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c# - 我的代码是否展示了良好的 WPF 实践?

转载 作者:太空狗 更新时间:2023-10-29 19:50:33 24 4
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我正在开始一个 WPF 项目,并且刚刚完成了 UI 的基础,尽管它看起来非常复杂,所以我不确定我是否以正确的方式进行了布局。我不想开始开发后端并意识到我在前端做错了,让自己的生活更加艰难。

和 CSS 的背景来看,这有很大的不同,我真的想从一开始就把它做好。

本质上它是一个一周日历(7 天,周一至周日,默认为当前周。)最终将链接到一个数据库,如果我在这一天有某事的约会,它将显示在相关的一天。

我选择了 Grid 而不是 ListView,因为它的工作方式我不会将结果绑定(bind)到集合或任何类似的东西。相反,我将在 Canvas 中为每个事件的每一天(尚未放置在代码中)填写一个组合框,并在选择时显示更多详细信息。

XAML:

<Window x:Class="WOW_Widget.Window1"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:s="clr-namespace:System;assembly=mscorlib"
xmlns:Extensions="clr-namespace:WOW_Widget"
DataContext="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Self}}"
Title="Window1" Height="239" Width="831">

<Window.Resources>
<LinearGradientBrush x:Key="NormalBrush" StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="0,1">
<GradientBrush.GradientStops>
<GradientStopCollection>
<GradientStop Offset="1.0" Color="White"/>
<GradientStop Offset="0.0" Color="LightSlateGray"/>
</GradientStopCollection>
</GradientBrush.GradientStops>
</LinearGradientBrush>
<LinearGradientBrush x:Key="grdDayHeader" StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="0,1">
<GradientBrush.GradientStops>
<GradientStopCollection>
<GradientStop Offset="0.0" Color="Peru" />
<GradientStop Offset="1.0" Color="White" />
</GradientStopCollection>
</GradientBrush.GradientStops>
</LinearGradientBrush>
<LinearGradientBrush x:Key="grdToday" StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="0,1">
<GradientBrush.GradientStops>
<GradientStopCollection>
<GradientStop Offset="0.0" Color="LimeGreen"/>
<GradientStop Offset="1.0" Color="DarkGreen" />
</GradientStopCollection>
</GradientBrush.GradientStops>
</LinearGradientBrush>
<Style TargetType="{x:Type GridViewColumnHeader}">
<Setter Property="Background" Value="Khaki" />
</Style>
<Style x:Key="DayHeader" TargetType="{x:Type Label}">
<Setter Property="Background" Value="{StaticResource grdDayHeader}" />
<Setter Property="Width" Value="111" />
<Setter Property="Height" Value="25" />
<Setter Property="HorizontalContentAlignment" Value="Center" />
</Style>
<Style x:Key="DayField">
<Setter Property="Canvas.Width" Value="111" />
<Setter Property="Canvas.Height" Value="60" />
<Setter Property="Canvas.Background" Value="White" />
</Style>
<Style x:Key="Today">
<Setter Property="Canvas.Background" Value="{StaticResource grdToday}" />
</Style>
<Style x:Key="CalendarColSpacer">
<Setter Property="Canvas.Width" Value="1" />
<Setter Property="Canvas.Background" Value="Black" />
</Style>
<Style x:Key="CalendarRowSpacer">
<Setter Property="Canvas.Height" Value="1" />
<Setter Property="Canvas.Background" Value="Black" />
</Style>
</Window.Resources>

