Python:均匀分布具有不同字符串长度的输出数据

Question

我试图让我的输出数据看起来像这样:

-------------------------------------------------------
            Grade Report for Programs 
-------------------------------------------------------
Jacobson, Mark      19.0 <--- 20,17,20
Snurd, Mortimur     16.5 <--- 20,19,18,17,16,15,14,13
Luxemburg, Rosa     15.0 <--- 18,15,20,10,12
Atanasoff, John     20.0 <--- 20,20,20,20,20,20,20
Hopper, Grace       20.0 <--- 20,20,20,20,20,20
-------------------------------------------------------

但我不知道如何处理不同的名称长度。我的输出目前看起来像这样。

---

            Grade Report for Programs 
-------------------------------------------------------
Jacobson, Mark   19.0 <--- 20,17,20
Snurd, Mortimur   16.5 <--- 20,19,18,17,16,15,14,13
Luxemburg, Rosa   15.0 <--- 18,15,20,10,12
Atanasoff, John   20.0 <--- 20,20,20,20,20,20,20
Hopper, Grace   20.0 <--- 20,20,20,20,20,20
-------------------------------------------------------

我编写的程序是获取成绩分数的输入文件并收集数据并整齐地打印出平均值。

输入文件看起来像这样:

Mark Jacobson,20,17,20
Mortimur Snurd,20,19,18,17,16,15,14,13
Rosa Luxemburg,18,15,20,10,12
John Atanasoff,20,20,20,20,20,20,20
Grace Hopper,20,20,20,20,20,20

这里是我的代码，它收集姓名和分数，并打印出姓氏、名字、平均分数的数据，然后是得出平均分的实际分数。

file = input("Enter filename: ")

grade_file = open(file, 'r')

print()

print('---------------------------------------------------------')
print('\t\tGrade Report for Programs')
print('---------------------------------------------------------')

for text in grade_file:
    end_of_name = text.find(',')
    name_seperated = text.find(' ')

    first_name = text[0:name_seperated]
    last_name = text[name_seperated+1:end_of_name]

    name_last_first = last_name + "," + " " + first_name

    grades = text[end_of_name+1:]

    start = 0
    index = 0
    sum_n = 0
    average= 0
    score = 0
    count = 0

    while index < len(grades):
        if grades[index] == ',':
            score = int(grades[start:index])
            count += 1
            sum_n = score + sum_n
            start = index + 1
        index += 1

    count += 1       

    score = int(grades[start:index])
    sum_n = score + sum_n
    average = sum_n / count



    print(name_last_first, " ", average, "<---", grades)


print('---------------------------------------------------------')


grade_file.close()

我只需要弄清楚如何使用偶数空格，这样它就可以像第一个输出那样生成偶数行和偶数列。非常感谢您的帮助!谢谢!

Answer 1

一种方法是使用 Python 的内置 C 样式格式。请注意，负的字段宽度表示该字段是左对齐的:

>>> print("%-30s %4.1f" % ("Jacobson, Mark", 19.0))
Jacobson, Mark                 19.0
>>> 

或者，您可以使用字符串 format 方法:

>>> print("{:30s} {:4.1f}".format("Jacobson, Mark", 19.0))
Jacobson, Mark                 19.0
>>> 

您还可以使用格式化字符串文字(f-strings):

>>> name = "Jacobson, Mark"
>>> average = 19.0
>>> print(f"{name:30s} {average:4.1f}")
Jacobson, Mark                 19.0
>>>