database - Laravel 从另一个项目数据库获取数据

Question

我正在将旧项目数据库移动到新项目数据库。旧项目数据库的结构是单个MYSQL数据库，新项目是包含很多子域的 Multi-Tenancy 数据库。此外，新项目已经设置了一个 RESTFUL API 来接收来自旧项目的数据。因此，我的想法是在新项目中实现多连接，以便将两个数据库链接在一起，然后从旧项目中获取数据。例如，新项目 sales 表是空的，而旧项目 sales 表已经包含一些数据。现在在我的新项目界面中可能有一个同步按钮，以便将数据从旧数据库移动到新数据库中。在将数据发送到新项目之前是否需要传递 API key ？因为它是一个 Multi-Tenancy 结构。

这是我的配置/数据库

'mysql' => array(
            'driver'    => 'mysql',
            'host'      => 'aurora-2016-cluster.cluster-rtygfdfg.ap-southwest-1.rds.amazonaws.com',
            'database'  => 'newProject',
            'username'  => @$_ENV['DB_USER'] ?: '',
            'password'  => @$_ENV['DB_PASS'] ?: '',
            'charset'   => 'utf8',
            'collation' => 'utf8_unicode_ci',
            'prefix'    => '',
        ),

        # Our secondary database connection
        'mysql2' => array(
            'driver'    => 'mysql',
            'host'      => 'localhost',
            'database'  => 'oldProject',
            'username'  => 'root',
            'password'  => '',
            'charset'   => 'utf8',
            'collation' => 'utf8_unicode_ci',
            'prefix'    => '',
        ),

Answer 1

在 laravel 中非常简单打开你的 config/databse.php 文件

你会发现这样的代码

<?php

return [

    /*
    |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
    | Default Database Connection Name
    |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
    |
    | Here you may specify which of the database connections below you wish
    | to use as your default connection for all database work. Of course
    | you may use many connections at once using the Database library.
    |
    */

    'default' => env('DB_CONNECTION', 'mysql'),

    /*
    |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
    | Database Connections
    |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
    |
    | Here are each of the database connections setup for your application.
    | Of course, examples of configuring each database platform that is
    | supported by Laravel is shown below to make development simple.
    |
    |
    | All database work in Laravel is done through the PHP PDO facilities
    | so make sure you have the driver for your particular database of
    | choice installed on your machine before you begin development.
    |
    */

    'connections' => [

        'sqlite' => [
            'driver' => 'sqlite',
            'database' => env('DB_DATABASE', database_path('database.sqlite')),
            'prefix' => '',
            'foreign_key_constraints' => env('DB_FOREIGN_KEYS', true),
        ],

        'mysql' => [
            'driver' => 'mysql',
            'host' => env('DB_HOST', '127.0.0.1'),
            'port' => env('DB_PORT', '3306'),
            'database' => env('DB_DATABASE', 'forge'),
            'username' => env('DB_USERNAME', 'forge'),
            'password' => env('DB_PASSWORD', ''),
            'unix_socket' => env('DB_SOCKET', ''),
            'charset' => 'utf8mb4',
            'collation' => 'utf8mb4_unicode_ci',
            'prefix' => '',
            'prefix_indexes' => true,
            'strict' => true,
            'engine' => null,
        ],

        'pgsql' => [
            'driver' => 'pgsql',
            'host' => env('DB_HOST', '127.0.0.1'),
            'port' => env('DB_PORT', '5432'),
            'database' => env('DB_DATABASE', 'forge'),
            'username' => env('DB_USERNAME', 'forge'),
            'password' => env('DB_PASSWORD', ''),
            'charset' => 'utf8',
            'prefix' => '',
            'prefix_indexes' => true,
            'schema' => 'public',
            'sslmode' => 'prefer',
        ],

        'sqlsrv' => [
            'driver' => 'sqlsrv',
            'host' => env('DB_HOST', 'localhost'),
            'port' => env('DB_PORT', '1433'),
            'database' => env('DB_DATABASE', 'forge'),
            'username' => env('DB_USERNAME', 'forge'),
            'password' => env('DB_PASSWORD', ''),
            'charset' => 'utf8',
            'prefix' => '',
            'prefix_indexes' => true,
        ],

    ],

    /*
    |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
    | Migration Repository Table
    |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
    |
    | This table keeps track of all the migrations that have already run for
    | your application. Using this information, we can determine which of
    | the migrations on disk haven't actually been run in the database.
    |
    */

