c# - 如何验证 WPF 客户端对 ASP .NET WebAPI 2 的请求

Question

我刚刚创建了一个 ASP .NET MVC 5 Web API 项目并添加了 Entity Framework 模型和其他东西以使其与 ASP. NET Identity 一起工作.

现在我需要创建一个简单的经过身份验证的请求，从 WPF 客户端应用程序向该 API 的标准方法发送请求。

ASP .NET MVC 5 Web API 代码

[Authorize]
[RoutePrefix("api/Account")]
public class AccountController : ApiController

        // GET api/Account/UserInfo
        [HostAuthentication(DefaultAuthenticationTypes.ExternalBearer)]
        [Route("UserInfo")]
        public UserInfoViewModel GetUserInfo()
        {
            ExternalLoginData externalLogin = ExternalLoginData.FromIdentity(User.Identity as ClaimsIdentity);

            return new UserInfoViewModel
            {
                UserName = User.Identity.GetUserName(),
                HasRegistered = externalLogin == null,
                LoginProvider = externalLogin != null ? externalLogin.LoginProvider : null
            };
        }

WPF 客户端代码

public partial class MainWindow : Window
{
    HttpClient client = new HttpClient();

    public MainWindow()
    {
        InitializeComponent();

        client.BaseAddress = new Uri("http://localhost:22678/");
        client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Add(
            new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("application/json")); // It  tells the server to send data in JSON format.
    }

    private  void Button_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
    {
        Test();
    }

    private async void Test( )
    {
        try
        {
            var response = await client.GetAsync("api/Account/UserInfo");

            response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode(); // Throw on error code.

            var data = await response.Content.ReadAsAsync<UserInfoViewModel>();

        }
        catch (Newtonsoft.Json.JsonException jEx)
        {
            // This exception indicates a problem deserializing the request body.
            MessageBox.Show(jEx.Message);
        }
        catch (HttpRequestException ex)
        {
            MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
        }
        finally
        {               
        }
    }
}

它似乎正在连接到主机，我得到了正确的错误。没关系。

Response status code does not indicate success: 401 (Unauthorized).

我不确定如何使用 WPF 客户端发送用户名和密码的主要问题...

(伙计们，我不是在问我是否必须加密它并在 API 方法实现上使用 Auth Filter。我稍后肯定会这样做......)

我听说我必须在 header 请求中发送用户名和密码...但我不知道如何使用 HttpClient client = new HttpClient();

感谢任何线索!

附言我是否将 HttpClient 替换为 WebClient 并使用了 Task ( Unable to authenticate to ASP.NET Web Api service with HttpClient )？

Answer 1

您可以像这样发送当前登录的用户:

    var handler = new HttpClientHandler();
    handler.UseDefaultCredentials = true;
    _httpClient = new HttpClient(handler);

然后您可以创建自己的授权过滤器

public class MyAPIAuthorizationFilter : ActionFilterAttribute
{
    public override void OnActionExecuting(HttpActionContext actionContext)
    {
        //perform check here, perhaps against AD group, or check a roles based db?
        if(success)
        {
            base.OnActionExecuting(actionContext);
        }
        else
        {
            var msg = string.Format("User {0} attempted to use {1} but is not a member of the AD group.", id, actionContext.Request.Method);
            throw new HttpResponseException(new HttpResponseMessage(HttpStatusCode.Unauthorized)
            {
                Content = new StringContent(msg),
                ReasonPhrase = msg
            });
        }
    }
}

然后在您想要保护的 Controller 中的每个操作上使用 [MyAPIAuthorizationFilter]。