python - Mechanize 提交表单字符编码问题

Question

我正在尝试抓取 http://www.nscb.gov.ph/ggi/database.asp ，特别是您从选择市/省获得的所有表格。我将 python 与 lxml.html 和 Mechanize 一起使用。到目前为止，我的抓取工具工作正常，但是在提交市政当局 [19]“Peñarrubia，Abra”时，我收到 HTTP Error 500: Internal Server Error。我怀疑这是由于字符编码。我的猜测是 ene 字符(n 上面有波浪号)导致了这个问题。我该如何解决这个问题？

我的脚本的这一部分的工作示例如下所示。由于我刚刚开始使用 python(并且经常使用我在 SO 上找到的片段)，因此非常感谢任何进一步的评论。

from BeautifulSoup import BeautifulSoup
import mechanize
import lxml.html
import csv



class PrettifyHandler(mechanize.BaseHandler):
    def http_response(self, request, response):
        if not hasattr(response, "seek"):
            response = mechanize.response_seek_wrapper(response)
        # only use BeautifulSoup if response is html
        if response.info().dict.has_key('content-type') and ('html' in response.info().dict['content-type']):
            soup = BeautifulSoup(response.get_data())
            response.set_data(soup.prettify())
        return response

site = "http://www.nscb.gov.ph/ggi/database.asp"

output_mun = csv.writer(open(r'output-municipalities.csv','wb'))
output_prov = csv.writer(open(r'output-provinces.csv','wb'))

br = mechanize.Browser()
br.add_handler(PrettifyHandler())


# gets municipality stats
response = br.open(site)
br.select_form(name="form2")
muns = br.find_control("strMunicipality2", type="select").items
# municipality #19 is not working, those before do
for pos, item in enumerate(muns[19:]): 
    br.select_form(name="form2")
    br["strMunicipality2"] = [item.name]
    print pos, item.name 
    response = br.submit(id="button2", type="submit")
    html = response.read()
    root = lxml.html.fromstring(html)
    table = root.xpath('//table')[1]
    data = [
               [td.text_content().strip() for td in row.findall("td")] 
               for row in table.findall("tr")
           ]
    print data, "\n"
    for row in data[2:]:
        if row: 
            row.append(item.name)
            output_mun.writerow([s.encode('utf8') if type(s) is unicode else s for s in row])
    response = br.open(site) #go back button not working

# provinces follow here

非常感谢!

编辑:具体来说，错误发生在这一行

response = br.submit(id="button2", type="submit")

Answer 1

好的，找到了。它是转换为 unicode 和美化默认返回 utf-8 的漂亮汤。你应该使用:

response.set_data(soup.prettify(encoding='latin-1'))