    'migrations' => 'migrations',

    /*
    |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
    | Redis Databases
    |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
    |
    | Redis is an open source, fast, and advanced key-value store that also
    | provides a richer body of commands than a typical key-value system
    | such as APC or Memcached. Laravel makes it easy to dig right in.
    |
    */

    'redis' => [

        'client' => 'predis',

        'default' => [
            'host' => env('REDIS_HOST', '127.0.0.1'),
            'password' => env('REDIS_PASSWORD', null),
            'port' => env('REDIS_PORT', 6379),
            'database' => env('REDIS_DB', 0),
        ],

        'cache' => [
            'host' => env('REDIS_HOST', '127.0.0.1'),
            'password' => env('REDIS_PASSWORD', null),
            'port' => env('REDIS_PORT', 6379),
            'database' => env('REDIS_CACHE_DB', 1),
        ],

    ],

];

要遵循的步骤

第一步:向数据库连接数组添加新数组

'mysqlSecondConnection' => [
            'driver' => 'mysql',
            'host' => env('DB_HOST1', '127.0.0.1'),
            'port' => env('DB_PORT1', '3306'),
            'database' => env('DB_DATABASE2', 'secondDatabseName'),
            'username' => env('DB_USERNAME2', 'secondDatabseUserName'),
            'password' => env('DB_PASSWORD2', 'secondDatabsePassword'),
            'unix_socket' => env('DB_SOCKET2', ''),
            'charset' => 'utf8mb4',
            'collation' => 'utf8mb4_unicode_ci',
            'prefix' => '',
            'strict' => false,
            'engine' => null,
        ],

在此之后你的文件可能看起来像

<?php

return [

    /*
    |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
    | Default Database Connection Name
    |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
    |
    | Here you may specify which of the database connections below you wish
    | to use as your default connection for all database work. Of course
    | you may use many connections at once using the Database library.
    |
    */

    'default' => env('DB_CONNECTION', 'mysql'),

    /*
    |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
    | Database Connections
    |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
    |
    | Here are each of the database connections setup for your application.
    | Of course, examples of configuring each database platform that is
    | supported by Laravel is shown below to make development simple.
    |
    |
    | All database work in Laravel is done through the PHP PDO facilities
    | so make sure you have the driver for your particular database of
    | choice installed on your machine before you begin development.
    |
    */

    'connections' => [

        'sqlite' => [
            'driver' => 'sqlite',
            'database' => env('DB_DATABASE', database_path('database.sqlite')),
            'prefix' => '',
            'foreign_key_constraints' => env('DB_FOREIGN_KEYS', true),
        ],

        'mysql' => [
            'driver' => 'mysql',
            'host' => env('DB_HOST', '127.0.0.1'),
            'port' => env('DB_PORT', '3306'),
            'database' => env('DB_DATABASE', 'forge'),
            'username' => env('DB_USERNAME', 'forge'),
            'password' => env('DB_PASSWORD', ''),
            'unix_socket' => env('DB_SOCKET', ''),
            'charset' => 'utf8mb4',
            'collation' => 'utf8mb4_unicode_ci',
            'prefix' => '',
            'prefix_indexes' => true,
            'strict' => true,
            'engine' => null,
        ],

        'mysqlSecondConnection' => [
            'driver' => 'mysql',
            'host' => env('DB_HOST1', '127.0.0.1'),
            'port' => env('DB_PORT1', '3306'),
            'database' => env('DB_DATABASE2', 'secondDatabseName'),
            'username' => env('DB_USERNAME2', 'secondDatabseUserName'),
            'password' => env('DB_PASSWORD2', 'secondDatabsePassword'),
            'unix_socket' => env('DB_SOCKET2', ''),
            'charset' => 'utf8mb4',
            'collation' => 'utf8mb4_unicode_ci',
            'prefix' => '',
            'strict' => false,
            'engine' => null,
        ],


        'pgsql' => [
            'driver' => 'pgsql',
            'host' => env('DB_HOST', '127.0.0.1'),
            'port' => env('DB_PORT', '5432'),
            'database' => env('DB_DATABASE', 'forge'),
            'username' => env('DB_USERNAME', 'forge'),
            'password' => env('DB_PASSWORD', ''),
            'charset' => 'utf8',
            'prefix' => '',
            'prefix_indexes' => true,
            'schema' => 'public',
            'sslmode' => 'prefer',
        ],

