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c# - 如何对 LINQ to Objects 查询进行分区?

转载 作者:太空狗 更新时间:2023-10-29 20:28:57 25 4
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这是一个资源分配问题。我的目标是运行查询以获取任何时隙的最高优先级类次。

数据集非常大。对于此示例,假设 1000 家公司各有 100 个类次(尽管实际数据集更大)。它们都已加载到内存中,我需要对它们运行一个 LINQ to Objects 查询:

    var topShifts =
(from s in shifts
where (from s2 in shifts
where s2.CompanyId == s.CompanyId && s.TimeSlot == s2.TimeSlot
orderby s2.Priority
select s2).First().Equals(s)
select s).ToList();

问题是,如果不进行优化,LINQ to Objects 将比较两个集合中的每个对象,对所有 1,000 x 100 和 1,000 x 100 进行交叉连接,这相当于 100 亿 (10,000,000,000) 次比较。我想要的是只比较每个公司内的对象(就好像公司在 SQL 表中被索引一样)。这应该会产生 1000 组 100 x 100 对象,总共进行 1000 万 (10,000,000) 次比较。随着公司数量的增长,后者将呈线性增长,而不是呈指数增长。

类似 I4o 的技术将允许我做这样的事情,但不幸的是,我没有在执行此查询的环境中使用自定义集合的奢侈。此外,我只希望在任何给定数据集上运行一次此查询,因此持久索引的值是有限的。我希望使用一种扩展方法,按公司对数据进行分组,然后在每个组上运行表达式。

完整示例代码:

public struct Shift
{
public static long Iterations;

private int companyId;
public int CompanyId
{
get { Iterations++; return companyId; }
set { companyId = value; }
}

public int Id;
public int TimeSlot;
public int Priority;
}

class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
const int Companies = 1000;
const int Shifts = 100;
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("{0} Companies x {1} Shifts", Companies, Shifts));
var timer = Stopwatch.StartNew();

Console.WriteLine("Populating data");
var shifts = new List<Shift>();
for (int companyId = 0; companyId < Companies; companyId++)
{
for (int shiftId = 0; shiftId < Shifts; shiftId++)
{
shifts.Add(new Shift() { CompanyId = companyId, Id = shiftId, TimeSlot = shiftId / 3, Priority = shiftId % 5 });
}
}
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("Completed in {0:n}ms", timer.ElapsedMilliseconds));
timer.Restart();

Console.WriteLine("Computing Top Shifts");
var topShifts =
(from s in shifts
where (from s2 in shifts
where s2.CompanyId == s.CompanyId && s.TimeSlot == s2.TimeSlot
orderby s2.Priority
select s2).First().Equals(s)
select s).ToList();
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("Completed in {0:n}ms", timer.ElapsedMilliseconds));
timer.Restart();

Console.WriteLine("\nShifts:");
foreach (var shift in shifts.Take(20))
{
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("C {0} Id {1} T {2} P{3}", shift.CompanyId, shift.Id, shift.TimeSlot, shift.Priority));
}

Console.WriteLine("\nTop Shifts:");
foreach (var shift in topShifts.Take(10))
{
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("C {0} Id {1} T {2} P{3}", shift.CompanyId, shift.Id, shift.TimeSlot, shift.Priority));
}

Console.WriteLine(string.Format("\nTotal Comparisons: {0:n}", Shift.Iterations/2));

Console.WriteLine("Any key to continue");
Console.ReadKey();
}
}

示例输出:

1000 Companies x 100 Shifts
Populating data
Completed in 10.00ms
Computing Top Shifts
Completed in 520,721.00ms

Shifts:
C 0 Id 0 T 0 P0
C 0 Id 1 T 0 P1
C 0 Id 2 T 0 P2
C 0 Id 3 T 1 P3
C 0 Id 4 T 1 P4
C 0 Id 5 T 1 P0
C 0 Id 6 T 2 P1
C 0 Id 7 T 2 P2
C 0 Id 8 T 2 P3
C 0 Id 9 T 3 P4
C 0 Id 10 T 3 P0
C 0 Id 11 T 3 P1
C 0 Id 12 T 4 P2
C 0 Id 13 T 4 P3
C 0 Id 14 T 4 P4
C 0 Id 15 T 5 P0
C 0 Id 16 T 5 P1
C 0 Id 17 T 5 P2
C 0 Id 18 T 6 P3
C 0 Id 19 T 6 P4

Top Shifts:
C 0 Id 0 T 0 P0
C 0 Id 5 T 1 P0
C 0 Id 6 T 2 P1
C 0 Id 10 T 3 P0
C 0 Id 12 T 4 P2
C 0 Id 15 T 5 P0
C 0 Id 20 T 6 P0
C 0 Id 21 T 7 P1
C 0 Id 25 T 8 P0
C 0 Id 27 T 9 P2

Total Comparisons: 10,000,000,015.00
Any key to continue

问题:

  1. 如何对查询进行分区(同时仍作为单个 LinQ 查询执行)以便将比较次数从 100 亿减少到 1000 万?
  2. 有没有比子查询更高效的解决问题的方法?

最佳答案

怎么样

            var topShifts = from s in shifts.GroupBy(s => s.CompanyId)
from a in s.GroupBy(b => b.TimeSlot)
select a.OrderBy(p => p.Priority).First();

似乎得到了相同的输出但是进行了 100015 次比较

通过@Geoff 的编辑,他将我的比较减半:-)

关于c# - 如何对 LINQ to Objects 查询进行分区?,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5330580/

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