c++ - 在 OpenMPI 中混合使用 Intel C++ 和 Fortran 时出现 undefined reference

Question

我在使用 Open MPI 1.8.4 和英特尔编译器 v15.2 时遇到编译问题。这是一个使用 Fortran 和 C++ 的大型代码。该代码之前是使用 Open MPI 1.6 编译的，问题不存在。

这是生成文件的内容:

ifdef TAUDEBUG
    FC=tau_f90.sh
    COMP=tau_f90.sh
    CXX=tau_cxx.sh
    CXXFLAGS=
    CXXOPT=
    LINKER=tau_cxx.sh
else
    FC=mpif90
    COMP=mpif90
    CXX=mpic++
    CXXFLAGS=
    CXXOPT=
    LINKER=$(CXX)
endif


CXXLINKFLAGS += -I/cm/shared/apps/openmpi/intel/1.8.4/lib -Wl,-rpath -Wl,/cm/shared/apps/openmpi/intel/1.8.4/lib -Wl,--enable-new-dtags -L/cm/shared/apps/openmpi/intel/1.8.4/lib -lmpi_usempif08 -lmpi_usempi_ignore_tkr -lmpi_mpifh -lmpi

FORTFLAGS= -DFORTRAN_UNDERSCORE -DFORTRAN_LOWERCASE

我遇到的问题是 C++ 代码正在使用一些 Fortran 例程，而 mpic++ 需要与 Fortran 库链接。

使用 Open MPI 1.6 完成:

CXXLINKFLAGS += -L/usr/mpi/intel/openmpi-1.6/lib64 -lmpi_f90 

它奏效了。

从 OpenMPI v.1.7 开始，mpif90 已被弃用。并且 libmpi_f90 不再存在。所有 Fortran 相关例程均由 libmpi_usempif08* 和 libmpi_mpifh* 处理。

这就是我挣扎的地方。

我试过了

CXXLINKFLAGS += -L/cm/shared/apps/openmpi/intel/1.8.4/lib -lmpi_usempif08 -lmpi_mpifh -lmpi -lmpi_usempi_ignore_tkr 

代码的 Fortran 部分编译得很好，但是当它到达 mpic++ 时，我开始收到很多“ undefined reference ”错误:

mpic++  rflump.o main.o -o ../rflump -O .././build_lib/libflu.a      -L/cm/shared/apps/openmpi/intel/1.8.4/lib -lmpi_usempif08 -lmpi_mpifh -lmpi -lmpi_usempi_ignore_tkr 

