python - py.test 找不到模块

Question

这个问题与以下问题有关，但没有在那里回答:

• PATH issue with pytest 'ImportError: No module named YadaYadaYada'
• Py.test No module named *

我有一个具有以下树结构的 python 模块:

mcts
|- setup.py
|- mcts
 |- __init__.py
 |- uct.py
 |- toy_world_state.py
 |- test
  |- test_uct.py
  |- test_toy_world_state.py

我在某个目录下创建了一个virtualenv

$ mkdir virtual
$ virtualenv --system-site-packages virtual
$ source virtual/bin/activate

然后我安装我的包:

$ cd /path/to/mcts
$ pip install -e .

现在我尝试运行测试:

$ py.test mcts
================================================== test session starts ==================================================
platform linux -- Python 3.4.2 -- py-1.4.26 -- pytest-2.6.4
collected 0 items / 2 errors 

======================================================== ERRORS =========================================================
__________________________________ ERROR collecting mcts/test/test_toy_world_state.py ___________________________________
mcts/test/test_toy_world_state.py:4: in <module>
    from mcts.toy_world_state import *
E   ImportError: No module named 'mcts'
________________________________________ ERROR collecting mcts/test/test_uct.py _________________________________________
mcts/test/test_uct.py:4: in <module>
    from mcts.uct import *
E   ImportError: No module named 'mcts'
================================================ 2 error in 0.02 seconds ===============================================

如果我转到任何路径并尝试在 ipython 中导入模块，它会起作用:

$ cd
$ ipython

In [1]: import mcts.uct

In [2]: mcts.uct? 
Type:        module
String form: <module 'mcts.uct' from '/home/johannes/src/mcts/mcts/uct.py'>
File:        /home/johannes/src/mcts/mcts/uct.py
Docstring:   <no docstring>

如果我从 pycharm 中运行 pytest，它就可以工作。 (但我不知道pycharm中到底发生了什么神奇的事情……)

虽然 echo $PYTHONPATH 返回一个空字符串，但 sys.path 似乎是正确的:

>>> import sys; print(sys.path)
['/home/johannes/src/mcts/virtualenvs/teste/lib/python3.4/site-packages', 
'/home/johannes/src/mcts', '', '/usr/bin', 
'/usr/lib/python3.4/site-packages/GitPython-0.3.2.RC1-py3.4.egg', 
'/usr/lib/python34.zip', '/usr/lib/python3.4', 
'/usr/lib/python3.4/plat-linux', '/usr/lib/python3.4/lib-dynload', 
'/usr/lib/python3.4/site-packages', 
'/usr/lib/python3.4/site-packages/IPython/extensions', 
'/home/johannes/.ipython']

我必须做什么才能让 pytest 运行？

Answer 1

我自己修好了。出于某种原因，pytest 没有得到正确的 virtualenv。在 virtualenv 中安装 pytest 解决了它

source virtualenvs/teste/bin/activate
pip install pytest