objective-c - 将 PNG 图像和其他资源嵌入到 OS X 可执行文件中

Question

现代应用程序以图形为中心。向用户显示信息或为灰色应用程序提供创造性、艺术感的图形。大多数时候，在运行时加载图形是有意义的:在图像编辑程序中，设置自定义个人资料图片时等。

但是应该不变的图形呢？例如，我有一个应用程序，旨在为登录屏幕提供背景。此背景永远不会在应用程序的版本中更改，因此不应位于需要与可执行文件一起提供的单独文件中。其他程序和用户也可能修改单独的文件。 Xcode 附带了一个聪明的 Assets 系统，它允许您将 Assets 添加到 assets.xcassets 文件，然后使用像 imageNamed:@"nameOfImageInAssets.png"这样的方法来创建 NSImage其中名称表示 Assets 包中的图像，Xcode 会自动将其复制到应用程序的资源文件夹中。

这不是可移植的，Windows 资源文件也不是。我看过很多文章，其中大部分建议使用xxd或gnu链接器来转这个图像:

使用命令进入头文件:xxd -i Users/用户名/Pictures/SaltBae.png SaltBae.h

SaltBae.h

unsigned char _Users_username_Pictures_SaltBae_png[] = {

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0x6a, 0x75, 0x77, 0x8b, 0x86, 0xdc, 0x58, 0x57, 0x45, 0x52, 0xe9, 0x84,
0x81, 0x7c, 0x91, 0x28, 0x55, 0x23, 0x96, 0x13, 0xd7, 0x24, 0xbe, 0xac,
0x17, 0xfa, 0xf2, 0x78, 0x63, 0xc7, 0x82, 0x08, 0xda, 0xa6, 0xc5, 0x50,
0x55, 0x04, 0xe5, 0x65, 0x5b, 0x06, 0xde, 0xce, 0xf0, 0x24, 0xf3, 0x4e,
0x70, 0xb5, 0x15, 0x6a, 0x34, 0x7b, 0x11, 0x9d, 0xbe, 0x10, 0x53, 0xd0,
0xa8, 0x86, 0x2e, 0x76, 0xb6, 0x2a, 0x9d, 0x2c, 0x48, 0x3c, 0x5b, 0xa2,
0xc8, 0x3a, 0x37, 0xd4, 0x9d, 0xed, 0x6c, 0x4a, 0xab, 0x95, 0x6e, 0x08,
0x66, 0x3d, 0x5a, 0xad, 0x4d, 0x18, 0xc8, 0xca, 0xfa, 0xd5, 0x85, 0x6f,
0xf9, 0x5f, 0xde, 0x02, 0x30, 0xff, 0x03, 0x8c, 0x47, 0x35, 0xad, 0xbc,
0xbf, 0x26, 0x1f, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x49, 0x45, 0x4e, 0x44, 0xae,
0x42, 0x60, 0x82

};

unsigned int _Users_username_Pictures_SaltBae_png_len = 1863;

我敢肯定，阅读起来非常痛苦，将其存储在磁盘上也同样痛苦。以上文件仅适用于您看到的图像的 20*20 版本。可以想象，以这种方式存储时，高清图像的文件大小会变得非常大。原始包含文件根本行不通。

有人建议的解决方法是使用预编译 header ，但据我所知，这是以可移植性为代价的。

暂时忽略大小问题我遇到了另一个问题:我似乎无法从文件中的 unsigned char 数组创建 NSImage。

我最终得到了以下代码:

auto test = (unsigned char * _Nullable *)&_Users_username_Pictures_SaltBae_png[0];
NSBitmapImageRep *rep = [[NSBitmapImageRep alloc]
                              initWithBitmapDataPlanes:nil
                              pixelsWide:20
                              pixelsHigh:20
                              bitsPerSample:16
                              samplesPerPixel:3
                              hasAlpha:NO
                              isPlanar:NO
                              colorSpaceName:NSDeviceRGBColorSpace
                              bytesPerRow:(3*2*20)
                              bitsPerPixel:48];
NSImage *theImage = [[NSImage alloc] initWithSize:NSMakeSize(20, 20)];
[theImage addRepresentation:rep];

然后我继续为图像命名并将 NSView 的内容设置为图像。 theImage.name = @"customImage"; [查看 setBackgroundImage:@"customImage"];

根据我传递给位图的参数，它要么是空白的，要么会抛出访问错误。当将 View 的图像设置为应用程序资源文件夹中的某个内容时，图像工作正常: [查看 setBackgroundImage:@"imageInResourceFolder"];所以我的问题是:如何使用 Xcode 将数据(图像、音频等)正确、可移植地嵌入到可执行文件中，以及如何正确访问 header 中的数据以定义可用作我的面板的背景？

更新:

Daij 的回答解决了我访问数据的问题，我能够从嵌入式数据中生成以下窗口:

Answer 1

似乎你拥有它大部分......只需捕获字节*将其放入 NSData 并将其制作成图像

NSData *imageData = [NSData dataWithBytes:byteArray length:arrayLength];
NSImage *image = [[NSImage alloc] initWithData:imageData];

这假设您拥有的指针指向有效的图像数据；)

---

你可以只链接到 ld(搜索我的 github 示例 DDEmbeddedDataReader，但任何过程都有效。#define 数组或将其放入 .c 文件中的变量中......随你喜欢:)

...我写了 DDEmbeddedDataReader 看看这是否值得，但我决定只使用外部 Assets 。为什么？您不想增加资源的二进制大小...