python - sklearn 分类器获取 ValueError : bad input shape

Question

我有一个 csv，结构是CAT1,CAT2,TITLE,URL,CONTENT, CAT1, CAT2, TITLE ,CONTENT 为中文。

我想用 X(TITLE) 和特征 (CAT1,CAT2) 训练 LinearSVC 或 MultinomialNB，两者都会出现此错误。下面是我的代码:

PS:我通过这个例子写了下面的代码scikit-learn text_analytics

import numpy as np
import csv
from sklearn.feature_extraction.text import TfidfVectorizer
from sklearn.svm import LinearSVC
from sklearn.pipeline import Pipeline

label_list = []

def label_map_target(label):
    ''' map chinese feature name to integer  '''
    try:
        idx = label_list.index(label)
    except ValueError:
        idx = len(label_list)
        label_list.append(label)

    return idx


c1_list = []
c2_list = []
title_list = []
with open(csv_file, 'r') as f:
    # row_from_csv is for shorting this example
    for row in row_from_csv(f):
        c1_list.append(label_map_target(row[0])
        c2_list.append(label_map_target(row[1])
        title_list.append(row[2])

data = np.array(title_list)
target = np.array([c1_list, c2_list])
print target.shape
# (2, 4405)
target = target.reshape(4405,2)
print target.shape
# (4405, 2)

docs_train, docs_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(
   data, target, test_size=0.25, random_state=None)

# vect = TfidfVectorizer(tokenizer=jieba_tokenizer, min_df=3, max_df=0.95)
# use custom chinese tokenizer get same error
vect = TfidfVectorizer(min_df=3, max_df=0.95)
docs_train= vect.fit_transform(docs_train)

clf = LinearSVC()
clf.fit(docs_train, y_train)

错误:

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ValueError                                Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-24-904eb9af02cd> in <module>()
      1 clf = LinearSVC()
----> 2 clf.fit(docs_train, y_train)

C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\sklearn\svm\classes.pyc in fit(self, X, y)
    198 
    199         X, y = check_X_y(X, y, accept_sparse='csr',
--> 200                          dtype=np.float64, order="C")
    201         self.classes_ = np.unique(y)
    202 

C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\sklearn\utils\validation.pyc in check_X_y(X, y, accept_sparse, dtype, order, copy, force_all_finite, ensure_2d, allow_nd, multi_output, ensure_min_samples, ensure_min_features, y_numeric)
    447                         dtype=None)
    448     else:
--> 449         y = column_or_1d(y, warn=True)
    450         _assert_all_finite(y)
    451     if y_numeric and y.dtype.kind == 'O':

C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\sklearn\utils\validation.pyc in column_or_1d(y, warn)
    483         return np.ravel(y)
    484 
--> 485     raise ValueError("bad input shape {0}".format(shape))
    486 
    487 

ValueError: bad input shape (3303, 2)

Answer 1

感谢@meelo，我解决了这个问题。正如他所说:在我的代码中，data是一个特征向量，target是目标值。我混淆了两件事。

我了解到 TfidfVectorizer 将数据处理为 [data, feature]，并且每个数据应该只映射到一个目标。

如果我想预测两种类型的目标，我需要两个不同的目标:

1. target_C1 所有 C1 值
2. target_C2 具有所有 C2 值。

然后使用两个目标和原始数据为每个目标训练两个分类器。