false;

    // Hexa encoding version, more readable
    std::string decodedSignature;
    StringSource(signature, true,
                    new HexDecoder(
                       new StringSink(decodedSignature)));

    StringSource(decodedSignature+message, true,
                    new SignatureVerificationFilter(ECDSA<ECP,SHA256>::Verifier(key),
                       new ArraySink((byte*)&result, sizeof(result))));

    return result;
}

我在想我需要将我的签名编码为 hexa，但它并没有解决我的问题。我已经使用 crypto++ 编写了一个 c++ 版本的签名方法，并且已经过验证。那么为什么当我使用java代码时，签名没有被验证。谢谢

Answer 1

... why when I use the java code, the signature is not verified?

OpenSSL 和 Java 对签名使用 ASN.1/DER 编码，而 Crypto++ 使用 IEEE P1363 的格式进行签名。

• ASN.1:SEQUENCE::= { r INTEGER, s INTEGER }
• P1363: [字节数组 r][字节数组 s]

您需要在格式之间进行转换。 Crypto++ 提供 DSAConvertSignatureFormat 以在格式之间进行转换。在 Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm | OpenSSL and Java Interop 的 Crypto++ wiki 上有一个示例。 .

这是来自 wiki 的 Crypto++ 代码。它使用 OpenSSL 及其命令行工具而不是 Java。由于 OpenSSL 和 Java 以 ASN.1/DER 格式输出签名，因此没有实质性区别。

#include "cryptlib.h"
#include "eccrypto.h"
#include "files.h"
#include "dsa.h"
#include "sha.h"
#include "hex.h"

#include <iostream>

using namespace CryptoPP;

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    // Load DER encoded public key
    FileSource pubKey("secp256k1-pub.der", true /*binary*/);
    ECDSA<ECP, SHA1>::Verifier verifier(pubKey);

    // Java or OpenSSL created signature. It is ANS.1
    //   SEQUENCE ::= { r INTEGER, s INTEGER }.
    const byte derSignature[] = {
        0x30, 0x44, 0x02, 0x20, 0x08, 0x66, 0xc8, 0xf1,
        0x6f, 0x15, 0x00, 0x40, 0x8a, 0xe2, 0x1b, 0x40,
        0x56, 0x28, 0x9c, 0x17, 0x8b, 0xca, 0x64, 0x99,
        0x37, 0xdc, 0x35, 0xad, 0xad, 0x60, 0x18, 0x4d,
        0x63, 0xcf, 0x4a, 0x06, 0x02, 0x20, 0x78, 0x4c,
        0xb7, 0x0b, 0xa3, 0xff, 0x4f, 0xce, 0xd3, 0x01,
        0x27, 0x5c, 0x6c, 0xed, 0x06, 0xf0, 0xd7, 0x63,
        0x6d, 0xc6, 0xbe, 0x06, 0x59, 0xe8, 0xc3, 0xa5,
        0xce, 0x8a, 0xf1, 0xde, 0x01, 0xd5
    };

    // P1363 'r || s' concatenation. The size is 32+32 due to field
    // size for r and s in secp-256. It is not 20+20 due to SHA-1.
    SecByteBlock signature(verifier.SignatureLength());
    DSAConvertSignatureFormat(signature, signature.size(), DSA_P1363,
                              derSignature, sizeof(derSignature), DSA_DER);

    // Message "Attack at dawn!"
    const byte message[] = {
        0x41, 0x74, 0x74, 0x61, 0x63, 0x6b, 0x20, 0x61,
        0x74, 0x20, 0x64, 0x61, 0x77, 0x6e, 0x21, 0x0a
    };

    // https://www.cryptopp.com/wiki/Elliptic_Curve_Digital_Signature_Algorithm
    bool result = verifier.VerifyMessage(message, sizeof(message), signature, signature.size());
    if (result)
        std::cout << "Verified message" << std::endl;
    else
        std::cout << "Failed to verify message" << std::endl;

    return 0;
}

这是运行测试程序的结果。

$ ./test.exe
Signature (64):
0866C8F16F1500408AE21B4056289C178BCA649937DC35ADAD60184D63CF4A06784CB70BA3FF4FCE
D301275C6CED06F0D7636DC6BE0659E8C3A5CE8AF1DE01D5
Verified message

---

这是我用来重现 cat test.txt | 的设置openssl dgst -ecdsa-with-SHA1 -sign sample.key -keyform DER > test.sig。这是来自@DivB 的问题 ECDSA sign with OpenSSL, verify with Crypto++ .

