python - Flask、SQLAlchemy 和 Jinja2 - UnicodeDecodeError

Question

我有一个 Web 应用程序，它使用 Flask、SQLAlchemy 和 WTForms，以及必要的 Flask 扩展以使其全部正常工作。 MySQL 对所有表和列使用 utf8_bin。

我插入了一些中文字符并且 phpMyAdmin 正确显示了它们，但是每当我尝试打开一个页面时，我都会遇到以下异常:

UnicodeDecodeError:“ascii”编解码器无法解码位置 0 中的字节 0xe6:序号不在范围内 (128)

我知道我应该decode('utf8') 我想显示的字段，但这不应该由 SQLAlchemy 为我处理吗？

我设法完成这项工作的唯一方法是遍历结果列表并执行类似以下操作:

object.property = object.property.decode('utf8')

但显然这不应该是手工完成的。我错过了什么？

更新:SQLAlchemy 映射

class Thread(db.Model):

    __tablename__ = 'Thread'

    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    title = db.Column(db.Unicode(255), nullable=False)
    body = db.Column(db.Text, nullable=True)
    date_created = db.Column(db.DateTime, nullable=False, default=datetime.now())
    created_by = db.Column(db.Integer, ForeignKey(User.id))
    user = relationship(User, backref='threads')
    display_hash = db.Column(db.Unicode(255), nullable=False, unique=True)
    display_name = db.Column(db.Unicode(255), nullable=True)
    nsfw = db.Column(db.Boolean, nullable=False, default=False)
    last_updated = db.Column(db.DateTime, nullable=False)

    def __init__(self, title=None, body=None, category_id=None, display_name=None):
        self.title = title
        self.body = body
        self.category_id = category_id
        self.display_name = display_name
        self.display_hash = custom_uuid()
        self.last_updated = self.date_created

    def __repr__(self):
        return u'<Thread %r>' % (self.title)

    def url_title(self):
        """ Generates an ASCII-only slug. """

        result = []
        for word in _punct_re.split(self.title.lower()):
            result.extend(unidecode(word).split())
        return unicode(u'-'.join(result))

更新:堆栈跟踪

`127.0.0.1 - - [06/Oct/2013 02:37:15] "GET /index HTTP/1.1" 500 -
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/homedirectory/.virtualenvs/fruitshow/lib/python2.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1836, in __call__
    return self.wsgi_app(environ, start_response)
  File "/Users/homedirectory/.virtualenvs/fruitshow/lib/python2.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1820, in wsgi_app
    response = self.make_response(self.handle_exception(e))
  File "/Users/homedirectory/.virtualenvs/fruitshow/lib/python2.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1403, in handle_exception
    reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
  File "/Users/homedirectory/.virtualenvs/fruitshow/lib/python2.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1817, in wsgi_app
    response = self.full_dispatch_request()
  File "/Users/homedirectory/.virtualenvs/fruitshow/lib/python2.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1477, in full_dispatch_request
    rv = self.handle_user_exception(e)
  File "/Users/homedirectory/.virtualenvs/fruitshow/lib/python2.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1381, in handle_user_exception
    reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
  File "/Users/homedirectory/.virtualenvs/fruitshow/lib/python2.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1475, in full_dispatch_request
    rv = self.dispatch_request()
  File "/Users/homedirectory/.virtualenvs/fruitshow/lib/python2.7/site-packages/flask/app.py", line 1461, in dispatch_request
    return self.view_functions[rule.endpoint](**req.view_args)
  File "/Users/homedirectory/Projects/Assorted/Fruit Show/app/views.py", line 90, in index
    return render_template('index.html', threads=threads, pagination=pagination)
  File "/Users/homedirectory/.virtualenvs/fruitshow/lib/python2.7/site-packages/flask/templating.py", line 128, in render_template
    context, ctx.app)
  File "/Users/homedirectory/.virtualenvs/fruitshow/lib/python2.7/site-packages/flask/templating.py", line 110, in _render
    rv = template.render(context)
  File "/Users/homedirectory/.virtualenvs/fruitshow/lib/python2.7/site-packages/jinja2/environment.py", line 969, in render
    return self.environment.handle_exception(exc_info, True)
  File "/Users/homedirectory/.virtualenvs/fruitshow/lib/python2.7/site-packages/jinja2/environment.py", line 742, in handle_exception
    reraise(exc_type, exc_value, tb)
  File "/Users/homedirectory/Projects/Assorted/Fruit Show/app/templates/index.html", line 1, in top-level template code
    {% extends 'base.html' %}
  File "/Users/homedirectory/Projects/Assorted/Fruit Show/app/templates/base.html", line 50, in top-level template code
    {% block content %}
  File "/Users/homedirectory/Projects/Assorted/Fruit Show/app/templates/index.html", line 14, in block "content"
    <a href="{{ url_for('new_thread') }}/{{ thread.display_hash|safe }}/{{ thread.url_title()|safe }}">{{ thread.title|safe }}</a>
  File "/Users/homedirectory/.virtualenvs/fruitshow/lib/python2.7/site-packages/jinja2/filters.py", line 747, in do_mark_safe
    return Markup(value)
  File "/Users/homedirectory/.virtualenvs/fruitshow/lib/python2.7/site-packages/markupsafe/__init__.py", line 72, in __new__
    return text_type.__new__(cls, base)
UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xe6 in position 0: ordinal not in range(128)`

更新:项目 repo 的 URL:

https://github.com/ruipacheco/fruitshow

Answer 1

问题出在我使用的 MySQL 驱动程序上。

我关注了this回答并将列类型从 utf8_bin 切换到 utf8_general_ci 就可以了。