java - 从 Java DOM 中的 XML 获取元素名称

Question

我想获取元素名称并打印XML中的数据，但不确定如何获取特定元素下的数据。

这是 XML 示例和我的代码。

   <mdb>
    <movies>
    <movie id="godfather">
      <title>The Godfather</title>
      <year>1972</year>
      <directors>
        <director idref="francisfordcoppola"/>
      </directors>
      <genres>
        <genre>Crime</genre>
        <genre>Drama</genre>
      </genres>
       <cast>
        <performer>
          <actor idref="marlonbrando"/>
          <role>Don Vito Corleone</role>
        </performer>
     </cast>
    </movie>
    </movies>

    <performer id="kimnovak">
      <name>Marilyn Pauline Novak</name>
      <dob>1933-02-13</dob>
      <pob>Chicago, Illinois, USA</pob>
      <actedin>
        <movie idref="vertigo"/>
      </actedin>
    </performer>
    </mdb>



try {
        File fXmlFile = new File(filename);
        DocumentBuilderFactory dbFactory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
        DocumentBuilder dBuilder = dbFactory.newDocumentBuilder();
        Document doc = dBuilder.parse(fXmlFile);

        NodeList nodes = doc.getElementsByTagName("movie");
         System.out.println("nodes length"+ nodes.getLength());
        for (int i = 0; i < nodes.getLength(); i++){
            Element element = (Element) nodes.item(i);
            NodeList name = element.getElementsByTagName("title");
            Element line = (Element) name.item(0);
            System.out.println(": " + line.getFirstChild().getTextContent());

我只想获取电影中的元素。但下面的代码也读取 <movie idref="vertigo"/>在执行者内部(如果我想获取内容，则会导致 Nullpointer 异常)；我想知道是否有任何可能的方法来避免使用 DOM 读取性能下的内容？

NodeList nodes = doc.getElementsByTagName("movie");

第一部电影的最终输出应该是这样的

('godfather', 'The Godfather', '1972', 'Crime;Drama')

Answer 1

一种方法是从电影标签而不是电影标签开始读取。不确定这是否是您要找的东西!

NodeList nodes = doc.getElementsByTagName("movies");

Element element = (Element) nodes.item(0);
NodeList movieList = element.getElementsByTagName("movie");
for (int i = 0; i < movieList.getLength(); i++) {
    Element movieElement = (Element) movieList.item(i);
    System.out.println(movieElement.getAttributes().getNamedItem("id").getNodeValue());
    NodeList name = movieElement.getElementsByTagName("title");
    NodeList year = movieElement.getElementsByTagName("year");
    NodeList genres = movieElement.getElementsByTagName("genres");
    Element genreline = (Element) genres.item(0);

    System.out.println(name.item(0).getFirstChild().getTextContent());
    System.out.println(year.item(0).getFirstChild().getTextContent());
    System.out.println(genreline.getElementsByTagName("genre").item(0).getTextContent() 
               + ":" + genreline.getElementsByTagName("genre").item(1).getTextContent());
}

输出:

: godfather
: The Godfather
: 1972
: Crime:Drama