Python HTML 解析器 : UnicodeDecodeError

Question

我正在使用 HTMLParser 来解析我使用 urllib 提取的页面，并且在将某些内容传递给 HTMLParser 时遇到了 UnicodeDecodeError 异常。

我尝试使用 chardet 检测编码并转换为 ascii 或 utf-8(docs 不似乎在说它应该是什么)。有损是可以接受的，但是虽然解码/编码行工作得很好，但我总是在 self.feed() 之后得到错误。

如果我只是打印，信息就在那里。

from HTMLParser import HTMLParser
import urllib
import chardet

class search_youtube(HTMLParser):

    def __init__(self, search_terms):
        HTMLParser.__init__(self)
        self.track_ids = []
        for search in search_terms:
            self.__in_result = False
            search = urllib.quote_plus(search)
            query = 'http://youtube.com/results?search_query='
            page = urllib.urlopen(query + search).read()
            try:
                self.feed(page)
            except UnicodeDecodeError:
                encoding = chardet.detect(page)['encoding']
                if encoding != 'unicode':
                    page = page.decode(encoding)
                    page = page.encode('ascii', 'ignore')
                self.feed(page)
                print 'success'

searches = ['telepopmusik breathe']
results = search_youtube(searches)
print results.track_ids

这是输出:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "test.py", line 27, in <module>
    results = search_youtube(searches)
  File "test.py", line 23, in __init__
    self.feed(page)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/HTMLParser.py", line 108, in feed
    self.goahead(0)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/HTMLParser.py", line 148, in goahead
    k = self.parse_starttag(i)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/HTMLParser.py", line 252, in parse_starttag
    attrvalue = self.unescape(attrvalue)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/HTMLParser.py", line 390, in unescape
    return re.sub(r"&(#?[xX]?(?:[0-9a-fA-F]+|\w{1,8}));", replaceEntities, s)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.6/re.py", line 151, in sub
    return _compile(pattern, 0).sub(repl, string, count)
UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xc3 in position 1: ordinal not in range(128)

Answer 1

确实是 UTF-8。这有效:

from HTMLParser import HTMLParser
import urllib

class search_youtube(HTMLParser):

    def __init__(self, search_terms):
        HTMLParser.__init__(self)
        self.track_ids = []
        for search in search_terms:
            self.__in_result = False
            search = urllib.quote_plus(search)
            query = 'http://youtube.com/results?search_query='
            connection = urllib.urlopen(query + search)
            encoding = connection.headers.getparam('charset')
            page = connection.read().decode(encoding)
            self.feed(page)
            print 'success'

searches = ['telepopmusik breathe']
results = search_youtube(searches)
print results.track_ids

你不需要 chardet，Youtube 不是白痴，他们实际上在标题中发送了正确的编码。