python - 如何在显示大量文本时加快滚动响应速度

Question

我正在尝试创建一个 Python 脚本来突出显示 .txt 文件中的特定模式。为此，我修改了一个脚本，该脚本使用 Tkinter 突出显示一组给定的数据。但是，我倾向于让它处理的文件大约有 10000 行，这导致滚动缓慢，因为我认为它呈现所有内容 - 无论它是否在屏幕上(如果我是，请纠正我错误的)。是否可以更改我的代码以更有效地呈现输出？我曾尝试寻找一种方法来做到这一点，但我自己没有找到任何东西。

我的代码如下:

from Tkinter import *

class FullScreenApp(object):
    def __init__(self, master, **kwargs):
        self.master=master
        pad=3
        self._geom='200x200+0+0'
        master.geometry("{0}x{1}+0+0".format(
            master.winfo_screenwidth()-pad, master.winfo_screenheight()-pad))
        master.bind('<Escape>',self.toggle_geom)            
    def toggle_geom(self,event):
        geom=self.master.winfo_geometry()
        print(geom,self._geom)
        self.master.geometry(self._geom)
        self._geom=geom

root = Tk()
app = FullScreenApp(root)
t = Text(root)
t.pack()

#Import file
with open('data.txt') as f:
    for line in f:
        t.insert(END, line)

#Search terms - Leave blank if not required       
search_term0 = '0xCAFE'
search_term1 = '0x0011'
search_term2 = '0x961E'
search_term3 = '0x0000'
search_term4 = ''

#Assigns highlighted colours for terms not blank
t.tag_config(search_term0, background='red')
if search_term1 != '':
    t.tag_config(search_term1, background='red')
if search_term2 != '':    
    t.tag_config(search_term2, background='red')
if search_term3 != '':
    t.tag_config(search_term3, background='red')
if search_term4 != '':
    t.tag_config(search_term4, background='red')

#Define search
#Requires text widget, the keyword, and a tag
def search(text_widget, keyword, tag):
    pos = '1.0'
    while True:
        idx = text_widget.search(keyword, pos, END)
        if not idx:
            break
        pos = '{}+{}c'.format(idx, len(keyword))
        text_widget.tag_add(tag, idx, pos)

#Search for terms that are not blank
search(t, search_term0, search_term0)
if search_term1 != '':
    search(t, search_term1, search_term1)
if search_term2 != '':
    search(t, search_term2, search_term2)
if search_term3 != '':
    search(t, search_term3, search_term3)
if search_term4 != '':
    search(t, search_term4, search_term3)

root.mainloop()

文件中的数据示例在以下链接中给出:here

非常感谢您的宝贵时间，非常感谢。

Answer 1

假设 MCVE 如下:

import tkinter as tk


def create_text(text_len):
    _text = list()
    for _ in range(text_len):
        _text.append("{}\n".format(_))
    _text = "".join(_text)
    return _text


if __name__ == '__main__':
    root = tk.Tk()
    txt = tk.Text(root)

    txt.text = create_text(10000)
    txt.insert('end', txt.text)

    txt.pack()
    root.mainloop()

分析

基于 this我不认为这是渲染问题。我认为 fixed rate of registering <KeyPress> events 是个问题.这意味着每秒注册的事件数是固定的，即使硬件可能能够以更快的速度注册。类似的规定也适用于鼠标滚动事件。

---

渲染解决方案

可能为 txt['height'] 的缓冲区比例切片文本有助于。但无论如何，这不应该是 Tk 应该呈现的方式吗？

---

渲染无关问题的解决方案

如果将一个步骤定义为光标移动到上一行或下一行，对于每个已注册的Up 或Down 事件；然后scrolling_speed = step * event_register_frequency .

