初始化派生类和抽象类时出现python错误

Question

我有这个简单的代码，但出现了一个奇怪的错误:

from abc import ABCMeta, abstractmethod

class CVIterator(ABCMeta):

    def __init__(self):

        self.n = None # the value of n is obtained in the fit method
        return


class KFold_new_version(CVIterator): # new version of KFold

    def __init__(self, k):
        assert k > 0, ValueError('cannot have k below 1')
        self.k = k
        return 


cv = KFold_new_version(10)

In [4]: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TypeError                                 Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-4-ec56652b1fdc> in <module>()
----> 1 __pyfile = open('''/tmp/py13196IBS''');exec(compile(__pyfile.read(), '''/home/donbeo/Desktop/prova.py''', 'exec'));__pyfile.close()

/home/donbeo/Desktop/prova.py in <module>()
     19 
     20 
---> 21 cv = KFold_new_version(10)

TypeError: __new__() missing 2 required positional arguments: 'bases' and 'namespace'

我做错了什么？理论上的解释将不胜感激。

Answer 1

您错误地使用了 ABCMeta 元类。它是一个元 类，而不是基类。照原样使用它。

对于 Python 2，这意味着将它分配给类的 __metaclass__ 属性:

class CVIterator(object):
    __metaclass__ = ABCMeta

    def __init__(self):
        self.n = None # the value of n is obtained in the fit method

在 Python 3 中，您将在定义类时使用 metaclass=... 语法:

class CVIterator(metaclass=ABCMeta):
    def __init__(self):
        self.n = None # the value of n is obtained in the fit method

从 Python 3.4 开始，您可以使用 abc.ABC helper class作为基类:

from abc import ABC

class CVIterator(ABC):
    def __init__(self):
        self.n = None # the value of n is obtained in the fit method