python - AttributeError: 'str' 对象没有属性

Question

我是 Python 编程的新手，我想尝试一下简单的文字冒险游戏，但我立即遇到了障碍。

class userInterface:
    def __init__(self, roomID, roomDesc, dirDesc, itemDesc):
        self.roomID = roomID
        self.roomDesc = roomDesc
        self.dirDesc = dirDesc
        self.itemDesc = itemDesc

    def displayRoom(self): #Displays the room description
        print(self.roomDesc)

    def displayDir(self): #Displays available directions
        L1 = self.dirDesc.keys()
        L2 = ""
        for i in L1:
                L2 += str(i) + " "
        print("You can go: " + L2)

    def displayItems(self): #Displays any items of interest
        print("Interesting items: " + str(self.itemDesc))

    def displayAll(self, num): #Displays all of the above
        num.displayRoom()
        num.displayDir()
        num.displayItems()

    def playerMovement(self): #Allows the player to change rooms based on the cardinal directions
        if input( "--> " ) in self.dirDesc.keys():
            letsago = "ID" + str(self.dirDesc.values())
            self.displayAll(letsago)
        else:
            print("Sorry, you can't go there mate.")



ID1 = userInterface(1, "This is a very small and empty room.", {"N": 2}, "There is nothing here.")

ID2 = userInterface(2, "This is another room.", {"W": 3}, ["knife", "butter"])

ID3 = userInterface(3, "This is the third room. GET OVER HERE", {}, ["rocket launcher"])

ID1.displayAll(ID1)
ID1.playerMovement()

那是我的代码，由于某种原因抛出错误:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "D:/Python34/Text Adventure/framework.py", line 42, in <module>
    ID1.playerMovement()
  File "D:/Python34/Text Adventure/framework.py", line 30, in playerMovement
    self.displayAll(fuckthis)
  File "D:/Python34/Text Adventure/framework.py", line 23, in displayAll
    num.displayRoom()
AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'displayRoom'

我在互联网和 python 文档中搜索过我到底做错了什么，但我不知道。如果我将 ID2 或 ID3 代替 self.displayAll(letsago) 它可以完美运行，但这毫无意义，因为玩家无法控制他想去的地方，所以我猜尝试连接 ID 有问题使用字典中的数字，但我不知道该怎么做以及如何解决这个问题。

Answer 1

问题出在您的 playerMovement 方法中。您正在创建房间变量的字符串名称(ID1、ID2、ID3):

letsago = "ID" + str(self.dirDesc.values())

但是，您创建的只是一个str。它不是变量。另外，我不认为它在做你认为它在做的事情:

>>>str({'a':1}.values())
'dict_values([1])'

如果您真的需要以这种方式查找变量，您可以使用eval 函数:

>>>foo = 'Hello World!'
>>>eval('foo')
'Hello World!'

或 globals 函数:

class Foo(object):
    def __init__(self):
        super(Foo, self).__init__()
    def test(self, name):
        print(globals()[name])

foo = Foo()
bar = 'Hello World!'
foo.text('bar')

但是，我会强烈建议您重新考虑您的类(class)。您的 userInterface 类本质上是一个 Room。它不应该处理玩家的移动。这应该在另一个类中，可能是 GameManager 或类似的东西。