        'sqlsrv' => [
            'driver' => 'sqlsrv',
            'host' => env('DB_HOST', 'localhost'),
            'port' => env('DB_PORT', '1433'),
            'database' => env('DB_DATABASE', 'forge'),
            'username' => env('DB_USERNAME', 'forge'),
            'password' => env('DB_PASSWORD', ''),
            'charset' => 'utf8',
            'prefix' => '',
            'prefix_indexes' => true,
        ],

    ],

    /*
    |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
    | Migration Repository Table
    |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
    |
    | This table keeps track of all the migrations that have already run for
    | your application. Using this information, we can determine which of
    | the migrations on disk haven't actually been run in the database.
    |
    */

    'migrations' => 'migrations',

    /*
    |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
    | Redis Databases
    |--------------------------------------------------------------------------
    |
    | Redis is an open source, fast, and advanced key-value store that also
    | provides a richer body of commands than a typical key-value system
    | such as APC or Memcached. Laravel makes it easy to dig right in.
    |
    */

    'redis' => [

        'client' => 'predis',

        'default' => [
            'host' => env('REDIS_HOST', '127.0.0.1'),
            'password' => env('REDIS_PASSWORD', null),
            'port' => env('REDIS_PORT', 6379),
            'database' => env('REDIS_DB', 0),
        ],

        'cache' => [
            'host' => env('REDIS_HOST', '127.0.0.1'),
            'password' => env('REDIS_PASSWORD', null),
            'port' => env('REDIS_PORT', 6379),
            'database' => env('REDIS_CACHE_DB', 1),
        ],

    ],

];

第 2 步:在 mysqlSecondConnection 数组中配置您的数据库名称

如果这个项目是团队协作，请不要忘记在 .ENV 文件中添加新属性

第 3 步:现在我们完成了数据库的配置

第 4 步:打开需要与 mysqlSecondConnection 数据库交互的模型

并添加

属性

protected $connection ='mysqlSecondConnection';

在此之后，模式可能看起来像例如:我将其视为 Post.php

<?php

namespace App;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
/**
 * Class Cat
 *
 * @package App
*/

class Post extends Model
{


    /**
     * The connection name for the model.
     *
     * @var string
     */
    protected $connection ='mysqlSecondConnection';

    /**
     * The attributes that aren't mass assignable.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $guarded = ['id'];

     /**
     * The table associated with the model.
     *
     * @var string
     */
    protected $table = 'posts';

    /**
     * The primary key for the model.
     *
     * @var string
     */

    protected $primaryKey = 'id';

    /**
     * The "type" of the auto-incrementing ID.
     *
     * @var string
     */
    protected $keyType = 'int';



    /**
     * The attributes that are mass assignable.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $fillable = ['name','title','desc'];

     /**
     * The attributes that should be hidden for arrays.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $hidden = [];

    /**
     * @var array
     */
    protected $dates = ['created_at','updated_at'];


}

就是这样

现在是测试部分

打开路由文件夹中的 web.php 文件

并粘贴以下代码

Route::get('/testSecondConnection', function () 
{
    $posts= App\Post::all();
    dd($posts);

});

现在导航到 yourApplication/testSecondConnection

现在看到转储中的 connection 属性

已编辑

实际上我忘了添加另一个通过 DB Facade 版本的方法

只需将连接名称传递给 connection 方法中的 DB

虽然使用这个不检查模型

对于 Post 模型中的 $connection 属性

$dbVersion = \DB::connection('mysqlSecondConnection')->table('posts')->get();
dd($dbVersion);

为编辑但哪种方法更有效？

好问题伙计

情况一:

例如:

如果您在项目的所有情况下都将mysqlSecondConnection 用于Post 模型，那么将此添加到您的模型中

protected $connection ='mysqlSecondConnection';

这很好注意 $connection 属性将适用于 Eloquent 而不是 DB Facade

情况二:

`例如:'

如果您只使用少量查询和调用该 mysqlSecondConnection

你不需要添加

protected $connection ='mysqlSecondConnection';

发布模型

DB Facade Version 

$dbVersion = \DB::connection('mysqlSecondConnection')->table('posts')->get();
    dd($dbVersion);

Eloquent Version

$eloquentVersion = Post::on('mysqlSecondConnection')->get()
    dd($eloquentVersion);

您可能会怀疑为什么 DB FACADE 没有在 POST 模型中使用 mysqlSecondConnection

解决方法:

使用DB FACADE

它将查看 config/datbase.php

对于默认数组

用于连接数据库

'default' => env('DB_CONNECTION', 'mysql'),

希望它能帮到你，看起来很清楚