python - 使用 python 打印彩色字符串到控制台

Question

有没有办法用 python 以彩色方式打印字符串？

例如，我可以将字符串 red 的某些部分或其他内容打印到控制台吗？我使用 Mac OS X。

Answer 1

这适用于支持颜色的 linux 控制台:

CODE={
    'ENDC':0,  # RESET COLOR
    'BOLD':1,
    'UNDERLINE':4,
    'BLINK':5,
    'INVERT':7,
    'CONCEALD':8,
    'STRIKE':9,
    'GREY30':90,
    'GREY40':2,
    'GREY65':37,
    'GREY70':97,
    'GREY20_BG':40,
    'GREY33_BG':100,
    'GREY80_BG':47,
    'GREY93_BG':107,
    'DARK_RED':31,
    'RED':91,
    'RED_BG':41,
    'LIGHT_RED_BG':101,
    'DARK_YELLOW':33,
    'YELLOW':93,
    'YELLOW_BG':43,
    'LIGHT_YELLOW_BG':103,
    'DARK_BLUE':34,
    'BLUE':94,
    'BLUE_BG':44,
    'LIGHT_BLUE_BG':104,
    'DARK_MAGENTA':35,
    'PURPLE':95,
    'MAGENTA_BG':45,
    'LIGHT_PURPLE_BG':105,
    'DARK_CYAN':36,
    'AUQA':96,
    'CYAN_BG':46,
    'LIGHT_AUQA_BG':106,
    'DARK_GREEN':32,
    'GREEN':92,
    'GREEN_BG':42,
    'LIGHT_GREEN_BG':102,
    'BLACK':30,
}

def termcode(num):
    return '\033[%sm'%num

def colorstr(astr,color):
    return termcode(CODE[color])+astr+termcode(CODE['ENDC'])

if __name__=='__main__':
    astr='yippy skippy'
    # for num in range(300):
    #     color=termcode(num)
    #     print('%s: %s'%(num,color+astr+termcode(CODE['ENDC'])))
    for key in sorted(CODE.keys()):
        print('%s: %s'%(key,colorstr(astr,key)))

    print(colorstr('Red','RED'))

---

下面是一个使用 colorstr 制作彩色记录器的例子:

import logging
import copy

logger=logging.getLogger(__name__)

class ColoredFormatter(logging.Formatter):
    # A variant of code found at http://stackoverflow.com/questions/384076/how-can-i-make-the-python-logging-output-to-be-colored
    LEVELCOLOR = {
        'DEBUG': 'BLUE',
        'INFO': 'BLACK',
        'WARNING': 'PURPLE',
        'ERROR': 'RED',
        'CRITICAL': 'RED_BG',
        }

    def __init__(self, msg):
        logging.Formatter.__init__(self, msg)

    def format(self, record):
        record = copy.copy(record)
        levelname = record.levelname
        if levelname in self.LEVELCOLOR:
            record.levelname = colorstr(levelname,self.LEVELCOLOR[levelname])
            record.name = colorstr(record.name,'BOLD')
            record.msg = colorstr(record.msg,self.LEVELCOLOR[levelname])
        return logging.Formatter.format(self, record)

if __name__=='__main__':
    logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
    console = logging.StreamHandler()
    console.setFormatter(
        ColoredFormatter('%(name)s: %(message)s (%(filename)s:%(lineno)d)'))
    logger.addHandler(console)
    fh = logging.FileHandler('/tmp/test.log','w')
    fh.setFormatter(logging.Formatter('%(name)s: %(message)s'))
    logger.addHandler(fh)

    logger.debug('debug')
    logger.info('info')
    logger.warning('Warning')
    logger.error('ERROR')
    logger.critical('CRITICAL!!!')

此示例记录到控制台 (stderr) 和文件 (/tmp/test.log)。发送到控制台的消息是彩色的，但输出到文件的是纯文本。