结合 lambda 和 multi-catch 子句时出现 Java 错误？

Question

import java.io.*;             
import java.net.*;            

public class Test {           
    public static void main(String[] arguments) throws Exception {
        Runnable runnable = () -> {
            try {
                throwException();
            }
            catch (SocketException|EOFException exception) {
                System.err.println("wrong");
            }
            catch (IOException exception) {
                System.err.println("right");
            }
        };

        runnable.run();
    }                         

    private static void throwException() throws IOException {
        throw new NotSerializableException();
    }                         
}

为什么这个程序打印“错误”？如果我删除了 lambda，或者如果我拆分了 multi-catch 子句，那么它会打印“right”。

$ javac -version
javac 1.8.0_11
$ java -version
java version "1.8.0_11"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_11-b12)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.11-b03, mixed mode)

Answer 1

这是一个 fixed bug在 1.8.0_20 中，从 1.8.0_11 开始:

Area: tools/javac
Synopsis: javac generates incorrect exception table for multi-catch statements inside a lambda

Handling of try-catch with multiple catches inside a lambda has been corrected.

实际的错误报告是 JDK-8036942

真正出错的是编译器中假定的类型信息丢失:

LTM makes a heavy use of erasure() during translations and mapping of variables. These erasure operations may be correct in most cases but it may lead to an information loss as this case shows. It's also arguably that such an intense use of erasure() is needed here as LTM is applied after TransTypes which is supposed to erase most / all types, so I wonder if this may be a bug in TransTypes. I think that it should be evaluated by Robert Field, which is current maintainer of LTM, what is the best approach here, I will thus reassigning[sic] it to him.

我在 8u20 上看到的(我忘记提供命令行参数并且不再有 8u20 可以正确执行):

wlan1-loopback% /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-oracle/bin/javap -c Test
Compiled from "Test.java"
public class Test {
  public Test();
    Code:
       0: aload_0
       1: invokespecial #1                  // Method java/lang/Object."<init>":()V
       4: return

  public static void main(java.lang.String[]) throws java.lang.Exception;
    Code:
       0: invokedynamic #2,  0              // InvokeDynamic #0:run:()Ljava/lang/Runnable;
       5: astore_1
       6: aload_1
       7: invokeinterface #3,  1            // InterfaceMethod java/lang/Runnable.run:()V
      12: return
}
wlan1-loopback% java Test 
right
wlan1-loopback% java -version
java version "1.8.0_20"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_20-b26)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.20-b23, mixed mode)
wlan1-loopback% 

正确:

public class Test {
  public Test();
    descriptor: ()V
    Code:
       0: aload_0
       1: invokespecial #1                  // Method java/lang/Object."<init>":()V
       4: return

  public static void main(java.lang.String[]) throws java.lang.Exception;
    descriptor: ([Ljava/lang/String;)V
    Code:
       0: invokedynamic #2,  0              // InvokeDynamic #0:run:()Ljava/lang/Runnable;
       5: astore_1
       6: aload_1
       7: invokeinterface #3,  1            // InterfaceMethod java/lang/Runnable.run:()V
      12: return

  private static void throwException() throws java.io.IOException;
    descriptor: ()V
    Code:
       0: new           #4                  // class java/io/NotSerializableException
       3: dup
       4: invokespecial #5                  // Method java/io/NotSerializableException."<init>":()V
       7: athrow

  private static void lambda$main$0();
    descriptor: ()V
    Code:
       0: invokestatic  #6                  // Method throwException:()V
       3: goto          27
       6: astore_0
       7: getstatic     #9                  // Field java/lang/System.err:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
      10: ldc           #10                 // String wrong
      12: invokevirtual #11                 // Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(Ljava/lang/String;)V
      15: goto          27
      18: astore_0
      19: getstatic     #9                  // Field java/lang/System.err:Ljava/io/PrintStream;
      22: ldc           #13                 // String right
      24: invokevirtual #11                 // Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(Ljava/lang/String;)V
      27: return
    Exception table:
       from    to  target type
           0     3     6   Class java/net/SocketException
           0     3     6   Class java/io/EOFException
           0     3    18   Class java/io/IOException
}