python - virtualenv 不创建 PYTHONPATH/pip 安装包不起作用

Question

我在 win 7 下的 cygwin 上使用 virtualenv 1.9.1。每个 virtualenv 都是在没有任何选项的情况下创建的(显然除了目录名)。没有花哨的定制。

所有 virtualenv 都是新鲜的，因为我没有创建任何包装脚本，也没有编辑任何 virtualenv 脚本。我完全确定我没有做任何特别的事情(即除了滥用 virtualenv，而不是采取阻碍其操作的行动)导致多个 virtualenvs 中缺少 PYTHONPATH。

每个新 virtualenv 的 virtualenv 激活脚本不会创建 PYTHONPATH。 pip 在 $VIRTUAL_ENV/lib/python2.7/site-packages/<packagedir> 下安装包(例如 lib/python2.7/site-packages/html5lib )。

pip 的行为似乎令人满意。 但是，运行 python(在激活 virtualenv 之后)导致没有 pip 安装的包可加载(即“没有名为...的模块”)。

更新:将 PYTHONPATH 添加到 activate确实“解决”了问题。显然，我不想手动维护它，也不必更新 activate_this.py .我仍然想知道为什么 virtualenvs 现在不能直接开箱即用。

解决方案是什么？ virtualenv 从来没有这样做过。现在有什么问题吗？

更新 2:这是使用 -vv 运行 virtualenv 的输出:

$ virtualenv -vv newvirtualenv
Creating newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7
Symlinking Python bootstrap modules
  Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/config
  Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
  Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/os.py
  Ignoring built-in bootstrap module: posix
  Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/posixpath.py
  Cannot import bootstrap module: nt
  Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/ntpath.py
  Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/genericpath.py
  Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/fnmatch.py
  Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/locale.py
  Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/encodings
  Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/codecs.py
  Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/stat.py
  Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/UserDict.py
  File newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload/readline.dll already exists
  Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/copy_reg.py
  Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/types.py
  Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/re.py
  Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/sre.py
  Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/sre_parse.py
  Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/sre_constants.py
  Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/sre_compile.py
  File newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload/zlib.dll already exists
  Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/warnings.py
  Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/linecache.py
  Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/_abcoll.py
  Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/abc.py
  Symlinking newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/_weakrefset.py
Creating newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/site-packages
Writing newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/site.py
Writing newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/orig-prefix.txt
Writing newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/no-global-site-packages.txt
Creating parent directories for newvirtualenv/include
Symlinking newvirtualenv/include/python2.7
Creating newvirtualenv/bin
New python executable in newvirtualenv/bin/python2.7
Changed mode of newvirtualenv/bin/python2.7 to 0755
Also creating executable in newvirtualenv/bin/python
Changed mode of newvirtualenv/bin/python to 0755
Testing executable with newvirtualenv/bin/python2.7 -c "import sys;out=sys.stdout;getattr(out, "buffer", out).write(sys.prefix.encode("utf-8"))"
Got sys.prefix result: u'/cygdrive/c/Users/marcin/Documents/codeprojects/newvirtualenv'
Creating newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/distutils
Writing newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/distutils/__init__.py
Writing newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/distutils/distutils.cfg
Using existing setuptools egg: /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/virtualenv_support/setuptools-0.6c11-py2.7.egg
Installing setuptools...
  Running command /cygdrive/c/Users/ma...ualenv/bin/python2.7 -c "#!python
\"\"\"Bootstra...sys.argv[1:])






" -v /usr/lib/python2.7/s...ols-0.6c11-py2.7.egg
  Processing setuptools-0.6c11-py2.7.egg
  Copying setuptools-0.6c11-py2.7.egg to /cygdrive/c/Users/marcin/Documents/codeprojects/newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/site-packages
  Adding setuptools 0.6c11 to easy-install.pth file
  Saving /cygdrive/c/Users/marcin/Documents/codeprojects/newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/easy-install.pth
  Installing easy_install script to /cygdrive/c/Users/marcin/Documents/codeprojects/newvirtualenv/bin
  changing mode of /cygdrive/c/Users/marcin/Documents/codeprojects/newvirtualenv/bin/easy_install to 755
  Installing easy_install-2.7 script to /cygdrive/c/Users/marcin/Documents/codeprojects/newvirtualenv/bin
  changing mode of /cygdrive/c/Users/marcin/Documents/codeprojects/newvirtualenv/bin/easy_install-2.7 to 755

  Installed /cygdrive/c/Users/marcin/Documents/codeprojects/newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/setuptools-0.6c11-py2.7.egg
  Processing dependencies for setuptools==0.6c11
  Finished processing dependencies for setuptools==0.6c11
...Installing setuptools...done.
Installing existing pip-1.3.1.tar.gz distribution: /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/virtualenv_support/pip-1.3.1.tar.gz
Installing pip...
  Running command /cygdrive/c/Users/ma...ualenv/bin/python2.7 -x /cygdrive/c/Users/ma...env/bin/easy_install /usr/lib/python2.7/s...ort/pip-1.3.1.tar.gz
  Processing pip-1.3.1.tar.gz
  Running pip-1.3.1/setup.py -q bdist_egg --dist-dir /tmp/easy_install-ZP_VIv/pip-1.3.1/egg-dist-tmp-H3XBh_
  warning: no files found matching '*.html' under directory 'docs'
  warning: no previously-included files matching '*.txt' found under directory 'docs/_build'
  no previously-included directories found matching 'docs/_build/_sources'
  Adding pip 1.3.1 to easy-install.pth file
  Installing pip script to /cygdrive/c/Users/marcin/Documents/codeprojects/newvirtualenv/bin
  Installing pip-2.7 script to /cygdrive/c/Users/marcin/Documents/codeprojects/newvirtualenv/bin

  Installed /cygdrive/c/Users/marcin/Documents/codeprojects/newvirtualenv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip-1.3.1-py2.7.egg
  Processing dependencies for pip==1.3.1
  Finished processing dependencies for pip==1.3.1
...Installing pip...done.
Writing newvirtualenv/bin/activate
Writing newvirtualenv/bin/activate.fish
Writing newvirtualenv/bin/activate_this.py
Writing newvirtualenv/bin/activate.csh

Answer 1

我在 Win7 上运行 cygwin 的 Python。我用 this 安装了 easy_install| .然后是 pip，然后是 virtualenv。然后运行 ​​virtualenv newve，然后运行 ​​source newve/bin/activate，然后 pip 安装一个包(IPython)。一切正常。我可以从 python REPL 导入，程序运行，路径设置正确。而且 PYTHONPATH 永远不会在任何地方设置。我很茫然。

尝试重新安装所有内容？

编辑:

发现 easy_install 在 cygwin 包 python-setuptools 中可用。