<Grid Background="{StaticResource NormalBrush}">
<Border BorderBrush="Black" BorderThickness="1" Width="785" Height="86" Margin="12,12,12,104">
<Canvas Height="86" Width="785" VerticalAlignment="Top">
<Grid>
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition />
<ColumnDefinition />
<ColumnDefinition />
<ColumnDefinition />
<ColumnDefinition />
<ColumnDefinition />
<ColumnDefinition />
<ColumnDefinition />
<ColumnDefinition />
<ColumnDefinition />
<ColumnDefinition />
<ColumnDefinition />
<ColumnDefinition />
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition />
<RowDefinition />
<RowDefinition />
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<Label Grid.Column="0" Grid.Row="0" Content="Monday" Style="{StaticResource DayHeader}" />
<Canvas Grid.Column="1" Grid.RowSpan="3" Grid.Row="0" Style="{StaticResource CalendarColSpacer}" />
<Label Grid.Column="2" Grid.Row="0" Content="Tuesday" Style="{StaticResource DayHeader}" />
<Canvas Grid.Column="3" Grid.RowSpan="3" Grid.Row="0" Style="{StaticResource CalendarColSpacer}" />
<Label Grid.Column="4" Grid.Row="0" Content="Wednesday" Style="{StaticResource DayHeader}" />
<Canvas Grid.Column="5" Grid.RowSpan="3" Grid.Row="0" Style="{StaticResource CalendarColSpacer}" />
<Label Grid.Column="6" Grid.Row="0" Content="Thursday" Style="{StaticResource DayHeader}" />
<Canvas Grid.Column="7" Grid.RowSpan="3" Grid.Row="0" Style="{StaticResource CalendarColSpacer}" />
<Label Grid.Column="8" Grid.Row="0" Content="Friday" Style="{StaticResource DayHeader}" />
<Canvas Grid.Column="9" Grid.RowSpan="3" Grid.Row="0" Style="{StaticResource CalendarColSpacer}" />
<Label Grid.Column="10" Grid.Row="0" Content="Saturday" Style="{StaticResource DayHeader}" />
<Canvas Grid.Column="11" Grid.RowSpan="3" Grid.Row="0" Style="{StaticResource CalendarColSpacer}" />
<Label Grid.Column="12" Grid.Row="0" Content="Sunday" Style="{StaticResource DayHeader}" />

<Canvas Grid.Column="0" Grid.ColumnSpan="13" Grid.Row="1" Style="{StaticResource CalendarRowSpacer}" />

<Canvas Grid.Column="0" Grid.Row="2" Margin="0" Style="{StaticResource DayField}">
<Label Name="lblMondayDate" />
</Canvas>
<Canvas Grid.Column="2" Grid.Row="2" Margin="0" Style="{StaticResource DayField}">
<Label Name="lblTuesdayDate" />
</Canvas>
<Canvas Grid.Column="4" Grid.Row="2" Margin="0" Style="{StaticResource DayField}">
<Label Name="lblWednesdayDate" />
</Canvas>
<Canvas Grid.Column="6" Grid.Row="2" Margin="0" Style="{StaticResource DayField}">
<Label Name="lblThursdayDate" />
</Canvas>
<Canvas Grid.Column="8" Grid.Row="2" Margin="0" Style="{StaticResource DayField}">
<Label Name="lblFridayDate" />
</Canvas>
<Canvas Grid.Column="10" Grid.Row="2" Margin="0" Style="{StaticResource DayField}">
<Label Name="lblSaturdayDate" />
</Canvas>
<Canvas Grid.Column="12" Grid.Row="2" Margin="0" Style="{StaticResource DayField}">
<Label Name="lblSundayDate" />
</Canvas>
</Grid>
</Canvas>
</Border>
<Canvas Height="86" HorizontalAlignment="Right" Margin="0,0,12,12" Name="canvas1" VerticalAlignment="Bottom" Width="198"></Canvas>
</Grid>
</Window>

CS:

public partial class Window1 : Window {
private DateTime today = new DateTime();
private Label[] Dates = new Label[7];
public Window1() {
DateTime start = today = DateTime.Now;
int day = (int)today.DayOfWeek;
while (day != 1) {
start = start.Subtract(new TimeSpan(1, 0, 0, 0));
day--;
}
InitializeComponent();
Dates[0] = lblMondayDate;
Dates[1] = lblTuesdayDate;
Dates[2] = lblWednesdayDate;
Dates[3] = lblThursdayDate;
Dates[4] = lblFridayDate;
Dates[5] = lblSaturdayDate;
Dates[6] = lblSundayDate;
FillWeek(start);
}

private void FillWeek(DateTime start) {
for (int d = 0; d &lt; Dates.Length; d++) {
TimeSpan td = new TimeSpan(d, 0, 0, 0);
DateTime _day = start.Add(td);
if (_day.Date == today.Date) {
Canvas dayCanvas = (Canvas)Dates[d].Parent;
dayCanvas.Style = (Style)this.Resources["Today"];
}
Dates[d].Content = (int)start.Add(td).Day;
}
}
}

