c - 这是 weakref 的正确用法吗？

Question

我想允许重新定义已在头文件中定义的 .c 文件中的函数。根据关于 weakref 属性的 GCC 手册:

The effect is equivalent to moving all references to the alias to a separate translation unit, renaming the alias to the aliased symbol, declaring it as weak, compiling the two separate translation units and performing a reloadable link on them.

这听起来正是我想要做的。但是，以下示例不会编译错误:

tpp.c:18:13: error: redefinition of ‘foo’ tpp.c:6:13: note: previous definition of ‘foo’ was here

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <stdio.h>

/* this will be in a header file */
static void foo(void) __attribute__ ((weakref ("_foo")));

static void _foo(void)
{
    printf("default foo\n");
}

/* in a .c file #including the header mentioned above */
#define CUSTOM_FOO

#ifdef CUSTOM_FOO
static void foo(void)
{ 
    printf("user defined foo.\n");
}
#endif

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    printf("calling foo.\n");
    foo();
}

我是否正确使用了它？我错过了什么？

gcc version 4.6.3 (Ubuntu/Linaro 4.6.3-1ubuntu5)

Answer 1

据我了解，您需要将该函数定义为 extern。然后它对我有用如下:

user@horst:$ cat weakref.c

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <stdio.h>

/* this will be in a header file */
extern void foo(void) __attribute__ ((weak, alias ("_foo")));

void _foo(void)
{
    printf("default foo\n");
}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    printf("calling foo.\n");
    foo();
}

user@horst:$ gcc weakref.c 
user@horst:$ ./a.out 
calling foo.
default foo
user@horst:$ cat weakrefUser.c
#include <stdio.h>
/* in a .c file #including the header mentioned above */
#define CUSTOM_FOO

#ifdef CUSTOM_FOO
void foo(void)
{ 
    printf("user defined foo.\n");
}
#endif
user@horst:$ gcc -c weakrefUser.c 
user@horst:$ gcc -c weakref.c 
user@horst:$ gcc weakref.o weakrefUser.o 
user@horst:$ ./a.out 
calling foo.
user defined foo.

注意1:它不适用于静态函数，对于弱属性，它需要是全局的。

注意 2:ELF 目标“仅”支持弱符号。