rflump.f90:(.text+0x56): undefined reference to `for_cpystr'
.././build_lib/libflu.a(RFLU_EndFlowSolver.o): In function `rflu_endflowsolver_':
RFLU_EndFlowSolver.f90:(.text+0x2a): undefined reference to `for_cpystr'
.././build_lib/libflu.a(RFLU_FlowSolver.o): In function `rflu_flowsolver_':
RFLU_FlowSolver.f90:(.text+0x2d): undefined reference to `for_cpystr'
.././build_lib/libflu.a(RFLU_InitFlowSolver.o): In function `rflu_initflowsolver_':
RFLU_InitFlowSolver.f90:(.text+0x4e): undefined reference to `for_cpystr'
RFLU_InitFlowSolver.f90:(.text+0x1b3): undefined reference to `for_inquire'
RFLU_InitFlowSolver.f90:(.text+0x1c59): undefined reference to `for_cpstr'
RFLU_InitFlowSolver.f90:(.text+0x2cc4): undefined reference to `for_write_seq_lis'
.././build_lib/libflu.a(RFLU_OpenConverFile.o): In function `rflu_openconverfile_':
RFLU_OpenConverFile.f90:(.text+0x2d): undefined reference to `for_cpystr'
RFLU_OpenConverFile.f90:(.text+0x1ca): undefined reference to `for_trim'
RFLU_OpenConverFile.f90:(.text+0x20a): undefined reference to `for_concat'
.././build_lib/libflu.a(RFLU_OpenPMFile.o): In function `rflu_openpmfile_':
RFLU_OpenPMFile.f90:(.text+0x2d): undefined reference to `for_cpystr'
RFLU_OpenPMFile.f90:(.text+0x1ca): undefined reference to `for_trim'
RFLU_OpenPMFile.f90:(.text+0x20a): undefined reference to `for_concat'
.././build_lib/libflu.a(RFLU_OpenStatsFileOLES.o): In function `rflu_openstatsfileoles_':
RFLU_OpenStatsFileOLES.f90:(.text+0x2d): undefined reference to `for_cpystr'
RFLU_OpenStatsFileOLES.f90:(.text+0x1c0): undefined reference to `for_trim'
RFLU_OpenStatsFileOLES.f90:(.text+0x200): undefined reference to `for_concat'
.././build_lib/libflu.a(RFLU_OpenTotalMassFile.o): In function `rflu_opentotalmassfile_':
RFLU_OpenTotalMassFile.f90:(.text+0x2d): undefined reference to `for_cpystr'
RFLU_OpenTotalMassFile.f90:(.text+0x1ca): undefined reference to `for_trim'
RFLU_OpenTotalMassFile.f90:(.text+0x20a): undefined reference to `for_concat'
.././build_lib/libflu.a(RFLU_PrintHeader.o): In function `rflu_printheader_':
RFLU_PrintHeader.f90:(.text+0x26): undefined reference to `for_cpystr'
RFLU_PrintHeader.f90:(.text+0x6e): undefined reference to `for_cpystr'
RFLU_PrintHeader.f90:(.text+0x7d): undefined reference to `for_len_trim'
RFLU_PrintHeader.f90:(.text+0xc2): undefined reference to `for_cpystr'
RFLU_PrintHeader.f90:(.text+0x324): undefined reference to `for_trim'
RFLU_PrintHeader.f90:(.text+0x622): undefined reference to `for_trim'
RFLU_PrintHeader.f90:(.text+0x77a): undefined reference to `for_trim'

我知道 OpenMPI 使用的是正确的编译器:

$ mpifort -V
Intel(R) Fortran Intel(R) 64 Compiler XE for applications running on Intel(R) 64, Version 15.0.2.164 Build 20150121
Copyright (C) 1985-2015 Intel Corporation.  All rights reserved.

$ mpic++ -V
Intel(R) C++ Intel(R) 64 Compiler XE for applications running on Intel(R) 64, Version 15.0.2.164 Build 20150121
Copyright (C) 1985-2015 Intel Corporation.  All rights reserved.

此外，根据 OpenMPI 文档链接到 Fortran，我需要使用:

$ mpifort --showme:link
-I/cm/shared/apps/openmpi/intel/1.8.4/lib -Wl,-rpath -Wl,/cm/shared/apps/openmpi/intel/1.8.4/lib -Wl,--enable-new-dtags -L/cm/shared/apps/openmpi/intel/1.8.4/lib -lmpi_usempif08 -lmpi_usempi_ignore_tkr -lmpi_mpifh -lmpi

我复制了整行并将其粘贴到 Makefile 中:

CXXLINKFLAGS += -I/cm/shared/apps/openmpi/intel/1.8.4/lib -Wl,-rpath -Wl,/cm/shared/apps/openmpi/intel/1.8.4/lib -Wl,--enable-new-dtags -L/cm/shared/apps/openmpi/intel/1.8.4/lib -lmpi_usempif08 -lmpi_usempi_ignore_tkr -lmpi_mpifh -lmpi

结果与之前的输出相同。看起来 C++ 编译器正在尝试使用 Fortran 但未找到它。

我在这里错过了什么？

Answer 1

正如 Hristo 所建议的，我将 -lifcore(这是我在 Intel 编译器中找到的库)添加到 CXXLINKFLAGS 并且我没有看到 undefined 引用 错误。我没有意识到您可以通过这种方式向 mpic++ 和 mpifort 添加 icpc 和 ifort 选项。