java - 尝试在空对象引用上调用虚拟方法 'void android.widget.Button.setOnClickListener(android.view.View$OnClickListener)'

Question

问题如下。我有一个登录 Activity (在 Android Studio 中)，几天前运行良好。我不记得有任何更改，但上次我运行此程序时，应用程序在我单击登录按钮后立即关闭。最后指出的是关于 AsyncTask 预执行的 toast 。而且我不明白为什么会出现 NullPointerException。我的注册 Activity 代码几乎相同，而且运行良好。

这是日志:

05-28 16:04:52.395    1218-1232/system_process V/WindowManager﹕ addAppToken: AppWindowToken{5d89eb token=Token{23ccc93a ActivityRecord{2fe54865 u0 utanashati.reminder/.HomepageActivity t17}}} to stack=1 task=17 at 1
05-28 16:04:52.407  19927-19927/utanashati.reminder D/AndroidRuntime﹕ Shutting down VM
05-28 16:04:52.408  19927-19927/utanashati.reminder E/AndroidRuntime﹕ FATAL EXCEPTION: main
    Process: utanashati.reminder, PID: 19927
    java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity
ComponentInfo{utanashati.reminder/utanashati.reminder.HomepageActivity}: java.lang.NullPointerException: Attempt to invoke virtual method 'void android.widget.Button.setOnClickListener(android.view.View$OnClickListener)' on a null object reference
            at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2325)
            at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2390)
            at android.app.ActivityThread.access$800(ActivityThread.java:151)
            at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1303)
            at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102)
            at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:135)
            at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5257)
            at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
            at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:372)
            at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:903)
            at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:698)
     Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException: Attempt to invoke virtual method 'void android.widget.Button.setOnClickListener(android.view.View$OnClickListener)' on a null object reference
            at utanashati.reminder.HomepageActivity.onCreate(HomepageActivity.java:55)
            at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:5990)
            at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1106)
            at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2278)
            at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2390)
            at android.app.ActivityThread.access$800(ActivityThread.java:151)
            at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1303)
            at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102)
            at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:135)
            at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5257)
            at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
            at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:372)
            at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:903)
            at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:698)
05-28 16:04:52.410    1218-1232/system_process W/ActivityManager﹕ Force finishing activity 1 utanashati.reminder/.HomepageActivity
05-28 16:04:52.411    1218-1232/system_process W/ActivityManager﹕ Force finishing activity 2 utanashati.reminder/.LoginActivity

编辑 1

我睁开眼了，问题不在LoginActivity，而在HomepageActivity。这是代码:

import ...

public class HomepageActivity extends Activity implements AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener {

    protected EditText mAddTaskText;
    protected Spinner mPrioritySpinner;
    protected Button mAddTaskButton;
    protected int intPriority = 0;
    protected String taskText;
    protected Timestamp taskTimestamp;
    protected Task userTask;
    protected JsonGenerator taskJSON;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {                        // Starts activity. The state can be restored from savedInstanceState
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);                                     // Calls the superclass method (IMPORTANT)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_homepage);                             // Sets layout from activity_homepage.xml

        mPrioritySpinner = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.prioritySpinner);        // Creates an ArrayAdapter using the string array and a default spinner layout
        ArrayAdapter<CharSequence> adapter = ArrayAdapter.createFromResource(this,
                R.array.priorityList, android.R.layout.simple_spinner_item);    // Specifies the layout to use when the list of choices appears
        adapter.setDropDownViewResource(android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item);     // Applies the adapter to the spinner
        mPrioritySpinner.setAdapter(adapter);
        mPrioritySpinner.setOnItemSelectedListener(this);

        mAddTaskText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.addTaskEditText);           // Finds View by its id in .xml file
        mAddTaskButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Toast.makeText(HomepageActivity.this, "Done!", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

                Calendar taskCalendar = Calendar.getInstance();             // Creates new calendar
                long taskTime = taskCalendar.getTimeInMillis();             // Gets time in milliseconds
                taskTimestamp = new Timestamp(taskTime);                    // Creates new Timestamp
                taskText = mAddTaskText.getText().toString();               // Gets description of the task

                userTask.setDate(taskTimestamp);                            // Sets date
                userTask.setText(taskText);                                 // Sets text

