python - 扩展 Python 的内置 Str

Question

我正在尝试对 str 进行子类化，但由于其不可变性而遇到一些困难。

class DerivedClass(str):

    def __new__(cls, string):
        ob = super(DerivedClass, cls).__new__(cls, string)
        return ob

    def upper(self):
        #overridden, new functionality. Return ob of type DerivedClass. Great.
        caps = super(DerivedClass, self).upper()
        return DerivedClass(caps + '123')

derived = DerivedClass('a')

print derived.upper() #'A123'
print type(derived.upper()) #<class '__main__.DerivedClass'>
print derived.lower() #'a' 
print type(derived.lower()) #<type 'str'>  

对于不需要任何新功能的继承方法，例如 derived.lower()，是否有一种简单的 pythonic 方法来返回类型为 DerivedClass 的对象>(而不是 str)？还是我像处理 derived.upper() 那样手动覆盖每个 str.method()？

编辑:

#Any massive flaws in the following?

class DerivedClass(str):
    def __new__(cls, string):
        ob = super(DerivedClass, cls).__new__(cls, string)
        return ob

    def upper(self):
        caps = super(DerivedClass, self).upper()
        return DerivedClass(caps + '123')

    def __getattribute__(self, name):
        att = super(DerivedClass, self).__getattribute__(name)

        if not callable(att):
            return att

        def call_me_later(*args, **kwargs):
            result = att(*args, **kwargs)
            if isinstance(result, basestring):
                return DerivedClass(result)
            return result
        return call_me_later

Answer 1

类装饰器的良好用途——大致(未经测试的代码):

@do_overrides
class Myst(str):
  def upper(self):
    ...&c...

和

def do_overrides(cls):
  done = set(dir(cls))
  base = cls.__bases__[0]
  def wrap(f):
    def wrapper(*a, **k):
      r = f(*a, **k)
      if isinstance(r, base):
        r = cls(r)
      return r
  for m in dir(base):
    if m in done or not callable(m):
      continue
    setattr(cls, m, wrap(getattr(base, m)))