c# - 远程服务器返回错误 : (405) Method Not Allowed. WCF REST 服务

Question

这个问题已经在其他地方提出过，但那些不是我的问题的解决方案。

这是我的服务

[WebInvoke(UriTemplate = "", Method = "POST")]
public SampleItem Create(SampleItem instance)
{
    // TODO: Add the new instance of SampleItem to the collection
    // throw new NotImplementedException();
    return new SampleItem();
}

我有调用上述服务的代码

XElement data = new XElement("SampleItem",
                             new XElement("Id", "2"),
                             new XElement("StringValue", "sdddsdssd")
                           ); 

System.IO.MemoryStream dataSream1 = new MemoryStream();
data.Save(dataSream1);

HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create("http://localhost:2517/Service1/Create");
request.Method = "POST";
request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
// You need to know length and it has to be set before you access request stream
request.ContentLength = dataSream1.Length;

using (Stream requestStream = request.GetRequestStream())
{
    dataSream1.CopyTo(requestStream);
    byte[] bytes = dataSream1.ToArray();
    requestStream.Write(bytes, 0, Convert.ToInt16(dataSream1.Length));
    requestStream.Close();
}

WebResponse response = request.GetResponse();

最后一行出现异常:

远程服务器返回错误:(405) 方法不允许。不确定为什么会发生这种情况，我也尝试将主机从 VS Server 更改为 IIS，但结果没有任何变化。如果您需要更多信息，请告诉我

Answer 1

首先要知道您的 REST 服务的确切 URL。由于您已经指定了 http://localhost:2517/Service1/Create 现在只需尝试从 IE 打开相同的 URL，您应该得到 method not allowed as your Create Method为 WebInvoke 定义，IE 执行 WebGet。

现在请确保您的客户端应用程序中的 SampleItem 在服务器上的相同命名空间中定义，或者确保您正在构建的 xml 字符串具有适合服务的命名空间，以识别示例对象的 xml 字符串可以被反序列化回服务器上的对象。

我在我的服务器上定义了 SampleItem，如下所示:

namespace SampleApp
{
    public class SampleItem
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }
        public string StringValue { get; set; }            
    }    
}

我的SampleItem对应的xml字符串如下:

<SampleItem xmlns="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/SampleApp" xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><Id>6</Id><StringValue>from client testing</StringValue></SampleItem>

现在我使用以下方法对 REST 服务执行 POST:

private string UseHttpWebApproach<T>(string serviceUrl, string resourceUrl, string method, T requestBody)
        {
            string responseMessage = null;
            var request = WebRequest.Create(string.Concat(serviceUrl, resourceUrl)) as HttpWebRequest;
            if (request != null)
            {
                request.ContentType = "application/xml";
                request.Method = method;
            }

            //var objContent = HttpContentExtensions.CreateDataContract(requestBody);
            if(method == "POST" && requestBody != null)
            {
                byte[] requestBodyBytes = ToByteArrayUsingDataContractSer(requestBody);
                request.ContentLength = requestBodyBytes.Length;
                using (Stream postStream = request.GetRequestStream())
                    postStream.Write(requestBodyBytes, 0, requestBodyBytes.Length);                    
            }

            if (request != null)
            {
                var response = request.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse;
                if(response.StatusCode == HttpStatusCode.OK)
                {
                    Stream responseStream = response.GetResponseStream();
                    if (responseStream != null)
                    {
                        var reader = new StreamReader(responseStream);

                        responseMessage = reader.ReadToEnd();                        
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    responseMessage = response.StatusDescription;
                }
            }
            return responseMessage;
        }

private static byte[] ToByteArrayUsingDataContractSer<T>(T requestBody)
        {
            byte[] bytes = null;
            var serializer1 = new DataContractSerializer(typeof(T));            
            var ms1 = new MemoryStream();            
            serializer1.WriteObject(ms1, requestBody);
            ms1.Position = 0;
            var reader = new StreamReader(ms1);
            bytes = ms1.ToArray();
            return bytes;
        }

现在我调用上面的方法，如下所示:

SampleItem objSample = new SampleItem();
objSample.Id = 7;
objSample.StringValue = "from client testing";
string serviceBaseUrl = "http://localhost:2517/Service1";
string resourceUrl = "/Create";
string method="POST";

UseHttpWebApproach<SampleItem>(serviceBaseUrl, resourceUrl, method, objSample);

我也在客户端定义了 SampleItem 对象。如果你想在客户端构建xml字符串并通过那么你可以使用下面的方法:

private string UseHttpWebApproach(string serviceUrl, string resourceUrl, string method, string xmlRequestBody)
            {
                string responseMessage = null;
                var request = WebRequest.Create(string.Concat(serviceUrl, resourceUrl)) as HttpWebRequest;
                if (request != null)
                {
                    request.ContentType = "application/xml";
                    request.Method = method;
                }

                //var objContent = HttpContentExtensions.CreateDataContract(requestBody);
                if(method == "POST" && requestBody != null)
                {
                    byte[] requestBodyBytes = ASCIIEncoding.UTF8.GetBytes(xmlRequestBody.ToString());
                    request.ContentLength = requestBodyBytes.Length;
                    using (Stream postStream = request.GetRequestStream())
                        postStream.Write(requestBodyBytes, 0, requestBodyBytes.Length);                    
                }

                if (request != null)
                {
                    var response = request.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse;
                    if(response.StatusCode == HttpStatusCode.OK)
                    {
                        Stream responseStream = response.GetResponseStream();
                        if (responseStream != null)
                        {
                            var reader = new StreamReader(responseStream);

                            responseMessage = reader.ReadToEnd();                        
                        }
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        responseMessage = response.StatusDescription;
                    }
                }
                return responseMessage;
            }

对上述方法的调用如下所示:

string sample = "<SampleItem xmlns=\"http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/XmlRestService\" xmlns:i=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\"><Id>6</Id><StringValue>from client testing</StringValue></SampleItem>";   
string serviceBaseUrl = "http://localhost:2517/Service1";
string resourceUrl = "/Create";
string method="POST";             
UseHttpWebApproach<string>(serviceBaseUrl, resourceUrl, method, sample);

注意:只需确保您的 URL 正确