python - 需要条件和转换的计算字段的 Django 查询表达式

Question

我正在尝试运行一个大致等于的聚合查询:

select 
    sum(impressions) as impressions, 
    sum(clicks) as clicks, 
    sum(clicks)/sum(impressions) as ctr 
from stats 
group by product
order by ctr;

使用的数据库是PostgreSQL。

我做了这个查询表达式(Django 1.9):

Stats.objects.values('product').annotate(
    impressions = models.Sum('impressions'), 
    clicks = models.Sum('clicks'), 
    ctr = models.ExpressionWrapper(
        models.F('clicks')/models.F('impressions')), output_field = models.FloatField()
    )
).order_by('ctr')

它有两个问题:

• ctr 是 0.0 因为它在数据库级别除以整数
• 如果展示次数为 0，它会抛出除以零

什么是正确的解决方案？

Answer 1

使用conditional expressions :

from django.db.models import Case, F, Sum, When

Stats.objects.values('product').annotate(
    tot_impressions=Sum('impressions'), 
    tot_clicks=Sum('clicks')
).annotate(
    ctr=Case(When(tot_impressions=0, then=None),  # or other value, e.g. then=0
             # 1.0*... is to get float in SQL
             default=1.0*F('tot_clicks')/F('tot_impressions'),
             output_field=models.FloatField())
).order_by('ctr')