python - 使用正则表达式从字符串中提取信息

Question

这是这个问题的后续和复杂化:Extracting contents of a string within parentheses .

在那个问题中我有以下字符串 --

"Will Farrell (Nick Hasley), Rebecca Hall (Samantha)"

我想得到 (actor, character) 形式的元组列表 --

[('Will Farrell', 'Nick Hasley'), ('Rebecca Hall', 'Samantha')]

总的来说，我有一个稍微复杂的字符串，我需要提取相同的信息。我的字符串是 --

"Will Ferrell (Nick Halsey), Rebecca Hall (Samantha), Glenn Howerton (Gary), 
with Stephen Root and Laura Dern (Delilah)"

我需要将其格式化如下:

[('Will Farrell', 'Nick Hasley'), ('Rebecca Hall', 'Samantha'), ('Glenn Howerton', 'Gary'),
('Stephen Root',''), ('Lauren Dern', 'Delilah')]

我知道我可以替换填充词(用、and、& 等)，但不太清楚如何添加空白条目 -- '' -- 如果有不是 Actor 的角色名称(在本例中为 Stephen Root)。执行此操作的最佳方法是什么？

最后，我需要考虑一个 Actor 是否有多个角色，并为 Actor 的每个角色构建一个元组。我得到的最后一个字符串是:

"Will Ferrell (Nick Halsey), Rebecca Hall (Samantha), Glenn Howerton (Gary, Brad), with
 Stephen Root and Laura Dern (Delilah, Stacy)"

我需要构建一个元组列表，如下所示:

[('Will Farrell', 'Nick Hasley'), ('Rebecca Hall', 'Samantha'), ('Glenn Howerton', 'Gary'),    
 ('Glenn Howerton', 'Brad'), ('Stephen Root',''), ('Lauren Dern', 'Delilah'), ('Lauren Dern', 'Stacy')]

谢谢。

Answer 1

import re
credits = """Will Ferrell (Nick Halsey), Rebecca Hall (Samantha), Glenn Howerton (Gary, Brad), with
 Stephen Root and Laura Dern (Delilah, Stacy)"""

# split on commas (only if outside of parentheses), "with" or "and"
splitre = re.compile(r"\s*(?:,(?![^()]*\))|\bwith\b|\band\b)\s*")

# match the part before the parentheses (1) and what's inside the parens (2)
# (only if parentheses are present)
matchre = re.compile(r"([^(]*)(?:\(([^)]*)\))?")

# split the parts inside the parentheses on commas
splitparts = re.compile(r"\s*,\s*")

characters = splitre.split(credits)
pairs = []
for character in characters:
    if character:
        match = matchre.match(character)
        if match:
            actor = match.group(1).strip()
            if match.group(2):
                parts = splitparts.split(match.group(2))
                for part in parts:
                    pairs.append((actor, part))
            else:
                pairs.append((actor, ""))

print(pairs)

输出:

[('Will Ferrell', 'Nick Halsey'), ('Rebecca Hall', 'Samantha'), 
 ('Glenn Howerton', 'Gary'), ('Glenn Howerton', 'Brad'), ('Stephen Root', ''), 
 ('Laura Dern', 'Delilah'), ('Laura Dern', 'Stacy')]