python - 无法获取窗口，中止

Question

我在运行 Kivy hello world 程序时遇到了一个常见的错误。我尝试了我在这里看到的解决方案:手动安装 gstreamer，将其添加到 PATH 并安装 PySDL2。我的操作系统是 Windows 7，所有其他版本信息都在错误日志中。

# you need this two lines:
import os
os.environ['KIVY_IMAGE'] = 'pil,sdl2'

#kivy program
from kivy.app import App
from kivy.uix.button import Button

class TestApp(App):
    def build(self):
        return Button(text='Hello World')

TestApp().run()

错误日志:

[INFO              ] [Logger      ] Record log in C:\Users\xyz\.kivy\logs\kivy_16-11-19_11.txt
[INFO              ] [Kivy        ] v1.9.1
[INFO              ] [Python      ] v2.7.12 (v2.7.12:d33e0cf91556, Jun 27 2016, 15:24:40) [MSC v.1500 64 bit (AMD64)]
[INFO              ] [Factory     ] 179 symbols loaded
[INFO              ] [Image       ] Providers: img_pil, img_sdl2 (img_tex, img_dds, img_ffpyplayer, img_gif ignored)
[INFO              ] [Text        ] Provider: sdl2
[INFO              ] [OSC         ] using <thread> for socket
[INFO              ] [Window      ] Provider: sdl2
[INFO              ] [GL          ] GLEW initialization succeeded
[INFO              ] [GL          ] OpenGL version <3.1.0 - Build 8.15.10.2538>
[INFO              ] [GL          ] OpenGL vendor <Intel>
[INFO              ] [GL          ] OpenGL renderer <Intel(R) HD Graphics Family>
[INFO              ] [GL          ] OpenGL parsed version: 3, 1
[INFO              ] [GL          ] Shading version <1.40  - Intel Build 8.15.10.2538>
[INFO              ] [GL          ] Texture max size <8192>
[INFO              ] [GL          ] Texture max units <16>
[INFO              ] [Shader      ] fragment shader: <No errors.>
[INFO              ] [Shader      ] vertex shader: <No errors.>
[INFO              ] [Shader      ] program: <No errors.>
[CRITICAL          ] [Window      ] Unable to find any valuable Window provider at all!
sdl2 - AttributeError: tobytes
  File "C:\Program Files\python27\lib\site-packages\kivy\core\__init__.py", line 67, in core_select_lib
    cls = cls()
  File "C:\Program Files\python27\lib\site-packages\kivy\core\window\window_sdl2.py", line 138, in __init__
    super(WindowSDL, self).__init__()
  File "C:\Program Files\python27\lib\site-packages\kivy\core\window\__init__.py", line 722, in __init__
    self.create_window()
  File "C:\Program Files\python27\lib\site-packages\kivy\core\window\window_sdl2.py", line 255, in create_window
    super(WindowSDL, self).create_window()
  File "C:\Program Files\python27\lib\site-packages\kivy\core\window\__init__.py", line 897, in create_window
    self.render_context = RenderContext()
  File "kivy\graphics\instructions.pyx", line 756, in kivy.graphics.instructions.RenderContext.__init__ (kivy\graphics\instructions.c:10729)
  File "C:\Program Files\python27\lib\site-packages\kivy\core\image\__init__.py", line 512, in __init__
    self.filename = arg
  File "C:\Program Files\python27\lib\site-packages\kivy\core\image\__init__.py", line 700, in _set_filename
    mipmap=self._mipmap, nocache=self._nocache)
  File "C:\Program Files\python27\lib\site-packages\kivy\core\image\__init__.py", line 430, in load
    im = loader(filename, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Program Files\python27\lib\site-packages\kivy\core\image\__init__.py", line 198, in __init__
    self._data = self.load(filename)
  File "C:\Program Files\python27\lib\site-packages\kivy\core\image\img_pil.py", line 101, in load
    return list(self._img_read(im))
  File "C:\Program Files\python27\lib\site-packages\kivy\core\image\img_pil.py", line 86, in _img_read
    img_tmp.mode.lower(), img_tmp.tobytes())
  File "C:\Program Files\python27\lib\site-packages\PIL\Image.py", line 514, in __getattr__
    raise AttributeError(name)

[CRITICAL          ] [App         ] Unable to get a Window, abort.
 Exception SystemExit: 1 in 'kivy.properties.dpi2px' ignored
[CRITICAL          ] [App         ] Unable to get a Window, abort.

Answer 1

在 cmd 中转到 python34，然后转到脚本并安装以下内容:

pip install --upgrade pip wheel setuptools
pip install docutils pygments pypiwin32 kivy.deps.sdl2 kivy.deps.glew
pip install kivy.deps.gstreamer
pip install kivy.deps.angle
pip install kivy