---

通过增加步长

一个简单的解决方法是简单地增加步长，就像增加要跳转的行数一样，为每个键绑定(bind)注册。

但是已经有这样的默认行为，假设页面长度 > 1 行，Page Up 或 Page Down 的步长为一页。这使得滚动速度增加，即使事件注册率保持不变。

或者，可以定义一个具有更大步长的新事件处理程序来为每次注册Up和Down调用多个光标移动，例如:

import tkinter as tk


def create_text(text_len):
    _text = list()
    for _ in range(text_len):
        _text.append("{}\n".format(_))
    _text = "".join(_text)
    return _text


def step(event):
    if txt._step_size != 1:
        _no_of_lines_to_jump = txt._step_size
        if event.keysym == 'Up':
            _no_of_lines_to_jump *= -1

        _position = root.tk.call('tk::TextUpDownLine', txt, _no_of_lines_to_jump)
        root.tk.call('tk::TextSetCursor', txt, _position)
        return "break"

if __name__ == '__main__':
    root = tk.Tk()
    txt = tk.Text(root)

    txt.text = create_text(10000)
    txt.insert('end', txt.text)

    txt._step_size = 12
    txt.bind("<Up>", step)
    txt.bind("<Down>", step)

    txt.pack()
    root.mainloop()

通过模仿按键事件注册率增加:

如 here 中所述实际上修改按键注册表率超出了 Tk 的范围。相反，它可以被模仿:

import tkinter as tk


def create_text(text_len):
    _text = list()
    for _ in range(text_len):
        _text.append("{}\n".format(_))
    _text = "".join(_text)
    return _text


def step_up(*event):
    _position = root.tk.call('tk::TextUpDownLine', txt, -1)
    root.tk.call('tk::TextSetCursor', txt, _position)

    if txt._repeat_on:
        root.after(txt._repeat_freq, step_up)
    return "break"


def step_down(*event):
    _position = root.tk.call('tk::TextUpDownLine', txt, 1)
    root.tk.call('tk::TextSetCursor', txt, _position)

    if txt._repeat_on:
        root.after(txt._repeat_freq, step_down)
    return "break"


def stop(*event):
    if txt._repeat_on:
        txt._repeat_on = False
        root.after(txt._repeat_freq + 1, stop)
    else:
        txt._repeat_on = True

if __name__ == '__main__':

    root = tk.Tk()

    txt = tk.Text(root)

    txt.text = create_text(10000)
    txt.insert('end', txt.text)
    txt._repeat_freq = 100
    txt._repeat_on = True

    txt.bind("<KeyPress-Up>", step_up)
    txt.bind("<KeyRelease-Up>", stop)
    txt.bind("<KeyPress-Down>", step_down)
    txt.bind("<KeyRelease-Down>", stop)

    txt.pack()
    root.mainloop()

通过增加步长和模仿注册率增加

import tkinter as tk


def create_text(text_len):
    _text = list()
    for _ in range(text_len):
        _text.append("{}\n".format(_))
    _text = "".join(_text)
    return _text


def step_up(*event):
    _no_of_lines_to_jump = -txt._step_size
    _position = root.tk.call('tk::TextUpDownLine', txt, _no_of_lines_to_jump)
    root.tk.call('tk::TextSetCursor', txt, _position)

    if txt._repeat_on:
        root.after(txt._repeat_freq, step_up)
    return "break"


def step_down(*event):
    _no_of_lines_to_jump = txt._step_size
    _position = root.tk.call('tk::TextUpDownLine', txt, _no_of_lines_to_jump)
    root.tk.call('tk::TextSetCursor', txt, _position)

    if txt._repeat_on:
        root.after(txt._repeat_freq, step_down)
    return "break"


def stop(*event):
    if txt._repeat_on:
        txt._repeat_on = False
        root.after(txt._repeat_freq + 1, stop)
    else:
        txt._repeat_on = True

if __name__ == '__main__':

    root = tk.Tk()

    txt = tk.Text(root)

    txt.text = create_text(10000)
    txt.insert('end', txt.text)
    txt._step_size = 1
    txt._repeat_freq = 100
    txt._repeat_on = True

    txt.bind("<KeyPress-Up>", step_up)
    txt.bind("<KeyRelease-Up>", stop)
    txt.bind("<KeyPress-Down>", step_down)
    txt.bind("<KeyRelease-Down>", stop)

    txt.pack()
    root.mainloop()