python - 为什么不能用urlencode编码json格式的数据？

Question

我对 python 2.7 中的 urlencode 有疑问:

>>> import urllib
>>> import json
>>> urllib.urlencode(json.dumps({'title':"hello world！",'anonymous':False,'needautocategory':True}))
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/urllib.py", line 1280, in urlencode
    raise TypeError
TypeError: not a valid non-string sequence or mapping object

Answer 1

urlencode可以编码字典，但不能编码字符串。 json.dumps 的输出是一个字符串。

根据你想要的输出，要么不在 JSON 中编码字典:

>>> urllib.urlencode({'title':"hello world！",'anonymous':False,'needautocategory':True})
'needautocategory=True&anonymous=False&title=hello+world%EF%BC%81'

或者把整个东西包装在一个字典中:

>>> urllib.urlencode({'data': json.dumps({'title':"hello world！",'anonymous':False,'needautocategory':True})})
'data=%7B%22needautocategory%22%3A+true%2C+%22anonymous%22%3A+false%2C+%22title%22%3A+%22hello+world%5Cuff01%22%7D'

或使用 quote_plus()相反(urlencode 使用 quote_plus 作为键和值):

>>> urllib.quote_plus(json.dumps({'title':"hello world！",'anonymous':False,'needautocategory':True}))
'%7B%22needautocategory%22%3A+true%2C+%22anonymous%22%3A+false%2C+%22title%22%3A+%22hello+world%5Cuff01%22%7D'