database - 在 Microsoft Access (2010) 中计算年龄(以年和月为单位)

Question

我有两个字段(体检日期和出生日期)。我计算了年龄((体检日期-出生日期)/365.25)。我想要做的是在单独的字段中计算年和月的年龄。我不确定是否可以使用代码生成器或某种方式完成。

Answer 1

虽然 DateDiff() 函数似乎是计算年龄的合理选择，但遗憾的是它不计算两个日期之间经过的整年或月数.例如，假设婴儿出生于 2014 年 12 月 31 日，正好在 48 小时后，即 2015 年 1 月 2 日进行检查。即

DateOfBirth = DateSerial(2014, 12, 31)
DateOfExam = DateSerial(2015, 1, 2)

如果我们简单地使用 DateDiff() 来计算她在考试时的“年龄”(以年和月为单位)，我们将得到

?DateDiff("yyyy", DateOfBirth, DateOfExam)
 1 
?DateDiff("m", DateOfBirth, DateOfExam)
 1 

因此，我们会报告婴儿 1 岁 1 个月大，而实际上她只有 2 天大。

适当的年龄计算需要比这更复杂。下面的 VBA 函数将计算以年和月为单位的“年龄”，返回类似“2 年零 1 个月”的字符串:

Public Function AgeInYearsAndMonths(StartDate As Variant, EndDate As Variant) As Variant
    Dim Date1 As Date, Date2 As Date
    Dim mm1 As Integer, dd1 As Integer, mm2 As Integer, dd2 As Integer
    Dim ageYears As Integer, ageMonths As Integer, rtn As Variant
    rtn = Null
    If Not (IsNull(StartDate) Or IsNull(EndDate)) Then
        If StartDate <= EndDate Then
            Date1 = StartDate
            Date2 = EndDate
        Else
            Date1 = EndDate
            Date2 = StartDate
        End If
        mm1 = Month(Date1)
        dd1 = Day(Date1)
        mm2 = Month(Date2)
        dd2 = Day(Date2)
        ageYears = DateDiff("yyyy", Date1, Date2)
        If (mm1 > mm2) Or (mm1 = mm2 And dd1 > dd2) Then
            ageYears = ageYears - 1
        End If
        ageMonths = DateDiff("m", Date1, Date2) Mod 12
        If dd1 > dd2 Then
            If ageMonths = 0 Then
                ageMonths = 12
            End If
            ageMonths = ageMonths - 1
        End If
        If ageYears = 0 And ageMonths = 0 Then
            rtn = "less than 1 month"
        Else
            rtn = ageYears & " year" & IIf(ageYears = 1, "", "s") & " and " & ageMonths & " month" & IIf(ageMonths = 1, "", "s")
        End If
    End If
    AgeInYearsAndMonths = rtn
End Function