最佳答案

我会说,不,你的做法不对。您做的工作太多而让 WPF 做的太少。您应该使用数据绑定(bind)和 ItemsControl,并让 WPF 完成所有繁重的工作,以确定将东西放在哪里以及放什么东西。

  1. 我在此示例中使用了 XmlDataProvider,因为这是演示如何在不编写代码的情况下使用数据绑定(bind)的最简单方法。您可能会构建一个 View 模型类,该类公开具有 Name 和 Date 属性的对象集合并绑定(bind)到该对象的一个​​实例。

  2. 在 WPF 中使用 Canvas 和逐像素布局是一件坏事,这都是关于构建与分辨率无关的 UI。让布局引擎完成所有这些工作要好得多。

  3. 并非所有看起来像网格的东西都需要使用 Grid 进行布局。如果将此网格布置为水平 StackPanel,则 XAML 会少得多。这使您不必费心处理行号和列号。我的布局使用 Grid 的唯一原因是根据内容设置边框大小。

这是我对您提供的内容进行的修改。在我看来,结果看起来与您的几乎相同,但 XAML 的数量大约是您的一半(不包括画笔),而且更容易修改。

<Page
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
Background="{DynamicResource NormalBrush}">

<Page.Resources>
<XmlDataProvider x:Key="Days" XPath="Days">
<x:XData>
<Days xmlns="">
<Day Name="Sunday" Date="03/14/2010"/>
<Day Name="Monday" Date="03/15/2010"/>
<Day Name="Tuesday" Date="03/16/2010"/>
<Day Name="Wednesday" Date="03/17/2010"/>
<Day Name="Thursday" Date="03/18/2010"/>
<Day Name="Friday" Date="03/19/2010"/>
<Day Name="Saturday" Date="03/20/2010"/>
</Days>
</x:XData>
</XmlDataProvider>

<LinearGradientBrush x:Key="NormalBrush" StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="0,1">
<GradientBrush.GradientStops>
<GradientStopCollection>
<GradientStop Offset="1.0" Color="White"/>
<GradientStop Offset="0.0" Color="LightSlateGray"/>
</GradientStopCollection>
</GradientBrush.GradientStops>
</LinearGradientBrush>

<LinearGradientBrush x:Key="DayHeaderBrush" StartPoint="0,0" EndPoint="0,1">
<GradientBrush.GradientStops>
<GradientStopCollection>
<GradientStop Offset="0.0" Color="Peru" />
<GradientStop Offset="1.0" Color="White" />
</GradientStopCollection>
</GradientBrush.GradientStops>
</LinearGradientBrush>

</Page.Resources>
<Grid Margin="50">
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition Width="Auto"/>
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
<ItemsControl ItemsSource="{Binding Source={StaticResource Days}, XPath=Day}">
<ItemsControl.ItemsPanel>
<ItemsPanelTemplate>
<StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal"/>
</ItemsPanelTemplate>
</ItemsControl.ItemsPanel>
<ItemsControl.ItemTemplate>
<DataTemplate>
<StackPanel Orientation="Vertical" Background="White">
<Border BorderBrush="Black" BorderThickness="1,1,0,0" Background="{StaticResource DayHeaderBrush}">
<TextBlock Margin="30,10" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Text="{Binding XPath=@Name}"/>
</Border>
<Border BorderBrush="Black" BorderThickness="1,1,0,0">
<TextBlock Margin="30,10" Height="50" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Text="{Binding XPath=@Date}"/>
</Border>
</StackPanel>
</DataTemplate>
</ItemsControl.ItemTemplate>
</ItemsControl>
<Border BorderBrush="Black" BorderThickness="0,0,1,0"/>
</StackPanel>
</Grid>
</Page>

关于c# - 我的代码是否展示了良好的 WPF 实践?,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2431944/

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