c++ - pthread 上的段错误

Question

我正在学习pthread，下面是我的简单代码:

  1 #include <pthread.h>
  2 #include <cstdlib>
  3 #include <iostream>
  4 #include <string>
  5 #include <sstream>
  6
  7 using namespace std;
  8
  9 struct ThreadParam
 10 {
 11     int thread_id;
 12     string message;
 13 };
 14
 15 string int2string(int i)
 16 {
 17     stringstream s;
 18     s << i;
 19     return s.str();
 20 }
 21
 22 void * Hello(void * param)
 23 {
 24     ThreadParam * threadParam = (ThreadParam*)param;
 25
 26     int tid = threadParam->thread_id;
 27     string msg = threadParam->message;
 28     string output = msg + " In thread " + int2string(tid);
 29
 30     cout << output << endl;
 31     pthread_exit(NULL);
 32 }
 33
 34 int main()
 35 {
 36     const int count = 30;
 37     ThreadParam params[count];
 38
 39     pthread_t threads[count];
 40     int rc;
 41     for(int t=0; t < count; t++)
 42     {
 43         cout << "In main: creating thread " << t << endl;
 44
 45         params[t].thread_id = t;
 46         params[t].message = "Hello " + int2string(t) + "!";
 47
 48         rc = pthread_create(&threads[t], NULL, Hello, (void*)&params[t]);
 49
 50         if(rc)
 51         {
 52             cout << "Error! Return code is " << rc << endl << flush;
 53             exit(-1);
 54         }
 55     }
 56     pthread_exit(NULL);
 57 }

我在创建最后一个线程后遇到段错误。输出是:

In main: creating thread 0
In main: creating thread 1
In main: creating thread 2
In main: creating thread 3
In main: creating thread 4
In main: creating thread 5
In main: creating thread 6
In main: creating thread 7
In main: creating thread 8
In main: creating thread 9
In main: creating thread 10
In main: creating thread 11
Hello 0! In thread 0
Hello 1! In thread 1
Hello 2! In thread 2
Hello 3! In thread 3
Hello 4! In thread 4
In main: creating thread 12
In main: creating thread 13
In main: creating thread 14
In main: creating thread 15
In main: creating thread 16
In main: creating thread 17
In main: creating thread 18
In main: creating thread 19
In main: creating thread 20
In main: creating thread 21
In main: creating thread 22
In main: creating thread 23
In main: creating thread 24
In main: creating thread 25
In main: creating thread 26
In main: creating thread 27
In main: creating thread 28
In main: creating thread 29
Segmentation fault

我不知道为什么，有什么线索吗？

Answer 1

查看您的代码我可以看出，在您创建最后一个线程后，您会销毁主线程(“创建者”线程)。这导致该线程的堆栈被释放。但是因为您使用指向主线程堆栈内存的指针(ThreadParam params[count]; 准确地说；您将指向它的指针传递给 pthread_create 函数)然后您尝试读取其他线程中的无效数据。分配给主线程堆栈的内存页面在主线程销毁后被标记为“未使用”或“未分配”，因此您在尝试访问它们时会遇到段错误。

UPD:正如其他人所说，您应该使用 pthread_join 函数等待所有线程完成，然后销毁主线程。