$ cat test.txt
Attack at dawn!

$ hexdump -C test.txt
00000000  41 74 74 61 63 6b 20 61  74 20 64 61 77 6e 21 0a  |Attack at dawn!.|
00000010

# Create private key in PEM format
$ openssl ecparam -name secp256k1 -genkey -noout -out secp256k1-key.pem

$ cat secp256k1-key.pem
-----BEGIN EC PRIVATE KEY-----
MHQCAQEEIO0D5Rjmes/91Nb3dHY9dxmbM7gVfxmB2+OVuLmWMbGXoAcGBSuBBAAK
oUQDQgAEgVNEuirUNCEVdf7nLSBUgU1GXLrtIBeglIbK54s91HlWKOKjk4CkJ3/B
wGAfcYKa+DgJ2IUQSD15K1T/ghM9eQ==
-----END EC PRIVATE KEY-----

# Convert private key to ASN.1/DER format
$ openssl ec -in secp256k1-key.pem -inform PEM -out secp256k1-key.der -outform DER

$ dumpasn1 secp256k1-key.der
  0 116: SEQUENCE {
  2   1:   INTEGER 1
  5  32:   OCTET STRING
       :     ED 03 E5 18 E6 7A CF FD D4 D6 F7 74 76 3D 77 19
       :     9B 33 B8 15 7F 19 81 DB E3 95 B8 B9 96 31 B1 97
 39   7:   [0] {
 41   5:     OBJECT IDENTIFIER secp256k1 (1 3 132 0 10)
       :     }
 48  68:   [1] {
 50  66:     BIT STRING
       :       04 81 53 44 BA 2A D4 34 21 15 75 FE E7 2D 20 54
       :       81 4D 46 5C BA ED 20 17 A0 94 86 CA E7 8B 3D D4
       :       79 56 28 E2 A3 93 80 A4 27 7F C1 C0 60 1F 71 82
       :       9A F8 38 09 D8 85 10 48 3D 79 2B 54 FF 82 13 3D
       :       79
       :     }
       :   }

# Create public key from private key
$ openssl ec -in secp256k1-key.der -inform DER -pubout -out secp256k1-pub.der -outform DER

$ dumpasn1 secp256k1-pub.der
  0  86: SEQUENCE {
  2  16:   SEQUENCE {
  4   7:     OBJECT IDENTIFIER ecPublicKey (1 2 840 10045 2 1)
 13   5:     OBJECT IDENTIFIER secp256k1 (1 3 132 0 10)
       :     }
 20  66:   BIT STRING
       :     04 81 53 44 BA 2A D4 34 21 15 75 FE E7 2D 20 54
       :     81 4D 46 5C BA ED 20 17 A0 94 86 CA E7 8B 3D D4
       :     79 56 28 E2 A3 93 80 A4 27 7F C1 C0 60 1F 71 82
       :     9A F8 38 09 D8 85 10 48 3D 79 2B 54 FF 82 13 3D
       :     79
       :   }

# Sign the message using the private key
$ cat test.txt | openssl dgst -ecdsa-with-SHA1 -sign secp256k1-key.der -keyform DER > test.sig

# Dump the signature as hex
$ hexdump -C test.sig
00000000  30 44 02 20 08 66 c8 f1  6f 15 00 40 8a e2 1b 40  |0D. .f..o..@...@|
00000010  56 28 9c 17 8b ca 64 99  37 dc 35 ad ad 60 18 4d  |V(....d.7.5..`.M|
00000020  63 cf 4a 06 02 20 78 4c  b7 0b a3 ff 4f ce d3 01  |c.J.. xL....O...|
00000030  27 5c 6c ed 06 f0 d7 63  6d c6 be 06 59 e8 c3 a5  |'\l....cm...Y...|
00000040  ce 8a f1 de 01 d5                                 |......|
00000046

# Dump the signature as ASN.1/DER
$ dumpasn1 test.sig
  0  68: SEQUENCE {
  2  32:   INTEGER
       :     08 66 C8 F1 6F 15 00 40 8A E2 1B 40 56 28 9C 17
       :     8B CA 64 99 37 DC 35 AD AD 60 18 4D 63 CF 4A 06
 36  32:   INTEGER
       :     78 4C B7 0B A3 FF 4F CE D3 01 27 5C 6C ED 06 F0
       :     D7 63 6D C6 BE 06 59 E8 C3 A5 CE 8A F1 DE 01 D5
       :   }