python - 在 pip3 中安装 jupyterlab 抛出 'TypeError: expected string or bytes-like object'

Question

背景

• 我尝试使用 pip3 install jupyterlab 安装 Jupyter Lab，但它抛出了同样的错误。

• 我没弄清楚。使用 pip2 install jupyterlab 找到了解决方法——它有效，但显然是创可贴修复。

• 尝试在 python3 笔记本(在 jupyter 实验室内)中运行 import pandas as pd；找不到模块。

• 我在 PC 上使用 Cygwin 作为我的 linux 模拟器。

• 我更喜欢 python3.x 而不是 python 2.7。

我尝试解决这个问题

• 类似报道的 JupyterLab 帖子 - 我在这里找到这篇帖子:Import pandas on jupyter ipython notebook fails ，但我相信作者使用的是 anaconda(我不是)并且类型错误不同。

• 我找到了一篇与我的 TypeError 相关的帖子，但那是针对他正在编写的代码:Getting a TypeError: expected string or bytes-like object .

我很难解释回溯，但它在下面:

$ pip install --upgrade pip
Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 215, in main
    status = self.run(options, args)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/commands/install.py", line 335, in run
    wb.build(autobuilding=True)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/wheel.py", line 749, in build
    self.requirement_set.prepare_files(self.finder)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/req/req_set.py", line 380, in prepare_files
    ignore_dependencies=self.ignore_dependencies))
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/req/req_set.py", line 487, in _prepare_file
    req_to_install, finder)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/req/req_set.py", line 428, in _check_skip_installed
    req_to_install, upgrade_allowed)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/index.py", line 465, in find_requirement
    all_candidates = self.find_all_candidates(req.name)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/index.py", line 427, in find_all_candidates
    self._package_versions(page.links, search)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/index.py", line 595, in _package_versions
    v = self._link_package_versions(link, search)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/index.py", line 667, in _link_package_versions
    support_this_python = check_requires_python(link.requires_python)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages/pip/utils/packaging.py", line 34, in check_requires_python
    return python_version in requires_python_specifier
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages/packaging/specifiers.py", line 698, in __contains__
    return self.contains(item)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages/packaging/specifiers.py", line 703, in contains
    item = parse(item)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages/packaging/version.py", line 31, in parse
    return Version(version)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages/packaging/version.py", line 200, in __init__
    match = self._regex.search(version)
TypeError: expected string or bytes-like object

为什么返回的版本不是字符串或字节？我的 python 3.6 包本身有错误吗？我正在考虑在回溯中打开这些文件以查看是否可以调试它，但我认为我应该在尝试听起来有点荒谬的事情之前寻求帮助，imo。

我尝试过的其他事情

• pip2 install --upgrade pip - 这将返回一条消息，说明 python2.7 中的 pip 是最新的。

追溯(pip2):

$ pip2 install --upgrade pip
Requirement already up-to-date: pip in /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages

• pip3 install --upgrade pip - 这会返回与上面相同的 TypeError

回溯 (pip3):查看第一个回溯

pip 版本和 python 站点输出

$ pip2 --version
pip 9.0.1 from /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages (python 2.7)

$ python -m site
sys.path = [
    '/home/jennings/Documents/hpv/hpv_missed_clinics',
    '/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/logilab_common-1.3.0-py2.7.egg',
    '/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/six-1.9.0-py2.7.egg',
    '/usr/lib/python27.zip',
    '/usr/lib/python2.7',
    '/usr/lib/python2.7/plat-cygwin',
    '/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-tk',
    '/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-old',
    '/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload',
    '/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages',
    '/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/gtk-2.0',
    '/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/wx-3.0-gtk3',
]
USER_BASE: '/home/jennings/.local' (exists)
USER_SITE: '/home/jennings/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages' (doesn't exist)
ENABLE_USER_SITE: True

$ pip --version
pip 9.0.1 from /usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages (python 3.6)

$ python3 -m site
sys.path = [
    '/home/jennings/Documents/hpv/hpv_missed_clinics',
    '/usr/lib/python36.zip',
    '/usr/lib/python3.6',
    '/usr/lib/python3.6/lib-dynload',
    '/usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages',
    '/home/jennings/Documents/kaggle/SQL_scavenger/src/bq-helper',
    '/usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages/linkgrammar',
]
USER_BASE: '/home/jennings/.local' (exists)
USER_SITE: '/home/jennings/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages' (doesn't exist)
ENABLE_USER_SITE: True

Answer 1

真正的解决方法是硬着头皮使用虚拟环境来确保包工作，无论是使用 Anaconda-gui、conda、pipenv、poetry 或 venv 直接(你应该可以谷歌)。

我当时时间紧迫，下面 Wʜᴀᴄᴋᴀᴍᴀᴅᴏᴏᴅʟᴇ3000 的回答给了我创可贴来完成我需要做的事情。为了存档目的，我将把它留在这里。

---

评论中的每 ᴡʜᴀᴄᴋᴀᴍᴀᴅᴏᴏᴅʟᴇ3000 个答案已被删除，此修复。如果您是 ᴡʜᴀᴄᴋᴀᴍᴀᴅᴏᴏᴅʟᴇ3000 并且看到此编辑，请随时发表评论，我可以将其标记为“已接受的答案”。根据 Greg Schmit 的建议，我也将答案移至本节。我是 stackexchange 的新手，所以如果您知道如何联系 ᴡʜᴀᴄᴋᴀᴍᴀᴅᴏᴏᴅʟᴇ3000，请帮忙。这是目前的答案，除非有人可以提供更多见解。不确定这种并发症是否与 cygwin 相关。

• 打开文件“/usr/lib/python3.6/site-packages/packaging/version.py”

• 将第 200 行的代码从 match = self._regex.search(version) 更改为 match = self._regex.search(str(version))

• 重新运行代码 pip3 install jupyterlab

现在，当我运行 import pandas as pd

时，python3 pandas 模块在 jupyterlab 中被识别出来了