                /* Creating JsonGenerator */
                ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
                try {
                    mapper.writeValue(taskJSON, userTask);
                }
                catch (IOException e) {
                    Toast.makeText(HomepageActivity.this, "Could not create JSON", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                }

                /* Getting out email and password */
                String userPassword = ((EmailPassword) HomepageActivity.this.getApplication()).getPassword();
                String userEmail = ((EmailPassword) HomepageActivity.this.getApplication()).getUserEmail();
                Toast.makeText(HomepageActivity.this, userEmail + " " + userPassword, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

                /* HTTP stuff */
                HttpPoster get = new HttpPoster();
                get.execute(userEmail, userPassword, taskJSON.toString());
            }
        });
    }

    public int getData (String username, String password, String taskJSON) {
        try {
            HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://something.com/" + username + "/tasks");
            String dataToEncode = username + ":" + password;
            String encodedData = Base64.encodeToString(dataToEncode.getBytes(), Base64.NO_WRAP);
            httpPost.setHeader("Authorization", encodedData);

            try {
                StringEntity taskEntity = new StringEntity(taskJSON, "UTF-8");
                httpPost.setEntity(taskEntity);
            }
            catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
                Toast.makeText(HomepageActivity.this, "Unsupported encoding", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            }

            HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
            HttpResponse response = client.execute(httpPost);
            StatusLine statusLine = response.getStatusLine();
            int statusCode = statusLine.getStatusCode();
            if (statusCode == 200) {
                return 1;
            }
            else if (statusCode == 404) { return 2; }
            else if (statusCode == 500) { return 3; }
            else if (statusCode == 409) { return 4; }
            else { return statusCode; }
        }
        catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return 0;
    }

    public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> parent, View view,
                               int pos, long id) {
        String priority = parent.getItemAtPosition(pos).toString();             // Gets chosen priority
        Toast.makeText(HomepageActivity.this, priority, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        while (!((priority.equals("Low")) || (priority.equals("Medium")) || (priority.equals("High")))) {
            Toast.makeText(HomepageActivity.this, "Something bad happened. Try to choose again", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        }
        if (priority.equals("Low")) {
            intPriority = 0;
        }
        else if (priority.equals("Medium")) {
            intPriority = 1;
        }
        else if (priority.equals("High")) {
            intPriority = 2;
        }
        userTask.setPriority(intPriority);                                      // Sets chosen priority
    }

    public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> parent) {
        userTask.setPriority(intPriority);                                      // Sets default priority ("0")
    }

    public class HttpPoster extends AsyncTask<String, Void, Integer> {

        @Override
        protected void onPreExecute() {
            super.onPreExecute();
        }

        @Override
        protected Integer doInBackground(String... params) {
            return getData(params[0], params[1], params[3]);
        }

        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(Integer result) {
            super.onPostExecute(result);
            if (result == 1) {
                Toast.makeText(HomepageActivity.this, "Login successful", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                Intent takeUserHome = new Intent(HomepageActivity.this, HomepageActivity.class);
                startActivity(takeUserHome);
            }
            else if (result == 2) {
                Toast.makeText(HomepageActivity.this, "No such user", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            }
            else if (result == 3) {
                Toast.makeText(HomepageActivity.this, "Internal server error: unable to send email", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            }
            else if (result == 4) {
                Toast.makeText(HomepageActivity.this, "Task already exists", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            }
            else {
                Toast.makeText(HomepageActivity.this, result.toString(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            }
        }
    }
}

和 XML 文件:

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context="utanashati.testapp.HomepageActivity">

    <EditText
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:hint="Add a new task..."
        android:id="@+id/addTaskEditText"
        android:nestedScrollingEnabled="false"
        android:minLines="1"
        android:maxLines="1" />

    <Spinner
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/prioritySpinner"
        android:layout_alignRight="@+id/addTaskButton"
        android:layout_alignEnd="@+id/addTaskButton"
        android:layout_below="@+id/addTaskEditText" />

    <Button
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Add task"
        android:id="@+id/addTaskButton"
        android:layout_below="@+id/prioritySpinner"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" />

</RelativeLayout>

Answer 1

您正在调用的按钮似乎不在您在 setContentView(R.layout.your_layout) 中使用的布局中检查一下。