c++ - 在 C++ 中有一个 HashMap 的复合键

Question

我有一个数据结构，它有，

<Book title>, <Author>, and <rate>

由于 Book title 或 Author 可以重复，我想构建一个复合键。(假设我无法制作额外的唯一 key ，例如 ID)

由于数据非常庞大，为了速度，我使用 GCC unordered_map，我这样构建我的结构:

typedef pair<string, string> keys_t
typedef unordered_map<keys_t, double> map_t;

一般情况下一切正常，但是当我想引用一个特定的键时就会出现问题。

例如，假设我想在标题为“数学”的书籍中找到评价最高的一本书，或者我想找到“托尔斯泰”书籍的平均评分。
在这种情况下，这变得非常麻烦，因为我不能只引用 key 对中的一个。

我碰巧找到了 boost::multi_index 但我在理解文档时遇到了一些问题。有没有人对此有一些想法或指南？

创建多个索引的解决方案、multi_index 的简洁示例、任何其他方法等。我们将不胜感激。

谢谢。

Answer 1

我想出了如何使用 boost::multi_index我提到了这段代码:Boost multi_index composite keys using MEM_FUN

这是我的代码供您引用。

#include <boost/multi_index_container.hpp>
#include <boost/multi_index/mem_fun.hpp>
#include <boost/multi_index/ordered_index.hpp>
#include <boost/multi_index/composite_key.hpp>
#include <boost/multi_index/member.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using namespace boost::multi_index;
using namespace std;

class Book {
public:
    Book(const string &lang1, const string &lang2, const double &value) : m_lang1(lang1) , m_lang2(lang2) , m_value(value) {}

    friend std::ostream& operator << (ostream& os,const Book& n)    {
        os << n.m_lang1 << " " << n.m_lang2 << " " << n.m_value << endl;
        return os;
    }

    const string &lang1() const { return m_lang1; }
    const string &lang2() const { return m_lang2; }
    const double &value() const { return m_value; }
private:
    string m_lang1, m_lang2;
    double m_value;
};

// These will be Tag names
struct lang1 {};
struct lang2 {};
struct value {};

typedef multi_index_container <
    Book, 
    indexed_by<
        ordered_non_unique<tag<lang1>, BOOST_MULTI_INDEX_CONST_MEM_FUN( Book, const string &, lang1)
        >,
        ordered_non_unique<tag<lang2>, BOOST_MULTI_INDEX_CONST_MEM_FUN(Book, const string &, lang2)
        >,
        ordered_non_unique<tag<value>, BOOST_MULTI_INDEX_CONST_MEM_FUN(Book, const double &, value), greater<double>
        >,
        ordered_unique<
            // make as a composite key with Title and Author
            composite_key<
                Book,
                BOOST_MULTI_INDEX_CONST_MEM_FUN(Book, const string &, lang1),
                BOOST_MULTI_INDEX_CONST_MEM_FUN(Book, const string &, lang2)
            >
        >
    >
> Book_set;

// Indices for iterators
typedef Book_set::index<lang1>::type Book_set_by_lang1;
typedef Book_set::index<lang2>::type Book_set_by_lang2;
typedef Book_set::index<value>::type Book_set_by_value;

int main() {

    Book_set books;
    books.insert(Book("Math", "shawn", 4.3));
    books.insert(Book("Math", "john", 4.2));
    books.insert(Book("Math2", "abel", 3.8));
    books.insert(Book("Novel1", "Tolstoy", 5.0));
    books.insert(Book("Novel1", "Tolstoy", 4.8)); // This will not be inserted(duplicated)
    books.insert(Book("Novel2", "Tolstoy", 4.2));
    books.insert(Book("Novel3", "Tolstoy", 4.4));
    books.insert(Book("Math", "abel", 2.5));
    books.insert(Book("Math2", "Tolstoy", 3.0));

    cout << "SORTED BY TITLE" << endl;
    for (Book_set_by_lang1::iterator itf = books.get<lang1>().begin(); itf != books.get<lang1>().end(); ++itf)
        cout << *itf;

    cout << endl<<"SORTED BY AUTHOR" << endl;
    for (Book_set_by_lang2::iterator itm = books.get<lang2>().begin(); itm != books.get<lang2>().end(); ++itm)
        cout << *itm;

    cout << endl<<"SORTED BY RATING" << endl;
    for (Book_set_by_value::iterator itl = books.get<value>().begin(); itl != books.get<value>().end(); ++itl)
        cout << *itl;

    // Want to see Tolstoy's books? (in descending order of rating)
    cout << endl;
    Book_set_by_lang2::iterator mitchells = books.get<lang2>().find("Tolstoy");
    while (mitchells->lang2() == "Tolstoy")
        cout << *mitchells++;

    return 0;
}

谢谢大家的评论!